Objective To retrospectively analyze the effectiveness and safety of drug-eluting stents (DES) on prevention of restenosis in old female patients (≥65 years) with multi-vessel coronary artery disease. Methods 387 old female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were divided into the DES group (n=139) and the metallic stent (BMS) group (n=248). Acute and long-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results The ratio of patients with diabetic disease was higher in DES group than that in BMS group (P0.05). The rates of restenosis shown by angiography and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were significantly lower in the DES group compared with BMS group (4.2% vs 15.8%, 7.5% vs 17.3%, P

Objective To evaluate the 6-month result of implantation of drug eluted stent (DES) in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) to compare with that of bare metal stent (BMS). Methods From November 2002 to June 2005, 443 consecutive T2DM patients with MVD without previous myocardial revascularization underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There were 226 patients in BMS group, 91patients in Cypher stent group, and 126 patients in TAXUS stent group. The results during hospitalization and 6-month clinical follow-up were analyzed among the 3 groups. Results There were no difference in clinical characteristics, PCI success rate, and incidence of in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) among 3 groups. However, concerning the characteristics of coronary lesions, the rate of bifurcation lesions and lesion length in Cypher stent group and the rates of bifurcation lesions and triple coronary lesions in TAXUS stent group were significantly higher than that in BMS group, respectively (P

Objective To evaluate long-term clinical effectiveness in old female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (≥65 years) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods 601 female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease underwent PCI were divided into the elder group (≥65 years, n=354) and the younger group (0.05). Conclusion PCI can be performed in old female patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease with high success rate and few complications. Long-term clinical outcomes of PCI in old females with multi-vessel disease are similar to younger females.

Objective To assess the safety and effectiveness of the drug eluting stents(DES,including Cypher and TAXUS stent)in treating patients with single- and multi-vessel de novo lesions located in small native coronary arteries with comparison of bare metal stent(BMS).Methods From December 2002 to May 2005,coronary stenting procedures were performed in 407 patients with small coronary artery lesions consecutively(among whom 150 patients with multi-vessel small coronary lesion).There were 214 patients(63 patients with multi-vessel)in BMS group,140 patients(46 patients with multi-vessel)in Cypher group and 132 patients(41 patients with multi-vessel)in TAXUS group.The results of in-hospital and 6-month clinical follow-up were analysed among the 3 groups.Results There were no differences in lesion characteristic,success rate of percutanous coronary intervention(PCI),in-hospital major adverse cardiac events(MACE)and in-stent minimal lumen diameter after PCI among 3 groups.However,angiographic restenosis occurred significantly less in two DES groups than in BMS group(4.9%in Cypher group and 7.5%in TAXUS group vs 29.2% in BMS group,P

AIM: To evaluate the effects of over-expression of cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes(CREG) mediated by retrovirus on neointima formation in injured rat carotid.METHODS: The pluronic F127 containing pLNCX/CREG or pLNCX/GFP retroviral vectors was placed around the injured rat carotid.The neointima,media areas and the intima to media ratio were calculated.Expressions of CREG,SM ?-actin and Ki-67 were detected.RESULTS: The GFP expression was observed at day 2 in pLNCX/GFP groups.The expression of exogenous CREG was also significantly increased in arteries at day 2 after pLNCX-CREG infection.Over-expression of CREG significantly suppressed neointima formation,attenuated the expression of Ki-67 and up-regulated SM ?-actin expression.CONCLUSION: Over-expression of CREG inhibits VSMCs proliferation and promotes VSMCs differentiation after vascular injury.It suggests that modulation of CREG expression or activity may be a viable approach to treat neointimal restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of combination technique in treating descending thoracic aortic dissection with coronary heart disease by endovascular graft exclusion (EVGE) and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods From April, 2002 to October, 2013, a total of 40 in-hospital patients with descending thoracic aortic dissection and coronary heart disease who underwent EVGE and PCI were analyzed for outcomes. All patients were performed EVGE before they underwent PCI in 3~7days of time. Long-term treatment were observed. Results For dissection tears, 40 trunk tectorial membrane stents were used. The rate of success of EVGE implantation was 100%. No paraplegia, death and other complications. 59 stents were placed to 54 target vessels of 40 patients. The success rate of PCI procedure was 100%and no severe complication occurred. All patients were followed up for average 56±31 months. The rate of followed up was 92.5%(37/40). During follow-up, 3 patients died including two patients died of cerebral hemorrhage and one case of malignant tumor. The major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate was 6.9% in the 29 cases of patients who underwent EVGE and PCI during the clinical follow-up. Conclusions It is safe and feasible that treating descending thoracic aortic dissection with coronary heart disease by combination technique of EVGE and PCI.

Objectives The cellular repressor of E1A-activated genes (CREG), a novel gene, was recently found to play a role in inhibiting cell growth and promoting cell differentiation. The purpose of this study was to obtain antibody against CREG protein and to study the expression of CREG protein in human internal thoracic artery cells (HITASY) which express different patterns of differentiation markers after serum withdrawal. Methods The open reading frame of CREG gene sequence was amplified by PCR and cloned into the pGEX-4T-1 vector. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-CREG fusion protein was expressed in E. Coli BL21 and purified from inclusion bodies by Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. Rabbits were immunized with the purified GST-CREG protein. Western blot examined with immunohistochemistry staining and the protein expression level was analyzed by Western blot in HITASY cells after serum removal. Results It was confirmed by using endonuclease digesting and DNA sequencing that the PCR product of CREG was correctly inserted into the vector. The GST-CREG protein was purified with gel filtration chromatography. Polyclonal antibody against GST-CREG was obtained from rabbits. CREG protein immunohistochemistry staining displayed a perinuclear distribution in the cytoplasm of HITASY cells. Results from Western blot suggested that comparing with the untreated cells upregulation of CREG polyclonal antibody against CREG was comfirmed. Using this antibody, the changes of CREG protein expression was observed in the process of phenotypic modulation of HITASY cells. These results provide basic understanding on the relationship of CREG gene with the cell phenotypic conversion.

