Therapeutic efficiency of advanced stage liver cancer is insufficiency,which has become the hot spot of research.Clinical observation found that prognosis of liver cancer with integrity amicula was better.It is generally accepted that silicon dioxiode(SiO2) can induce pulmonary fibrosis,resulting in the formation of pneumosilicosis.Use of SiO2 as embolism material induces hepatic fibrosis and forms the fibrosis amicula around the liver carcinoma,and then restrains the recurrence and metabasis of liver cancer,which has been turned into one of the aspect of liver carcinoma therapy.The possible mechanisms of inducing hepatic fibrosis by SiO2 are peroxidative damage by free radical,releasing of active cytokines,or inducing cell apoptosis and the activation of HSC etc.

AIM: To explore the effect and the mechanism of sulphated heparin on the proliferation and the apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS: The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2) was used to identify the expression of ras gene protein and to study the effect of sulphated heparin on proliferation and the apoptosis in vitro . RESULTS: The sulphated heparin downregulated the ras protein expression and inhibited the cell growth in HepG2 cells. In the presence of sulphated heparin, the apoptosis rate of HepG2 increased. CONCLUSION:The data suggest that the effects of sulphated heparin on the proliferation and the apoptosis of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell are correlated with the signaling transduction mediated by ras gene protein.

ObjectiveTo review our experience in the use of a pedicled umbilical vein graft in the repair of the defect in the bile duct in Mirizzi's syndrome. MethodsThis is a retrospective study on the use of a pedicled umbilical vein graft to repair the defect in the bile duct in 35 patients with Mi rizzi's syndrome. These patients suffered for Mirizzi's syndrome type Ⅱ in 19 patients, type Ⅲ in 15 patients, and type Ⅳ in 1 patient. ResultsThere was no peri-operative death. Five patients developed postoperative biliary leak which healed spontaneously after drainage of the bile collection. All patients had been followed up for at least 6 months, and 27 patients had been followed up for 3 years.There was no biliary complication. ConclusionsBile duct reconstruction with a pedicled umbilical vein graft is simple. It is a good procedure to repair the defect in the bile duct in Mirizzi's syndrome.

Objective To observe the effect of foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad in prevention of pressure ulcer for surgical patients.Methods 140 patients in neurosurgery department were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 70 patients in each group.The control group received foam-rubber cushion for conventional nursing,the experimental group used foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad to prevent pressure ulcer.Instantly after the operation and 30 min later,the situation of skin pressure ulcer was recorded respectively,the maximum diameter of erythema was measured and the process was put into phases.24 hours after the operation,patients of the above two groups were visited and the situation of skin pressure ulcer was recorded.The skin pressure ulcer and the maximum diameter of erythema were compared between the two groups.Results Cases with phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ pressure ulcer in the experimental group were less than those of the control group at three time points,which were instantly after the operation,30 min and 24 hours later.The diameter of erythema at three time points was also less than the control group.Conclusions Foam dressing and polyurethane gel pad could effectively prevent or alleviate pressure ulcer after operation and therefore is worthy of clinical application.

AIM: To investigate the changes of expression of Nogo-A at different time points in brain ischemic infarct rats.METHODS: The model of 80 cases of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) in rats was established.The expression of Nogo-A mRNA and protein were determined by Western blotting and hybridization,and the relationship between functional scoring and Nogo-A was also evaluated.RESULTS: In the brain of MCAO rats,Nogo-A mRNA expression was decreased on day 3 and increased significantly on day 7.The highest level was observed at the 21th d,keeping the same level at the 28th d.Nogo-A protein expression showed the same results.These results were correlated with the brain function scoring.CONCLUSION: Expression of Nogo-A does not increase in the early stage,but increases significantly in the late stage of MCAO,suggesting that Nogo-A expression may play an important role in the nerve regeneration of brain ischemic injury.

