We studied the causes of Maltese-cross formed in biological liquid crystals. We conidered that the Maltese-cross is a kind of interfernce pattern of polarized light which passed through the biological liquid crystal. We had observed different interfernce patterns which were differ- ent shapes of Maltese-cross, under a convergent, perpendicular, polarized light micro- scope because the light-axis direction in biological liquid crystals is at pleasure.

To analyze the polyps in the aspects of distribution, helicobacter pylori ( HP) infection and the use of proton pump inhibitors ( PPI) in different histological types of gastric polyps;to observe the morphosis under endos-copy histopathology and the surveillance situation in colonic polyps. The infection rates of HP in gastric hyperplasic polyps, inflammatory polyps and adenomatous polyps were 31.11%, 45.31% and 58.33%;the using rate of PPI among inflammatory polyps patients was higher. The main histopathological type of colonic polyps was adenomatous polyps;20 cases of colorectal polypectomy surveillance of 2 years had recurrence. The occurrence of gastric adeno-matous polyps may be related to HP infection;PPI had no obvious correlation with the pathological type of the gas-tric polyps. Colorectal adenoma should strengthen the surveillance colonoscopy of postpolypectomy.

Objective To improve the related substances analysis method of cobamamide.And to further research light degradation characteristics of cobamamide.Methods Determined the related substances of solid and aqueous solution of cobamamide after light degradation by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) conditions,which is Merck Hibar C18 column (4.6 mm ×250 mm, 5μm), 0.05 mol/L KH2PO4 solution:acetonitrile (90:10) -80% acetonitrile as mobile by gradient elution and detection wavelength 260 nm.And compared their light stability.The main three kinds of light degradation impurities were determinate from LC-MS.Results Gradient elution made the light degradation impurities separate better.The results of precision and reproducibility tests increased to RSD =0.2% (n=6) and RSD =8% (n=5) from RSD =3.8% (n =6) and RSD=38%(n=5). Cobamamide solution was very sensitive to light, the preparation should be strict dark operation.Two of the light degradation impurities were adenosine and hydroxycobalamin, with the relative response factor 2.5 and 0.7.Conclusion New method is specific, durable and reproducible, which can be used for quality control of cobamamide.

Objective To explore the influence of salinomycin in the growth, apoptosis and invasion of human bladder cancer 5637 cells,and to clarify its possible mechanism.Methods The human bladder cancer 5637 cells cultured invitro at logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group and different doses of salinomycin(15, 30 and 60μmol·L-1 )groups.The inhibitory rate of the growth of 5637 cells in various groups was measured by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rates of 5637 cells in various groups. The invasiveness of 5637 cells was tested by Matrigel Invasion Assay.The expression levels ofβ-catenin protein in 5637 cells in various groups were determined by Western blotting method. Results Compared with control group,the inhibitory rates of growth of human bladder cancer 5637 cells in different doses of salinomycin groups were increased significantly(P<0.05);the apoptotic rates were increased(P<0.05).the number of cells passed the Matrigel was decreased(P<0.05),and the expression level ofβ-catenin protein was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with low dose of salinomycin group,the inhibitory rate of growth of 5637 cells in high dose of salinomycin group was increased(P<0.05);the apoptotic rate was increased(P<0.05),the number of cells passed the Matrigel was decreased (P < 0.05 ), and the expression levels of β-catenin protein was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Salinomycin can inhibit the growth of 5637 cells significantly,increase the apoptosis,and decrease the cell invasion;the inhibitory effect may act by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective To establish the dissolution curves test method of Ribavirin capsules, and investigate dissolution behavior of domestic Ribavirin capsules.To provide experimental basis for generic drugs quality consistency evaluation.Methods According to the first dissolution method (basket method)stated in appendix Ⅹof Chinese Pharmacopeia(2010 edition),the rotation speed was 50 r/min with dissolution medium volume of 900 mL.The dissolution profiles of Ribavirin capsules in four different mediums( pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution,pH 4.5 acetic buffer,pH 6.8 phosphate buffer and water) were determined by HPLC.The determination was performed on C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 4 g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution(pH adjusted to 5.0 ±0.05 using 5% sodium hydroxide solution)-acetonitrile(98:2)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 225 nm,and sample size was 10μL.Results The linear range of ribavirin was 2.5-200μg/mL(r=1).RSD of precision and stability tests were lower than 0.5%.The average recoveries were 101.3%, 100.7%, 100.2%, 100.4% in four mediums.Dissolution behavior of capsules can be more consistent and rapid dissolution in pH4.5 and pH6.8 mediums.But they were quite different in pH1.2 and water mediums, and some of their average dissolution at 15 min could not reach 85%.Conclusion This method is accurate and reliable.There is a difference between domestic Ribavirin capsules dissolution behavior, and the formulation processes have room for improvement.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Yichan decoction(抑颤汤) in treatment of Parkinson′s disease(PD).Methods A PD rat model was made by direct injection of 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA) into the brain to destruct the compact part of substantia nigra(SNC).One hundred Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal control group,a PD model group and a Yichan decoction treatment group and they were treated for 8 weeks.The rats′ behavior pattern changes were observed before treatment and from 5th weeks after treatment.The changes in the dissociation constant(Kd) and maximum number of binding sites(Bmax) of dopamine(DA) receptors,and neurotensin-immunoreactive(NT-IR) in substantia nigra after treatment were determined by using the technique of radioimmunity.Results Yichan decoction could markedly improve the rotation of PD model rats and decrease the average number of rotation from(349.56?62.28) circle/40 minutes to(61.63?17.93) circle/40 minutes(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of carbon fiber couch on dose distribution of radiotherapy planning and verification pass rate.Methods Establishing the carbon fiber treatment couch model in Pinnacle8.0m Treatment Planning system (TPS),and then this model was used to correct dose calculations of oblique fields in the treatment plans of 10 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,10 cases of breast cancer and 10 cases of lung cancer and evaluate the effect of carbon fiber couch on the whole dose distribution of the plans.Then these plans were measured by three-dimensional dose verification equipment Delta4 to confirm the improvement extent of Gamma pass rate after considering the carbon fiber treatment couch.Results For the majority of plans,when the carbon fiber couch was taken into consideration,the target doses was significantly reduced (4772 cGy-7266 cGy vs.4859 cGy-7347 cGy,P=0.000-0.002) and the relative deviation of D95 was 1％ to 3％.Measurement results of Delta4 showed that Gamma pass rate (3 mm/3％ criteria) increased in all plans (96.4％-98.8％ vs.93.4％-97.3％,P =0.000),some of that were up to 5 percentage when the couch model was applied.Conclusions Target doses will be overestimated if the treatment couch is ignored in TPS measurement.,However it should arouse enough attention when the disease with smaller doses corresponding gradient.

