Objective To explore the influence on college students' contrast sensitivity how dual N-back working memory training task based on Gabor,and to provide new training method for improving the contrast sensitivity.Methods 42 college students were randomly divided into three groups:a control group (17 students) ; a working memory training group (13 students) ; and a Gabor orientation training group (12 students).The control group received no training,while the working memory training group and the Gabor orientation training group received N-back working memory training and Gabor training,respectively,over three weeks (5 days a week,approx.half an hour per day).The above-mentioned two training methods performed with the same visual stimulus,i.e.,the Gabor patch with a fixed spatial frequency and contrast.The contrast sensitivity of the 42 students was measured and recorded using OPTEC6500 before and after training.Results In the working memory training group,a salient gain in contrast sensitivity was observed after the training (before:(1.48 ± 0.26) log,after:(1.87 ± 0.13)log),with a statistically significant difference (t =-6.20,P ＜ 0.05),while both the Gabor orientation training group (before:(1.75 ± 0.19) log,after:(1.68 ± 0.30) log) and the control group (before:(1.67 ±0.25) log,after:(1.61 ± 0.26) log)) showed no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05) in terms of contrast sensitivity.Conclusion N-back working memory training shows a positive effect on improving contrast sensitivity in Gabor identification training,and can be used as a means to improve contrast sensitivity.

Over 3 000 pictures on five major parasites(schistosome,filaria,hookworm,leishmania and plas-modium)collected between 1950 and 1990 were edited and a searching system was established. The data can be used with a network-based version through a LAN system in the Institute. The adoption of Digital Computerized Management makes it possible for sharing resources in human parasitology.

BACKGROUND:Excessive mechanical stimulation can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Endoplasmic reticulum stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of degenerative diseases. Caspase-12 is a specific molecule of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the intensity of endoplasmic reticulum stress can be reflected by caspase-12 expression. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression rule of Caspase-12 in chondrocytes under the cyclic tensile stress. METHODS:Human chondrocytes were used as test subjects. After group assignment, mechanical loading system was used. The loading group and corresponding Z-ATAD-FMK inhibitor group received 2, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours of mechanical stimulation. The blank group (0 hour) and the paired Z-ATAD-FMK inhibitor group received the same process as the loading group except the loading. After loading, cel morphology and growth were observed under the microscope. RT-PCR and western blot assay were used to detect the expression changes of caspase-12 gene and protein in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Morphological observation results demonstrated that apoptosis appeared at 2 hours after loading, peaked at 24 hours. With prolonged time, cel growth showed the trend along stress, but apoptosis weakened. It is indicated that cyclic tensile stress could make chondrocyte apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress might be activated. The model of cel s in vitro was established successful y. (2) Caspase-12 gene and protein expression showed consistent trend, and peaked at 24 hours, which showed significant differences as compared with the blank and inhibitor groups (P<0.05). (3) Cyclic tensile stress can induce chondrocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress, and affect caspase-12 expression.

Objective:To investigate the craniofacial features in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD).Methods:The facial features,cervical vertebral bone age and skeletal abnormalities of 8 patients with CCD were studied by analyzing facial photos,cephalo-metric and panoramic radiographs.Results:4 patients were in the early growth stage and the other 4 in the late period of development. The bossing forehead and inclined eye fissure were observed in all patients,but underdevelopment of midfaces were not obviously pres-ented in younger patients.Morphological abnormalities of craniofacial bones,such as ascending ramus,coronoid process,nasal bones and disappearence of gonial angle were observed in all patients.Conclusion:Some craniofacial malformations in patients with CCD may be presented earlier than underdeveloped midface,which can be helpful for early diagnosis of CCD.