Objective To explore the clinical expression of P53, Livin and PARP in the epithelial ovarian cancer and its correlation with the chemotherapy resistance and clinical prognosis.Methods 74 specimen of epithelial ovarian cancer confirmed from January 2009 to June 2011 in our gynecology department were selected.During the follow-up visit, the subjects were divided into chemotherapy sensitivity group and chemotherapy resistance group according to the recurrence cases, the clinical expression and survival rate for two groups were compared, the influence factors of survival time were analyzed.Results The positive rate of P53, Livin and PARP for chemotherapy sensitivity group was 47.1%, 56.9%and 52.9%;the positive rate for chemotherapy resistance group was 73.9%, 95.7% and 95.7%,the diyforences were significant(P<0.05).After 1, 3 and 5 years of treatment, the survival rate for chemotherapy sensitivity group was 100.0%, 82.4% and 66.7%,The survival rate for chemotherapy resistance group was 87.0%, 26.1% and 8.7%,the diyforences were significant(P<0.05).Based on the Cox regression model, the influence factors of the patient's age, pathological differentiation degree, clinical staging and chemotherapy sensitivity were introduced.It was known that the patient's survival time was greatly influenced by clinical staging and chemotherapy sensitivity (P<0.05).Conclusion For patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, the expression of P53, Livin and PARP is correlated with chemotherapy resistance.Therefore, the clinical effect is predictable, for patients with higher expression, the personalized therapy can improve the patient's prognosis.

OBJECTIVEThis research aims to study the changes in pain threshold and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in a Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model oftrigeminal neuralgia.

METHODSA total of 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: operative, sham-operative, and control. In the operative group, a chronic constriction injury (CCI) was caused by placing loose chromic gut ligatures around the right infraorbital nerve (ION). In the sham-operative group, the right ION was subjected to the same procedure, but without ligation. In the control group, the right ION was not subjected to any treatment. The pain thresholds of the three groups were recorded at different times after the operation. The GDNF expression in each group was analyzed via immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSAn allodynia to mechanical stimulation in the region of the ligated ION was observed starting on the 2nd week after operation. Pain thresholds started to increase gradually from the 6th week and returned to the original level at the 10th to 12th week after operation. Cells that expressed the GDNF markedly increased in number in the operative group with changes observed at different times.

CONCLUSIONWe use chronic constriction injury to the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION) to establish a trigeminal neuralgia-like animal model in SD rats. GDNF may play a role in regulating pain by promoting the restoration and regeneration of nerve fibers.

Animals ; Constriction ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factors ; Hyperalgesia ; Male ; Pain Threshold ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Trigeminal Neuralgia

AIM: To explore the effect of collagen and C-erbB-2 protein on the adhesion and the proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.METHODS: Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(HepG-2) identified to positive for C-erbB-2 gene was used to study the adhesion and the growth feature by the action of rat tail collagen and C-erbB-2 antibody.RESULTS: The action of rat tail collagen to potentiated the adhesion in HepG-2 cells was significantly but no proliferation effect was observed. C-erbB-2 antibody inhibited the adhesion and proliferation of HepG-2 cells and also abolished the potentiated effect of rat tail collagen on the adhesion in HepG-2 cells.CONCLUSIONS: The signaling transduction mediated by C-erbB-2 protein was correlated to the adhesion and the proliferation of HepG-2. The blockage of C-erbB-2 gene signal transduction may be a strategic target to the treatment of liver cancer in the future.

AIM: To examine the effect of insulin on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell and its possible mechanisms. METHODS: The human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(HepG-2) was used to study the changes in calcium ion across plasma membrane (Ca 2+ APM)under the action of insulin by the assay of atomic absorption spectrum, and in the proliferation under the action of insulin and calcium ion antagonist (isoptin). RESULTS: The influx of Ca 2+ APM and the proliferation was increased after insulin administration, but the proliferation was inhibited by isoptin. CONCLUSION: Changes in the homeostasis of calcium ion across plasma membrane was involved in the effect of insulin on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIM: To explore the effects of PMA(phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate,a tumor promoter, mimicking the action of diacylglycerol on PKC)and laminin on the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and provide a new clue to liver cancer treatment. METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(BEL-7402)was used to identify the endogenous laminin and protein kinase C-?(PKC-?) expression, and the effects of laminin and PMA on the adhesion and the proliferation were also investigated in vitro. RESULTS: By the effect of exogenous laminin, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (BEL-7402) possessed endogenous laminin expression and increased the adhesion and the proliferation, which was showed the synergistic action by the effect of PMA in combination. By the action of PMA alone,the proliferation and the PKC-? expression increased by exogenous laminin were decreased, and the adhesion and the endogenous laminin expression were increased. CONCLUSIONS: The finding suggested that the adhesion and the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell were closely related to the effects of endogenous or exogenous laminin ,which were associated with cPKC-? activity. Therefore,the application of anti-laminin antibody in combination with PKC antagonist might be a new clue to find out the therapy for liver cancer.