Objective To investigate the expression of induced heat shock protein (HSP) 70 in rat′s retinal neurons (RNs) and M?ller cells, and evaluate the protective effect of HSP 70 on RNs injured with glucose deprivation and glutamate. Methods Rat′s RNs and M?ller cells cultured in vitro were treated with heat shock (42℃ for 1 hour), and duration of the expression of HSP70 was detected by immunocytochemical techniques. Viability of the cells was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) chromatometry after incitant toxic injury with glucose deprivation (0.56 mmol/L glucose for 6 hours) and glutamate (100 ?mol/L for 6 hours). Simultaneously, the expression was interdicted by HSP70. Results Hypereffective expression of HSP70 was found in cultured RNs and M?ller cells after heat shock. The viability of RNs pretreated by heat shock after injured with glucose deprivation and glutamate significantly increased which could be interdicted by HSP70 antibody. Conclusion Hypereffective expression of HSP 70 may be induced by heat shock, which enhances the ability of tolerance of RNs to the incitant toxic injury by glucose deprivation and exitotoxicity.

Objective To determine the difference of global indices of retinal thickness at posterior pole in primary and suspected glaucoma. Methods Forty five global indices of analysis on retinal thickness at posterior pole in every case, including 12 cases of primary open angle glaucoma and 11 cases of suspected glaucoma were obtained by advanced retinal thickness analyzer. Every index was also compared. Results There were significant differences between primary and suspected glaucoma in foveal shape deviation (FSD), foveal corrected thickness deviation (FCTD), foveal fixation corrected thickness deviation (FFD), foveola thickness deviation (VTD), corrected foveola thickness deviation (CVTD), peri foveal abnormally thin area (PFATN), posterior pole pattern deviation (PPPD), and posterior pole abnormally thin area (PPATN). Conclusion There are significant difference of morphologic indices of retinal thickness at posterior pole between primary and suspected glaucoma.

Objective To detect the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in immunostimulated retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells to seek for the supplying of the arginine, a substrate for NOS; as well as the effects of produced NO on the tight junction of RPE-J cells. Methods Rat′s RPE-J cells were treated with interferon-?(INF-?), tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Northern and Western blotting were applied to analyze the expression of the citrulline-NO cycle enzymes and related enzymes and the effect of dexamethasone and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) on the expression of iNOS. Immunocytochemistry reaction and Western blotting were used to evaluate the effect of produced NO on the tight junctions of RPE-J cells. Results iNOS and argininosuccinate synthetase (AS) were highly induced at both mRNA and protection levels in immunostimulated RPE cells while arginiosuccinate lyase (AL) was not induced. NO was produced by cells after stimulation with TNF?, IFN? and LPS. The induction of iNOS mRNA and the production of NO by these immunostimulated cells was further enhanced by cAMP. NO was produced from citrulline as well as from arginine. And the produced NO impaired the tight junction of RPE-J cells, decreased the production of tight junction related protein ZO-1. Conclusion In activated RPE-J cells, citrulline-arginine recycling is important for NO production, and the produced NO weakened the function of tight junction of RPE-J cells.

BACKGROUND: Apelin/APJ system has a wide range of physiological functions,but its intracellular signal transduction,in particular,apelin receptor desensitization,internalization,resensitization degradation,have still no consistent opinion.OBJECTIVE: To construct eukaryotic expression vector expressing human apelin receptor(APJ)tagged to red fluorescent protein(pDsRED-express-C1),and to determine the expression in human embryo kidney 293 cells.METHODS: The plasmid pcDNA3.1-hAPJ was used as a template for PCR amplification of human APJ.Following PCR amplification the PCR product were removed and enzymatic digestion with EcoR I and BamH I.Same enzymes were used to cut vector pDsRED-express-C1.The digestive product was ligated by conventional methods of connection,then transfected into Competent E.coli TOP10.Single clones were picked plasmid extraction,followed by restriction enzyme digestion and finally DNA sequencing.The recombinant plasmid with correct sequencing was transfected into human embryonic kidney cells,PI staining,followed by the observation under a confocal microscope.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: PCR amplified a 1.2-kb fragment,which was consistent with the expected size of the human APJ.The pDsRed-hAPJ recombinant plasmid was cut into two fragments,one corresponded to the pDsRED-express-C1 vector size,and the other fragment corresponded to APJ target fragment.Confocal microscopy analysis showed that,APJ was expressed mainly in the membrane of human embryo kidney 293 cells.The pDeRed-hAPJ eukaryotic plasmid expression vector was successfully constructed and effective expression of this fusion protein is achieved,which might be instrumental in the study of displacement and intracellular localization of human APJ.