Objective To observe the effect of Tangbi Capsules(TC)on ultrastructure of sciatic nerve in diabetic rats.Methods SD diabetic rat models were induced by one-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(50 mg/kg).Then the diabetic rats were randomized into 5 groups: model group,high-and low-dose TC groups(in the dose of 1 and 0.5 g?kg-1?d-1 respectively),mecobalamin(250 ?g?kg-1?d-1)group,and the combination group(receiving TC 0.5 g?kg-1?d-1 and mecobalamin 250 ?g?kg-1?d-1).Meanwhile,the normal control group was also set up.After treatment for 4 weeks,the changes of utrastructure of sciatic nerve in different groups were observed under electron microscope.Results The pathological changes of sciatic nerve in diabetic rats were similar with the clinical peripheral neuropathy.The protective effect on sciatic nerve in high-dose TC group was superior to that in low-dose TC group and mecobalamin group,and the combination group had the best protective effect.Conclusion TC exerts certain protective effect on diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and nursing measures of infection in hospital ICU,and to provide the refer-ence for clinical nursing. Methods From January 2010 to June 2013,116 patients with nosocomial infection in surgical ICU were collected as observation group,and 72 patients with nosocomial infection in the surgery were as the control group. The risk factors of nosocomial infec-tion were retrospectively analyzed,and the problems related to nursing were discussed. Results The nosocomial infection rate was 8. 44% in ICU,which was significantly higher than the surgical infection rate(4. 43%) in general ward (P<0. 05). Whether patients in ICU or surgery ward,respiratory and urinary tract infections were the most common site of nosocomial infection. The mortality rate in ICU was 9. 48%,which was higher than that of nosocomial infection in surgical ward (4. 17%),P<0. 05. The nosocomial infections were obviously related to the age of patients,duration of hospitalization,the invasive operation,antibiotic and immunosuppressive agents and disturbance of consciousness in ICU and general wards (P<0. 01). Conclusion The ICU nosocomial infection rate was significantly higher than that in general ward,the main infection sites are respiratory tract and urinary tract,with a variety of factors,the key is to establish the mechanism of prevention and ef-fective nursing strategy.

In order to establish a simple and useful way for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of chromosomal diseases in general IVF laboratory, the methods that are most commonly used in the embryo biopsy, fixation of blastomere and fluorescence in situ hybridization were compared. The three aspects of PGD were analyzed respectively. There was no significant difference in further development capacity of embryos between mechanical (79.7%) and chemical biopsy group (78.6%) (P>0.05). In this study, more cells were successfully fixed with the Tween/HCL method (93.8%) than with the methanol/acetic acid method (80.5%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in cytoplasm remains between methanol/acetic acid method and Tween/HCL method (P>0.05). The hybridization efficiency of fluorescence in situ hybridization was 89.5% in successive denaturation method and 90.9% in codenaturation method with the difference being not significant (P>0.05). In conclusion, the mechanical or chemical method, Tween/HCL fixation method and codenaturation fluorescence in situ hybridization method can constitute a simple and useful way for PGD of chromosomal diseases.

Objective To evaluate the effects of metabolic factors on the quality of 18F-fluorode oxyglucose (18F-FDG) myocardial metabolic imaging in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Seventy CAD patients aged 60 years or over with T2DM were studied with myocardial 18 F-FDG dual isotope simultaneous acquisition (DISA) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Fasting plasma glucose, total triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-eholesterol(LDL-C), insulin, C peptide and glyeosylated hemoglobia (HbAlc) were detected. Insulin resistance and islet β cell function were calculated by using the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) equation. Results Compared with the bad image quality group (36 cases), patients in the excellent image quality group (34 cases) were younger [with average age of (62.2±8.5) years vs. (67.6±8.3) years, P<0.01] and slimmer [with BMI of (24.7±2.6)kg/m2 vs. (26.1±2.5)kg/m2, P<0.05]. The levels of fasting insulin and C peptide were lower in the excellent image quality group than those in the bad image quality group [with fasting insulin level of 8.3 (5.1～12.4) mIu/L vs. 12.7,(6.1～17.9)mIu/L and C-peptide level of 0.6(0.5～0.9)nmol/L vs. 0.9(0.6～1.2)nmol/L, respectively,both P<0.05]. The HOMA insulin resistant index was reduced in the excellent image group [2.7(1.6～4.0) vs. 4.1(1.7～6.5), P<0.05]. Logistic regression analysis showed that obesity and age≥65 years were independent risk factors for image quality, with OR value of 3.73 (95% CI: 1.12～12.45,P=0.022)and 3.75 (95%CI:0.96～14.6,P=0.058)after adjustment of other metabolic factors. Conclusions Insulin resistance is the main factor that influences the quality of 18F-FDG myocardial metabolic imaging in patients with T2DM. In addition, age≥65 years and obesity are also risk factors for image quality.

