OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effects of total flavone from Prunus cerasifera fruits(PCE)on alcoholic liver disease(ALD)in rats,and provide experimental basis for developing new medicines for anti-ALD. METHODS:40 rats were ran-domly divided into normal group(distilled water),model group(distilled water),silibinin group [positive control,30 mg/(kg·d)] and PCE high-dose,low-dose groups [80,40 mg/(kg·d)],8 in each group. All rats were intragastrically administrated(10 mL/kg) every morning,once,for 6 weeks;meanwhile,except for normal group,rats in other groups received 50% alcohol(10 mL/kg) once intragastrically every afternoon to induce ALD model. After administration,heart,liver,spleen and other organ indexes,sub-cutaneous fat,brown fat,abdominal fat indexes were determined,as well as serum biochemical indexes [glutamate transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),direct bilirubin(DBIL),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),gamma-glu-tamyl transpeptidase(GGT),and total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipopro-tein (LDL)] level and liver biochemical indexes [superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),TC,TG] and TC,TG levels in feces;pathological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,heart,liver,spleen indexes,subcutaneous fat,abdominal fat indexes in model group were in-creased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),brain index and brown fat index were decreased(P<0.05);HDL level and HDL/TC ratio in serum were decreased,other serum indexes were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);SOD,GSH-Px levels in liver tissue were decreased, other above-mentioned liver biochemical indexes were increased(P<0.01);TC,TG levels in feces were increased(P<0.01);liv-er and kidney showed obvious lesions. Compared with model group,the above-mentioned indexes in silibinin group and PCE high-dose group were significantly improved (P<0.05 or P<0.01);ALT,AST in serum and MDA level in liver tissue in PCE low-dose group were significantly decreased(P<0.01),and SOD,GSH-Px levels in liver tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05);lesion degree of liver and kidney and lipid accumulation in liver were reduced in administration groups. CONCLUSIONS:PCE may play a role in anti-ALD by anti-oxidation,promoting liver cell regeneration and regulating lipid metabolism.

Objective To investigate the effects of 3-N-butylphthalide ( NBP ) pretreatment on the score of neurological deficit , oxidative stress and pathomorphology in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury ( CIRI ) . Methods Ninety male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group ( Sham group ) , model group ( IR group), NBP pretreatment low dose group (NBPⅠgroup), NBP pretreatment middle dose group(NBPⅡgroup) and NBP pretreatment high dose group(NBPⅢgroup), 18 rats per group.Pretreatment was given once a day within 1 week before establishing the model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury .The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO) was subjected by suture method .The score of neurological deficit was executed after ischemia for 2h and reperfusion for 24h in all the rats.The cerebral infarction was observed by TTC staining .The pathologic change of brain was observed by HE staining under the microscope .Hydroxylamine method was used to detect activity of SOD , chemical colorimetry method was used to measure activity of GSH-PX, and TBA method was used to detect content of MDA .Results (1) In Sham group, the score of neurological deficit and the percentage of infarction volume were zero , the morphology of nerve cell was regular , and activity of SOD, GSH-PX and content of MDA of brain tissue were normal .(2) Compared with IR group , the score of neurological deficit was significantly reduced in NBP pretreatment groups (all P<0.01); the score of neurological deficit was decreased progressively in turn in NBP Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲgroup (all P<0.05).(3) Compared with IR group, the percentage of infarction volume was cut down progressively in turn in NBPⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲgroup (all P<0.05), and neuron injury was also induced obviously in NBP pretreatment groups .(4) Activity of SOD, GSH-PX was largely increased , and content of MDA was greatly decreased in NBP pretreatment groups ( P<0.01 ) .Activity of SOD , GSH-PX went up progressively in turn , and contents of MDA were cut down progressively in turn in NBP Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲgroup ( all P<0.05 ) .Conclusion 3-N-butylphthalide can significantly up-regulate the activity of SOD and GSH-PX, decrease the content of MDA , reduce the percentage of infarction volume , and relieve the damage of nerve cell to preventively protect the rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury .

Objective To discuss the treatment and clinical results of acetabular fracture. Method Clinical data of 78 cases of acetabular fracture was analyzed retrospectively on treatment methods and clinical effects from August 1988 to December 2007, 41 cases were performed operation and 37 cases were performed non-operative management. Result The treatment effects were excellent in 43 cases, good in 22 cases, fair in 10 cases, poor in 2 cases and dead in 1 cases, with a good rate of 83.3%, and 20 cases had complications: 1 posterior dislocations of hip, 13 posttraumatic arthritis, 1 incisional infection, 5 ectopic ossi-fication. Conclusions It is very important to choose appropriate treatment methods by judging the real state of acetabular fractureexactly. Acetabular reconstruction plate is convenient, safe, and reliable in treat-ment of posterior wall and superior wall fractures.