Objective To analyze the effect of PDCA cycle quality management model on multi-drug resistant organism (MDROs) infec-tion control in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital. Methods From March, 2013 to December, 2015, targeted surveillance of MDROs infection control was performed with PDCA cycle quality control. The MDROs detection rate, the awareness rate of MDROs prevention and control, the rate of doctor issuing isolation orders and execution rate of medical sanitation disinfection and isolation were analyzed. Results The de-tection rates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased (χ2>3.922, P<0.05), while no significant difference was found in the detection rate of multidrug-resistance Acinetobacter baumanii (χ2=8.775, P=0.071). The awareness rate of MDROs prevention and control, the rate of doctor issuing isolation orders and execution rate of medical sanitation dis-infection and isolation significantly improved (χ2>399.17, P<0.001). Conclusion PDCA cycle quality management model played an impor-tant role in the prevention and control of MDROs in rehabilitation hospital.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of treadmill testing guided-rehabilitation exercises upon quality of life (QOL) of patients who underwent revascularization for coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods All the participants received routine therapy and rehabilitation for 6 weeks.A 36-item short-form (SF-36) was used to assess QOL of the patients.Results Injured functioning of patients who received revascularization for CHD were physiological function ( 37.86 ),social function ( 43.67 ),vitality (45.58),physical performance ( 65.45 ),mental health ( 68.73 ),role emotion ( 71.30 ),physical pain ( 79.52 ),and general health ( 86.75 ).After intervention,physiology function ( 37.86 ± 8.49 vs 62.13 ± 10.53 ),social function (43.67 ±26.23 vs 56.98 ± 18.89),vitality (45.58 ±27.01 vs 77.42 ±23.48),and physical pain (79.52 ±9.05 vs 87.32 ± 13.14) were significantly improved.Conclusion Rehabilitation exercises and behavioral psychological treatment may be beneficial to improve QOL of patients undergoing revascularization for CHD.

Objective To study the effect and possible mechanism of Apelin in candate on the pain behavior of rat. Methods Tail flick latency(TFL)of rat was taken as pain threshold and radiant heat as nociceptive stimulus. Microinjected Apelin into rat's caudate to observe the effect of Apelin on modulating of pain in CNS and then to study the interaction between Apelin and morphine in modulation of pain.And the contents of cAMP and cGMP in candate tissue and blood plasma were detected.Results Compared with control groups,the pain threshold of rat decreased when Apelin Was injected into caudate alone.Injected 0.5μl Apelin of 10~(-4) moL/L into rat caudate 10 min later,the pain threshold of rat Was reduced(-9.22±1.26)%and 40 min later(-16.95±1.46)%compared with normal saline group(-0.32±1.2)%,(0.17±0.80)%),and it had statistical significance(P<0.01).The contents of cAMP in caudate Was(14.08±2.25)nmol/g and blood plasma(19.94± 4.43)nmol/L compared with normal saline(133.05±20.41)nmol/g,(38.66±6.73)nmol/L,and they had statistical significance(P<0.01).Conclusions Apelin can facilitate the pain behavior of rat induced by radiant heat stimulus and consequently plays a hyperalgesia role in CNS.Apelin may have interaction with morphine and display its hyperalgesia effect through the intracellular second messenger cAMP.

A comprehensive analytical method based on solid phase extraction-isotope dilution-gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for the determination of musk xylene in cosmetics. Various cosmetic samples, including cream, lotion, powder, shampoo and lipstick, were extracted under ultrasonication. The extract was centrifuged, and the upper solution was concentrated by rotary evaporator. The reconstructed solution was then cleaned up by Sep-Pak Silica solid phase extraction cartridge. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out under the MRM mode after the chromatographic separation on DB-5 MS(30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) capillary column. The limit of quantitation(LOQ) for musk xylene was 5 μg/kg. The mean recoveries at the three spiked levels of 5-50 μg/kg were 81.1%-86.9%, with the intra-day precision less than 10% and the inter-day precision less than 12%. The method is accurate, rapid, sensitive and adapt to the inspection of musk xylene in cosmetics.

Mesocotyl elongation is a key trait influencing seedling emergence and establishment in direct-seeding rice cultivation. The phytohormone gibberellin (GA) has positive effects on mesocotyl elongation in rice. However, the physiological and molecular basis underlying the regulation of mesocotyl elongation mediated by GA priming under deep-sowing conditions remains largely unclear. In the present study, we performed a physiological and comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of the function of GA priming in mesocotyl elongation and seedling emergence using a direct-seeding