BACKGROUND: Many experiments indicate that the angiogenesis of tissue engineered bone graft plays a key role in the osteogenesis.OBJECTIVE: An experimental pattern was set up designed to prepare a kind of vascularized engineered-bone graft for repairing rhesus tibia defects and analyze the relation of angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo by rontgenographic and morphological approaches.DESIGN: Random controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The composite graft was constructed by seeding the induced bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) on to a beta-tricalcium phosphate(3-TCP) scaffold in vitro, a circular cylinder (20 mm × 8 mm diameter) with a slit (width 2 mm and length 3 mm ) open to both ends and slot. Porosity 60% and pore diameter 100-150 μm. Twenty-nine healthy rhesuses aged 4-5 years and weighted 3.5-5 kg were adopted without gender limitation.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfan Hospital, Southern Medical University from October 2003 to July 2005. ①Bone-periosteum defect of 20 mm was made in the middle part of right tibia of the 27 rhesuses, and randomly divided into 3 groups equally. ②The defect gaps in fascia-blood vessel group (A) were plugged with in vitro engineered composites constructed by bone marrow stem cells and 3-TCP scaffold, which were totally hugged by a sheet of pedicled deep fascia and additionally a corresponding portion of saphenous artery and veins. The gaps in fascia group (B) and control group(C), however, were inserted with fascia-coated tissue engineered bone and tissue engineered bone only, respectively. Furthermore, two rhesuses without filling materials on the defect were picked up as blanks fixed by steel pins. ③The angiogenesis and osteogenesis for each treatment was assessed by radioactive imaging, roentgenographic analyses, blocking density and vaso-area image analysis at time intervals of 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperative.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The score of radioactive imaging,roentgenographic, morphological and vaso-area image analyses RESULTS: Totally 29 rhesuses were involved in the result analysis.① General observation of samples: In group A, all the surfaces of the implanted material and the central part were wholly wrapped up or replaced by bonelike tissues which were hard and could not be broken. And 2/3 materials had been absorbed; In group B and C, partial materials of the medial surface and the front were not coated or replaced by bonelike tissues, which could be broken with force, and 1/3 material had been absorbed.②Histological observation of scaffolds: With time passing, the scaffold materials were absorbed to different degrees in group A, B and C, among which, group A was most significant; Under the microscope, the implanted materials at 12 weeks were completely coated with the bonelike tissues, while the blood vessels structures in the materials were mostly alveoli alike and multi-braches. In group B, most of the materials at 12 weeks were wrapped up by the new bone, and few blood vessels could be seen in the center of the materials. In group C, the implanted materials at 12 weeks were slightly absorbed. The new bone and the vascular structures were both increased a little, but still very few.③Analyses of vaso-area: The vaso-areas of both central and peripheral parts in group A were significantly bigger than those of group B and C (P ＜ 0.05). Furthermore, it tended to increase with the time.④X-rays observation: At 12 weeks, group A's images presented obviously decreased density which was lower than that of the normal bone in individual areas and the continual bony callus manifested. Whereas group B and C's images showed slightly decreased density and the continual bony callus appeared on the sections. ⑤The roentgenographic scores of bone defects: The results indicates that the scores of group A was better than those of group B and C at 4, 8 and 12 weeks, respectively (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: ①This study shows that a feasible and effective angiogenesis approach of tissue engineered bone can accelerate osteogenesis in vivo. ②The absorption level is positively related to local angiogenesis.

Objective To investigate the impact of collateral circulation on neurological function and prognosis outcome of patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods Assessed the collateral circulation of 274 patients with acute cerebral infarction from June 2012 to April 2015 in the department of neurology in Worker′s Hospital of Wuzhou using DSA, analyzed patients′ neurological function and prognosis outcome concerning their collateral circulation. Results (1) Impairment of neurological function were different between collateral circulation group and non-collateral circulation group ( P < 0 . 05 ) , but there was no significant difference in neurological impairment between the primary collateral circulation and secondary collateral circulation (P > 0.05). (2)14 and 90 days after treatment, symptoms of neurological impairment in posterior communicating artery, before pial artery, after pial artery and combination artery were significantly improved as with their NIHSS scores (P<0.05). However, symptoms of neurological impairment in anterior communicating artery, arteria ophthalmica and non-collateral circulation did not significantly improved at 14 and 90 days after treatment, with no significantly different NIHSS score (P > 0.05). Conclusions (1) Neurological function of patients with collateral circulation was better without collateral circulation. Grading of collateral circulation had did not relate to neurological function. (2) Prognosis of patients with collateral circulation was improved significantly than the patients without collateral circulation. The types of collateral circulation affect the prognosis of the patients with acute cerebral infarction.