Objective To observe microvascular architecture and free radical metabolism in hippocampus after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and to explore the effect of NBP (3-n-butylphthalide). Methods Fifty-four SD rats were ran?domly divided into NBP pretreatment group, ischemia/reperfusion group and sham operation group (n=18 in each group). The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was established by suture method. The neurological scores were counted and the volume of infarction was measured;TA-Fe method was applied to observe the microvascular architecture of hippo?campus, Mivnt image analysis system was used to analyze the microvessel density(MVD)and the microvessel area density (MVA)of hippocampus quantitatively;The activity of SOD and content of MDA were measured by colorimetric method. Re?sults Compared to the ischemia reperfusion(IR)group, the neurological scores and the volume of infarction were decreased sharply in NBP group. What′s more, the activity of SOD, MVD and MVA were all enhanced but the content of MDA and the count of closed microvessels were both reduced(P < 0.01). Conclusion NBP can improve microvascular architecture of hippocampus and reduce the free radical injury. There is a protective effect on hippocampus of rats who suffered focal cere?bral ischemia reperfusion.

Objective To evaluate a model of management for chronic pain disease coordinated community health services and district hospital. Methods The epidemiology of chronic pain disease was surveyed in Haotao community of Zhongshan, before and after the establishment of the model of management. Results The prevalence rate of chronic pain disease was 51.83%, in which it was 47.06% in men, and 57.32% in women. After the establishment of the model, the efficacy of good to excellent improved from 30.22% to 67.08%, the cost for medicine reduced 36.16%, time for rest reduced from 32.42 d to 15.25 d (P<0.05). Conclusion The model of management that coordinated community health services and district hospital, including demonstration diagnosis and treatment through internet, tele-consultations and health education, is effective on chronic pain disease.

Objective To study the effect of black granule capsules(BGCs) on growth of transplanted mouse hepatocarcinoma cells, cell proliferation cycle and apoptosis.Methods KM mouse were subcutaneously inoculated with Hepatocarcinoma cells (H22) and randomly divided into the model control group, the positive control group, the low, medium and high does of BGC group after 24h. The positive control group received intraperitoneal injection with 30 mg/kg cyclophosphamide. Mice of BGC groups were intragastricaly with different dosage of BGC (400, 800, 1 600 mg/kg). The model control group received intragastricaly with normal saline. The drugs were administrated once a day for seven days. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated at 24 h after the last administration. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes of cell cycle and apoptosis in harvested H22 tumor cells.Results The group of high does showed significant inhibitory effect on the growth of transplanted H22 tumor cells withthe inhibitory rate 38.78% (male) and 43.57% (female). Compared with model control group, groups of different dosages decreased time of G0-G1 phase (58.06% ± 9.65%, 55.10% ± 5.89%, 61.36% ± 15.95%vs. 74.47% ± 2.63%), increased tiem of Sphase (33.96% ± 11.90%, 32.67% ± 4.04%, 33.89% ± 9.82%vs. 14.37% ± 4.92%), and increased the apoptosis rate (31.12% ± 1.85%, 31.89% ± 2.16%, 40.64% ± 0.55%vs.21.75% ± 2.64%).Conclusion BGC has antitumor effect on mouse hepatocarcinoma H22 tumor cells, and its mechanism was to regulate cell proliferation cycle and induce the apoptosis.

Objective: This research studied the clinical manifestation, classification and countermeasure of nipple ischemia after the corrective surgery of congenitally inverted nipples using a tractor. Methods: From October 2014 to October 2016, the symptoms, treatments and outcomes of postsurgical nipple ischemia (n=81) of 43 patients were collected and analyzed to propose a clinical classification theory. Results: This theory divided nipple ischemia into 3 categories of incidence: Grade Ⅰ at 13.58% (11/81), Grade Ⅱ at 11.11% (9/81), and Grade Ⅲ at 2.47% (2/81). After changing dressing for 7-34 days (the average of 15 days), all GradeⅡand Ⅲ wounds healed eventually. Conclusions The clinical classification theory of nipple ischemia can provide significant guidance for clinical observations, treatments and prognosis.

