Objective To observe the effects of touching combined with inhalation of atomized traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection.Methods 79 cases were selected according to the inclusion criteria from 105 repeated respiratory traction infection children who were treated in this hospital from September 2008 to August 2009.These cases were randomly recruited into a treatment group(40 cases)and a control group(39 cases).The control group was given conventional therapy at the period of onset,and intensive care at convalescence stage,avoiding cross infection.On this basis.the treatment group was treated with toughing plus inhalation of atomized traditional Chinese medicine at the period of onset.The frequency of respiratory tract infection,duration,appetite,and the condition of sleep were observed after one year's treatment.Results The total effective rate was 92.5%and 67%in the treatment group and the control group respectively,showing significant difference(χ~2=20.16,P＜0.05).Conclusion Touching combined wim inhalation of atomized traditional Chinese medicine is effective in treating recurrent respiratory tract infections in children.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the treatment and diagnosis of congenital median perineal cleft in children.

METHODSBetween January 2009 to February 2013, 7 cases were diagnosed as congenital median perineal cleft according to the symptoms. Among them, 4 cases underwent surgery to correct cleft with double triangular perineal flaps. The other 3 cases with minor cleft did not receive surgery management.

RESULTSThere is an median cleft from the perineum to the anus with mucosa on the cleft surface. Primary healing was achieved in all the four patients with satisfactory appearance. The patients were followed up for 1-4 years with almost normal perineal appearance.

CONCLUSIONSCongenital perineal median cleft can be diagnosed according to the symptoms. Double triangular perineal flaps can be effectively correct the cleft to attain normal perineal appearance.

Adolescent ; Anal Canal ; Child ; Humans ; Perineum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing

Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a sinusoidal or small venous fibrous occlusive disease. This article reviews the research advances in the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, and treatment of SOS, and points out that the pathogenesis of SOS remains unknown and there are no specific therapeutic methods. How to identify SOS and provide intervention and treatment as early as possible becomes the hot research topic.

BACKGROUNDTo study the biological effects of multi-electrode radiofrequency ablation on pulmonary tissues of rabbits.

METHODSUnder the guidance of computer tomograph, electrodes were inserted into right lungs of New Zealand white rabbits and radiofrequency was performed. The biological effects were observed through CT image and microscopy.

RESULTSCoagulative necrosis was found immediately in ablation area after the procedure. On the 7th postradiofrequency ablation day, fibrous tissues appeared in the necrotic lesions. On the 30th postradiofrequency ablation day, bronchial and alveolar epithelium began to proliferate. Within 60 to 90 days after treatments, the necrotic lesions were almost replaced by normal pulmonary tissues. In group with electrodes into the right hilum, time for treating and initial impedance were significantly different from those with electrodes into the peripheral sites of the right-lower lobes (P < 0.01, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSMulti-electrode radiofrequency ablation can be safely and effectivly performed in pulmonary tissue and cause coagulative necrosis within a certain extent.

BACKGROUNDTo observe the CT appearance and pathological changes of VX2 tumor in rabbit lung after radio-frequency ablation.

METHODSAfter VX2 tumor tissue suspension was injected into the lungs, the transplanted lung cancer models were established in 36 New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty-eight rabbits were treated with radio-frequency ablation, and another 8 rabbits without any treatment as control. The CT appearances and pathological changes were observed in different time intervals after the treatment in 14 rabbits out of experimental group. The survival periods of the rabbits were recorded in the rest 14 rabbits of experimental group and the control group respectively.

RESULTSCoagulative necrosis and cell apoptosis appeared in the tumor tissues after the ablation, and inflammatory cells were found in the lung tissues around the areas of ablation. Wadding shadows appeared in CT images after the treatment and disappeared with the inflammation vanished, but the tumor shadows ceased to increase. In the experimental group, tumor tissues were almost necrosed in the target areas of 21 rabbits, however, peripheral residual nests of histologically viable tumor were found in the target areas of the other 7 rabbits. The survival periods of rabbits in the experimental group and the control group were 38 days±3.4 days days and 26 days±2.8 days respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSRadio-frequency ablation may be an effective method in the treatment of lung cancer.

