Objective:To detect drug resistance of bacteria in simple periodontitis.Methods:Bacteria from periodontal pocket were cultured and identified with the aerobic,anaerobic and L-form bacterium series of synchronism culture technology in 138 patients with simple periodontitis. Drug resistance of bacteria was detected with a fast chemosensitivity test.Results:135 bacterium strains were found in 138 samples (97.82%),multiple bacterial infecton rate was 81.48%,and penicillin resistancce rate was 90.37%.Conclusion:Multiple bacterial synergistic infection is principal in the simple periodontitis.Heigher curative rate may be obtained if treat the disease according to drug resistance analysis.

Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents in the roots of Angelica dahurica var.formosana.Methods: The dried rhizomes of Angelica dahurica var.formosana were chopped and extracted with 80% EtOH for 3 times under reflux.The EtOH extract was isolated by chromatography on silica gel using a gradient solvent system(PE:EtOAc & CHCl_3MeOH) and Sephadex LH-20.The structures of the contents were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance and MS spectral analysis.Results: Seventeen compounds were identified,namely,isoimperatorin(1),imperatorin(2),bergapten(3),alloimperatorin(4),xanthotoxol(5),cnidilin(6),byakangelicin(7),bergaptol(8),byakangelicol(9),pabulenol(10),oxypeucedanin hydrate(11),desmodimine(12),palmitic acid(13),stiamasterol(14),?-sitosterol(15),?-daucosterin(16),and sucrose(17).Conclusion: Compounds 8 and 12 have been isolated from Angelica dahurica var.formosana for the first time.Compound 12 has been firstly isolated from Umbelifera plants.All the courmarin compounds belong to linear 6,7-furanocourmarins.

Objective To evaluate the results of less invasive surgical treatment of high energy tibial plateau fracture, which involves limited open reduction, percutaneous screw fixation and Hybrid external fixation. Methods From 1999 to 2002, 12 cases of high energy tibial plateau fracture were treated with Hybrid external fixation. They were 8 males and 4 females. According to Schatzker classification, there were 9 cases of Type Ⅴand 3 cases of Type Ⅵin the group. The average age of the patients was 39.3 years old (ranging from 27 to 48). Results All were followed up for an average of 15 months (ranging from 6 to 27). All the fractures got united, with an average healing time of 3.2 months. All patients achieved 0 to 5 degrees of extension and more than 100 degrees of flexion. The patients had an average knee score of 88.7 and an average functional score of 85.2(Knee Society clinical rating system). 1 case had infection of pin holes, and 2 knees had Grade 2 arthrosis at radiographic check up two years after the operation. Conclusion Hybrid external fixation combined with limited open reduction is appropriate for treatment of the complex tibial fractures, especially those with a poor soft tissue envelope.

Objective Unstable intertrochanteric hip fractures are characterized by comminution of the posteromedial cortex and a fragment of variable size containing the lesser trochanter. This paper is to discuss whether it is necessary to perform reduction and fixation for this fragment. Methods 67 cases of intertrochanteric fractures were treated by dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation between March 2001 and September 2002 and followed up for a minimum of 1 year. Their treatment results were retrospectively analyzed. Results No nonunion, coxa vara or failure of internal fixation occurred in all these patients. Conclusion If DHS provides stability, screw fixation of the lesser trochanteric fragment is unnecessary.

Objective:To evaluate p53,c erbB 2,p21 and nm23 oncoprotein expression in diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.Methods:The expression of p53,c erbB 2,p21 and nm23 oncoproteins was detected with immunohistochemical method in 63 surgically resected specimens and its endoscopic biopsy specimens of gastric cancer.Results:The positive rates of p53,c erbB 2,p21 and nm23 oncoprotein expression were 37 6%～46 2%,34 6%～56 8%,37 8%～61 5%,70 3%～30 8% respectively.Oncoprotein expression was not observed in non tumor endoscopic biopsy specimens.The expression of c erbB 2,p21 was correlated with grade of tumor differentiation and the expression of p21,nm23 oncoproteins was correlated with the depth of tumor invasion and clinical different stage,namely tumor metastasis.Positive rates of p53,c erbB 2,p21 and nm23 oncoproteins between biopsy and resected specimens was of coincidence.Conclusion:Determination of p53,c erbB 2,p21 and nm23 oncoprotein expression was might be useful in diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer,differentiating benign and malignant tumor and clinical stages,of gastric cancer. [