The skin, the largest organ in the body, undergoes age-related changes influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The primary external factor is photoaging which causes hyperpigmentation, uneven skin surface, deep wrinkles, and markedly enlarged capillaries. In the human dermis, it decreases fibroblast function, resulting in a lack of collagen structure and also decreases keratinocyte function, which compromises the strength of the protective barrier. In this study, we found that treatment with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) had no toxicity to skin fibroblasts and GABA enhanced their migration ability, which can accelerate skin wound healing. UVB radiation was found to significantly induce the production of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), but treatment with GABA resulted in the inhibition of MMP-1 production. We also investigated the enhancement of filaggrin and aquaporin 3 in keratinocytes after treatment with GABA, showing that GABA can effectively improve skin moisturization. In vivo experiments showed that oral administration of GABA significantly improved skin wrinkles and epidermal thickness. After the intake of GABA, there was a significant decrease observed in the increase of skin thickness measured by calipers and erythema. Additionally, the decrease in skin moisture and elasticity in hairless mice exposed to UVB radiation was also significantly restored. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of GABA as functional food material for improving skin aging and moisturizing.

Objective:The traction method for correcting congenital nipple inversion was observed to induce varying degrees of hemodynamic compromise in the nipple skin microcirculation after surgery. In this study, the laser Doppler scattering flowmetry was employed to measure the postoperative nipple skin microcirculation perfusion to verify the difference in nipple skin microcirculation perfusion with different grades of hemodynamic disorders. Furthermore, we aimed to describe the trend of postoperative nipple skin microcirculation perfusion and to elucidate the patterns of nipple breast skin microcirculation in healthy women.Methods:From October 2016 to October 2022, the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital performed traction correction of 72 congenital inverted nipples using wire braces in 37 women. The age of the patients in the surgical group ranged from 21 to 51 years with a mean age of 27.4±1.8 years. Concurrently, the control group consisted of 65 normal nipples of 34 healthy women aged between 18 to 50 years (mean age 26.5±1.7 years). In both groups, nipple and areola skin microcirculatory perfusion was measured using a laser Doppler scatter flow meter PeriCam PSI system. The control group underwent a single measurement whereas the surgical group was evaluated three times postoperatively at two days, five days, and one month.Results:In the control group, the mean value of nipple skin microcirculation perfusion was 137.77±22.94, significantly higher than that for breast skin, which stood at 68.94±10.43 ( t=-14.116, P<0.001). The mean value of nipple skin microcirculation perfusion in the surgical group was 179.57±41.48 at two days postoperatively, which resulted in a significant increase in postoperative nipple skin microcirculation perfusion compared to the control group nipple skin microcirculation perfusion (137.77±22.94), and a decrease in nipple skin microcirculation perfusion at five days postoperatively (167.28±38.16), which was normalized at one month postoperatively (131.45±39.64). Notably, instances of hemodynamic disturbances such as skin breakdown or partial necrosis, the nipple skin microcirculation perfusion were significantly reduced (118.63±58.66), supporting the postoperative nipple hemodynamic classification. Conclusions:The nipple skin microcirculation perfusion in healthy female is significantly higher than breast skin microcirculation perfusion. Surgical interventions for correcting congenital inverted nipples markedly enhance nipple skin microcirculatory perfusion, though the perfusion rate is prone to reduction in the case of postoperative hemodynamic disorders, manifesting as nipple skin breakdown or localized necrosis. The integrity of nipple skin can be used as a crucial metric for clinical evaluation. Notably, following postoperative dressing changes, all instances of nipple skin breakdowns heal with the microcirculation perfusion values reverting to normal by one month.

Hair growth cycles are mainly regulated by human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and human outer root sheath cells (hORSCs).Protecting hDPCs from excessive oxidative stress and hORSCs from glycogen phosphorylase (PYGL) is crucial to maintaining the hair growth phase, anagen. In this study, we developed a new PYGL inhibitor, hydroxytrimethylpyridinyl methylindolecarboxamide (HTPI) and assessed its potential to prevent hair loss. HTPI reduced oxidative damage, preventing cell death and restored decreased level of anagen marker ALP and its related genes induced by hydrogen peroxide in hDPCs. Moreover, HTPI inhibited glycogen degradation and induced cell survival under glucose starvation in hORSCs. In ex-vivo culture, HTPI significantly enhanced hair growth compared to the control with minoxidil showing comparable results. Overall, these findings suggest that HTPI has significant potential as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of hair loss.