Objective:To compare the sedative and anti-anxiety effects of levo-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) and diazepam on conditioned fear model rats.Methods:According to the random number table method, 32 adult male rats were divided into blank group, model group, diazepam group and L-THP group(with 8 rats in each group). The conditioned fear model was reproduced by the plantar electric shock method. Four days after the modeling, the rats in diazepam group and L-THP group were given diazepam (3.6 mg/kg) and L-THP (25 mg/kg) were respectively gavaged once a day for 10 days, the rats in blank group and model group were given the same volume of saline. After the administration, the elevated plus maze test and the open field test were used to measure the anxiety behavior of the rats, and the sleep energy monitoring system was used to detect changes in sleep and energy-related indicators. SPSS 23.0 and Graphpad Prism 7.0 softwares were used for data analysis, multiple samples between groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, and LSD test was used for pairwise comparison.Results:The results of the elevated plus maze experiment showed that compared with the model group, the percentage of open-arm entry times ((11.27±8.78)%, (30.11±14.59)%, P<0.05) and the percentage of open-arm residence time ((1.94±1.48)%, (17.53±8.21)%, P<0.05) in diazepam group were all significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the open arm residence time, the percentage of open arm residence time and the percentage of open arm entry times in L-THP group showed an upward trend, but there was no statistical significance (all P>0.05). The results of the open field experiment showed that compared with the model group, the time of entering the central grid ((2.99±1.83) s, (6.94±3.52) s, P<0.05) and the time of entering the peripheral field ((297.01±1.83) s, (293.30±3.52) s, P<0.05) in diazepam group both increased. Compared with the model group, there was no significant difference in the changes of various indexes in L-THP group (all P>0.05). The results of locomotor activities showed that the autonomic activity times of model group in nighttime was significantly lower than that of blank group((758.79±375.37)times/h, (1 101.93±525.96)times/h, P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the number of autonomous activities of rats in L-THP group in daytime ((820.57±364.60) times/min, (502.40±228.54)times/min, P<0.05) decreased, and the number of autonomous activities in the nighttime ((758.79±375.37) times/min, (1 146.85±309.69)times/min, P<0.05) increased, but there was no significant change in the number of autonomous activities in the whole day. Correlation analysis of energy metabolism related indexes and sleep time of rats in each group were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the daytime sleep time were negatively correlated with heat value ( r=-0.335, P<0.05), and the night sleep time was positively correlated with daytime heat value ( r=0.352, P<0.05). Conclusion:L-tetrahydropalmatine has no significant anti-anxiety effect in the concentration range used in this study, but its sedative and improving sleep activity rhythm are better than diazepam.

Objective:To explore the impact of multimorbidity on disability in older adults, providing a reference for formulating strategies for the management and nursing of multimorbidity and disability in older adults.Methods:Adopting the method of cross-sectional survey research, the data of 6 469 older adults (≥60 years old) were collected from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey database in July 2023, including basic information, chronic disease prevalence, and disability measured by basic activities of daily living (BADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). They were divided into multimorbidity and non-multimorbidity groups based on whether they had two or more chronic diseases. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to match the basic conditions of the two groups of older adults with the proportion of 1∶1. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyze the effects of multimorbidity on BADL disability and IADL disability.Results:Among 6 469 older adults, there were 2 882 males and 3 582 females, with 3 158 aged 60-84 years old and 3 311 aged over 84 years old. BADL disability accounted for 26.5% (1 712/6 469), while IADL disability accounted for 66.8% (4 324/6 469). There were 2 335 patients in the multimorbidity group and 4 134 patients in the non-multimorbidity group. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of BADL disability in older adults in multimorbidity group was 1.511 times higher than that in the non-multimorbidity group (95% CI 1.317-1.734, P<0.01); the risk of IADL disability in older adults in the multimorbidity group was 1.618 times higher than that in the non-multimorbidity group (95% CI 1.426-1.835, P<0.01). Conclusions:Multimorbidity would increase the risk of disability in older adults. Relevant authorities should develop relevant interventions and nursing responses to enhance the prevention and management of multimorbidity and disability in older adults.

Objective:To investigate the phagocytosis of Treponema pallidum (Tp) by macrophages and the polarization direction of macrophages after Tp stimulation. Methods:Human THP-1 monocyte-derived M0 macrophages were stimulated with the Tp Nichols strain, and the phagocytosis of Tp by macrophages and changes in the intracellular structure of macrophages were observed by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining. After 12-hour stimulation by Tp, Tp was removed, the M0 macrophages continued to be cultured for 24, 48, 72 hours and 6 days. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were performed to determine the expression of the M1 macrophage marker CD86 and M2 macrophage marker CD163, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect levels of M1-type cytokines interleukin (IL) -12 p70, interferon (IFN) -γ, chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) , IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and IL-1β, as well as the M2-type cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1 in the culture supernatant of macrophages. Dunnett- t test was used for multiple comparisons. Results:As transmission electron microscopy showed, after the stimulation by Tp, the macrophages extended pseudopodia and engulfed Tp, leading to swelling and obviously irregular hyperplasia of endoplasmic reticulum as well as enlargement of mitochondria. Moreover, after additional culture for 24, 48, 72 hours and 6 days, CD86 was highly expressed, but CD163 was lowly expressed in the Tp-treated macrophages; at 24 hours, the supernatant levels of IL-12 p70, IFN-γ, CXCL10, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher in the Tp-treated group than in the control group (all P<0.001) , but there was no significant difference in the TGF-β1 supernatant level between the 2 groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:After engulfment of Tp, the structures of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in THP-1-derived macrophages markedly changed. Tp could induce the polarization of M0 macrophages into M1 macrophages, and phenotypic switch from M1 to M2 macrophage polarization was not observed within 6 days after Tp stimulation.