Objective Construct the eukaryotic expression vector of inhibitory member of the ASPP family (iASPP) and trans-fect it into colon carcinoma cell lines SW480 and Lovo by liposome .Then observe the expression of iASPP and detect the cell apop-tosis by flow cytometry .Methods The amplified PCR product was digested and inserted into pMD19-T simple vector and sub-cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 .1(+ ) .The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3 .1(+ )-iASPP was transfected into colon carcinoma cell lines SW480 and Lovo by liposome ,the iASPP expression was analyzed by RT-PCR .The cell apoptosis was detected by FCM .Results The eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3 .1(+ )-iASPP was constructed success-fully ,the gene squence of iASPP was consistent with that reported (gi 60457962) in GenBank .The mRNA expression levels of iASPP gene of SW480 and Lovo cell lines which transfect the positive plasmid were increased ,and the cell apoptosis rates were de-creased .Conclusion We successfully constructed the recombinant expression plasmid pcDNA 3 .1(+ )-iASPP ,and the plasmid were successfully expressed in colon carcinoma cell lines SW 480 and Lovo ,the cell apoptosis rates of those cell lines were decreased .These facts indicated that reducing the high expression of iASPP may be a new strategy to renew the abilities of P 53 tumor suppressor .

OBJECTIVE To explore the prevention measures against HBV infection among surgeons.METHODS On the basis of the comparison of the current prevention measures HBV infection during operation in the Eastern and Western countries,new prevention measures that HBeAg serves as a supervising and controlling index of HBV were studied.RESULTS The concentration HBV of HBsAg negative,HBeAg negative and HBeAg positive patients were(100-104),(100-106) and(102-109) ID/ml,respectively.HBV infective threshold value of single layer gloves was 105ID/ml,and that of double layer gloves was 106ID/ml.The viral concentration of all the HBsAg negative patients did not reach the infective threshold value of single layer gloves.83.88% HBeAg positive patients reached the threshold value,from them 80.65% was protected by HBV vaccine and 3.23% remainders exceeded the protection.CONCLUSIONS HBeAg serving as a supervising and controlling index of HBV infection can be an effective indicator which can reduce the risk of infection.It is more suitable for the current condition of our country.

Objective To analyze the controlled risk factors of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, and determine the clinical value for the management of risk factors. Methods 626 cases of postmenopausal women were selected, age, height, weight and bone mineral density(BMD) of patients were collected.The Tetrax balance test system was used to assess the fall risks.Vertebral changes of patients were evaluated through X ray of thoracolumbar lateral. The clinical data were analyzed and compared between vertebral fracture group and non-vertebral fracture group. Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between vertebral fracture and age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), the risk of fall, body fat and BMD. Results 328 patients presented with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, while the other 298 cases did not suffer from osteoporotic vertebral fractures. There were 426 vertebral bodies involved. Comparing to non-vertebral fracture group, the vertebral fracture group showed higher age [(68.67±9.29)years vs.(63.04± 9.30)years], lower height[(151.10 ± 4.39)cm vs.(154.90 ± 5.86)cm], lower bone mineral density[lumbar spine BMD (0.85 ± 0.16)g/cm2 vs.(0.93 ± 0.17)g/cm2, hip spine BMD (0.72 ± 0.18)g/cm2 vs.(0.81 ± 0.13)g/cm2],higher body fat [(41.30 ± 5.20)％vs.(36.30 ± 5.90)％] and higher fall risk (41.38 ± 25.79 vs. 36.20 ± 26.22) ( P<0.001). While there were no statistical differences in weight and BMI between the two groups, age, height, BMI, body fat, fall risk, lumbar spine and hip BMD were significantly correlated with vertebral fracture (r=0.358,-0.323, 0.169, 0.186, 0.135,-0.398,-0.364, respectively, all P<0.001). Conclusions Decreased bone mineral density, increased age, abdomen fat content and increased fall risk, are the risk factors of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.