Objective To analyze the clinical, imaging and interventional data of patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions without myocardial infarction (MI) and to summarize the clinical and imaging characteristics of these patients. Methods The data of 2651 patients with CTO verified by coronary angiography between January 1995 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 1466 CTO patients (55. 3%) without MI (the control group) and 1185 CTO patients (44. 7%) with MI ( the MI group). The age, percentage of female patients, unstable angina, hypertention, mean triglyceride levels, left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) were lower in the MI group than in the control group ( all P﹤0. 05). The rates of heart failure and serum creatinine levels were higher in the MI group than the control group (both P﹤0. 05). The rate of multi-vessel disease was higher in the control group than in the MI group (81. 4% vs. 76. 5%, P﹤0. 05). According to the target CTO vessel location, patients in the control group had lower rates of CTO in LAD (36. 2% vs. 40. 7%, P=0. 007) and higher rates of CTO in LCX (17. 0%vs. 12. 7%, P﹤0. 001). Patients in the control group without MI had better collateral circulation than that in the control group (32. 7% vs. 27. 0%, P﹤0. 001). There were no differences in success rate of PCI and complete revascularization between the two groups. Conclusions The present study showed that the CTO patients without MI were associated with better collateral development compared with the CTO patients with MI. Age, gender, unstable angina encouraging ischemic preconditioning and hypertension may be beneficial by facilitating collateral development through endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms.

Objective To make a preliminary evaluation of the degradation of AZ31 bioabsorbable magnesium alloy stent implanted in the abdominal aorta of experimental rabbits.Methods Twelve AZ31 biodegradable magnesium alloy stents were separately deployed in the infrarenal abdominal aortas of twelve New Zealand white rabbits.Every three experimental rabbits were sacrificed each time at one,two,three and four months after the procedure of stenting.The stenting segment of the aortas were harvested,radiographod and sent for pathologic examination to observe the degradable performance of the stent.Results All animals survived form the operation in the scheduled follow-up period.Radiographically and pathologically,the stents were fully expanded with perfect shape one month after the procedure,and part of the stent struts began to be degraded and fractured in two months,resulting in the loss of its supporting function.Three months after the implantation most stents were corroded.and in four months all the stents become completely destroyed.The estimating time for producing complete degradation of AZ31 magnesium alloy stents in rabbit's aorta was 104.5 days.Conclusion AZ31 bioabsorbable magnesium alloy stents implanted in rabbit abdominal aorta will lose their radial force in two months.How to prolong the functioning time of the implanted stents is the next research target.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of testa triticum tricum purif for the treatment of functional constipatiofi(FC) in the late middle-aged and elderly patients.Methods This study was designed as a multicenter randomized controlled trial.Patients who met Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria of FC were enrolled,with age between 55-85 years old.Those with organic diseases were excluded.The patients were randomly allocated to receive testa triticum tricum purif (3.5 g bid) or polyethylene glycol 4000 powder (PEG4000,10g bid) for 8 weeks,followed by single dose of maintenance therapy for 4 weeks.Follow-up visits were at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment discontinuation.The independent investigators in each center evaluated the constipation symptoms scores.The primary endpoints included rates of significant improvement,improvement and overall improvement at the end of 2,4 and 8 weeks of therapy,which were calculated by the reduction of symptom scores ≥ 75 ％,50％-74％,≥ 25 ％ respectively.Results A total of 127 FC subjects were enrolled from 3 centers,and 122 cases valid for final analysis.The mean age was (69.4 ± 6.9) years old,including 62 cases in testa triticum tricum purif group and 60 cases in PEG4000 group.The demographic data,constipated symptoms scores and proportion of FC subtypes at baseline were comparable.The rates of significant improvement,improvement and overall improvement in testa triticum tricum purif and PEG4000 groups at the end of 2,4 and 8 weeks were 37.70％ (23/61) vs 59.32％(35/59) (P=0.018),57.38％ (35/61)vs74.14％ (43/58) (P=0.054),and64.41％ (38/59)vs 79.31％ (46/58) (P =0.073) respectively.Testa triticum tricum purif therapy significantly improved the proportion of spontaneous bowel movement (SBM) ≥ 3 times/week from 43.55％ (27/62) to 80.33％ (49/61),83.61％ (51/61) and 93.22％ (55/59) at 2,4,and 8 weeks respectively (all P＜0.01),which were comparable with PEG4000 group (all P ＞ 0.05).The proportion of normalized stool forms in study group was significant higher than that of control group at the end of 8 weeks [86.44％ (51/59) vs 67.24％ (39/58),P =0.014].Only one patient complained mild abdominal distension during testa triticum tricum purif therapy.Conclusions The efficacy of testa triticum tricum purif for the treatment of FC in late middle-aged and older patients is comparable with osmotic laxatives PEG4000,which has significant effect on normalization of fecal forms and reliable safety.