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the expression of VEGF and the lymph node metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.MethodsVEGF was detected by immunohistochemistry in 24 cases of colorectal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis and 16 case of colorectal carcinoma without lymph node metastasis.CD34 was used as a marker to evaluate the MVD.All the data were analyzed using 10.1 statistical package.The comparison was performed by x2 test and Spearman rank correlation analysis.The level of significance is α =0.05.Resultsin the 40 cases of colorectal carcinoma,24 cases encountered lymph node metastasis with an MVD (40.65 ± 11.80) and 21 cases were VEGF positive (87.5％).In the 16 cases without metastasis,the MVD was (25.02 ± 11.52) and 4 cases were VEGF positive (25.0％).MVD and VEGF were significantly different between thecases with lymph node metastasis and those without (t =-4.138,x2 =16.00,P ＜0.01 ).In the 40 cases,there were 25 cases with positive VEGF with an MVD (41.33 ± 11.61 ) and 15 cases with negative VEGF with and MVD (22.84 ±8.88).The difference between the cases with positive VEGF and those with negative VEGF (t =5.301,P ＜0.05 ).VEGF level was positive correlated with MVD in the colon cancer ( rs =0.539,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion VEGF may play a role in promoting the lymph node metastasis of colorectal carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic outcome of expanded scalp flaps pedicled with superficial temporal vessel for the reconstruction of large facial defects. Method: From Dec 2014 to Oct 2016, 10 cases with large facial skin defects were treated with expanded scalp flaps pedicled with superficial temporal vessel and delayed laser hair removal.Extra expanded scalp flaps were collected as experimental groups. Normal skin(forehead, temporal scalp, cheek, upper eyelid, lower eyelid and nasal dorsum)of 10 cases were collected for control, to compare skin thickness.All patients were followed at least 6 months. Results: There was no significant difference of skin thickness between the expanded scalp flaps and cheek, forehead, nasal dorsum skin(P>0.05). But upper eyelid and lower eyelids skin was significantly thinner than other local skin tissuein controls, and expanded scalp flap (P<0.05). The expanded scalp flap matched well with surrounding tissues in color, texture and thickness. Conclusions It is a good option to repair large facial skin defects with expanded scalp flaps, pedicled with superficial temporal vessel, and laser hair removal, though its shortcoming in eyelid skin defect repairment.

OBJECTIVETo explore the interaction between P311 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in murine fibroblasts and its effect on the function of fibroblasts.

METHODSSkin fibroblasts obtained from five neonatal P311 wild-type C57BL/6 mice and P311 gene knock-out C57BL/6 mice were cultured. The second passage of fibroblasts were used in the following experiments. All experiments were repeated for 3 times. (1) The fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice were divided into blank control group and P311 over-expression group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 36 wells in each group. Fibroblasts in blank control group were transfected with 10 μL control vector, and fibroblasts in P311 over-expression group were transfected with equal efficiency P311 expression adenovirus vector. After being cultured for 48 hours, the mRNA expression level of P311, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and collagen type I of fibroblasts in both groups were determined with real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting (the same detection methods below), respectively. (2) After cultured reaching the cell density of 80%-90%, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1, α-SMA, and collagen type I of the fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice and P311 gene knock-out mice, with 4 flasks in each type of fibroblasts, were determined. (3) The fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice were divided into blank control group and 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 ng/mL TGF-β1 groups after being starved treatment with DMEM medium containing 1% FBS for 3 hours, with 2 flasks in each group. Fibroblasts in blank control group were routinely cultured, while fibroblasts in the latter five groups were treated with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 ng/mL TGF-β1, respectively. After being cultured for 48 hours, the mRNA expression levels of P311 in fibroblasts of the six groups were determined. Another fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice were divided into blank control group and 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 group, with 6 wells in each group, and the protein expression levels of P311 in both groups were determined by immunofluorescence staining. (4) The fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice were divided into blank control group and 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 group after being starved treatment as above, with 2 flasks in each group, and fibroblasts in blank control group were routinely cultured, while fibroblasts in the latter group were treated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1. After being cultured for 48 hours, the mRNA and protein expression levels of α-SMA and collagen type Ⅰ were determined. The fibroblasts of P311 gene knock-out mice were grouped and treated as above, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of α-SMA and collagen type I were determined. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and t test.

RESULTS(1) The mRNA expression level of P311 of fibroblasts in P311 over-expression group was increased nearly 300 000-fold compared with that in blank control group (t=9.942, P<0.001). The mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, α-SMA, and collagen type I of fibroblasts in P311 over-expression group, and the protein expression levels of pro-TGF-β1, activated TGF-β1, α-SMA, and collagen type I of fibroblasts in P311 over-expression group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (with t values from 8.192 to 49.090, P values below 0.01). (2) The mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, α-SMA, and collagen type I in fibroblasts of P311gene knock-out mice were significantly lower than those in fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice (with t values from 8.157 to 22.270, P values below 0.01). The protein expression levels of pro-TGF-β1, α-SMA, and collagen type I in fibroblasts of P311 gene knock-out mice were significantly lower than those in fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice (with t values from 2.995 to 12.600, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the protein expression levels of active TGF-β1 were similar in two types of fibroblasts (t=1.070, P>0.05). (3) The mRNA expression levels of P311 of fibroblasts in blank control group and 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ng/mL TGF-β1 groups were 1.28 ± 0.44, 3.61 ± 0.91, 6.64 ± 0.92, 6.58 ± 1.04, 1.79 ± 0.31, 0.16 ± 0.06, respectively. Compared to the mRNA expression level of P311 of fibroblasts in the blank control group, the mRNA expression levels of P311 of fibroblasts in 5 and 20 ng/mL TGF-β1 groups were similar (with t values respectively 2.302 and 0.955, P values above 0.05), while they were significantly higher in 10 and 15 ng/mL TGF-β1 groups (with t values respectively 5.630 and 4.710, P values below 0.001), and they were significantly lower in 25 ng/mL TGF-β1 group (t=2.509, P<0.01). The protein expression level of P311 of fibroblasts in 10 ng/mL group was higher than that in blank control group. (4) The mRNA and protein expression levels of α-SMA and collagen type I of fibroblasts of P311 wild-type mice in 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (with t values from 3.523 to 14.290, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of α-SMA and collagen type I of fibroblasts of P311 gene knock-out mice in 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (with t values from 4.895 to 14.870, P<0.05 or P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe interaction between P311 and TGF-β1 in murine fibroblasts exists and it may enhance the differentiation of fibroblasts in combination.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Organ shortage is one of the important factors restricting the development of human organ transplantation. The identification and referral of potential donors determine the total scale of organ donation. Whether potential donors can be identified and referred is the most important reason for the difference of organ donation rates in different regions. This paper interprets the chapter of the identification and referral of potential donors in the Guide to the Quality and Safety of Organs for Transplantation (6th edition) issued by European Union in order to provide reference for the staff of organ procurement organization and related medical personnel in China and improve the organ donation rate in China.

Liposomes mimic natural cell membranes and have long been investigated as drug carriers due to excellent entrapment capacity, biocompatibility and safety. Despite the success of parenteral liposomes, oral delivery of liposomes is impeded by various barriers such as instability in the gastrointestinal tract, difficulties in crossing biomembranes, and mass production problems. By modulating the compositions of the lipid bilayers and adding polymers or ligands, both the stability and permeability of liposomes can be greatly improved for oral drug delivery. This review provides an overview of the challenges and current approaches toward the oral delivery of liposomes.