A combination of Mexiletine and propranolol was administered in 40'patients suffering from ventricle extrasystole. The results suggest that the effect of the combination is superior to that of mexiletine administered alone

Objective: TO establish methods for sensitive, rapid, economical detection of Th1/Th2 Cytokine gene expression. Method: sixpairs of Primers specific for the IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IFNr and B-actin were designed. A Sensitive and rapid method for detection of Th1/Th2cytokine genes by RT-RCR was established. Meanwhile another method: the RNA hybridization with sir cDNA probes were established. Results:The RT-PCR reaction and RNA hybridization was used to test five kinds of Cytokine mRNAs expressed 20 tumor cell lines on mRNAs were expressed in eleven Cell lines;The mRNAs in eight cell lines. Conclusion:The preliminary results suggested that RT-PCR and RNA hybridizationnight be used to test Th1/Th2 cytokine gene expression.

Objective:To study the role of IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-13 and IFN? in pathogenesis of human tumor.Methods:The gene expression of 6 cytokines in human tumor cell lines and specimens were detected by RT-PCR or RNA dot hybridization.Results: There were predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in 183 different human tumor cell lines and specimens.The positive rate of IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-13 .IFN? and IL-2 in 183 tumor cell lines and specimens were 65%,70.5%,83.6%,61.7%, 12.6% and 22.9%,respectively.Conclusion: Predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of tumor, may be related to the evasion of tumor cells from immune surveillance.

Objective:To investigate the influence of concanavalin A(Con A) pretreatment on the development of the fulminant murine hepatitis induced by an adequate dose of Con A.Methods:An adequate dose of Con A(15 ?g/g.body.wt) was injected intravenously into C57BL/6 mice to provoke severe liver damage,an extensively-used murine hepatitis model.A low dose of Con A(3 ?g/g.body.wt) was administrated intravenously 12 h before injection with an adequate dose of Con A.Liver injury was evaluated by serum transaminase assay and H&E staining.Hepatic lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry and the absolute amount of lymphocytes per liver was calculated.Results:Pretreatment with a low dose of Con A significantly inhibited Con A-induced liver injury.Both the percentage and the absolute number of liver CD3~+T cells in Con A-pretreated mice were lower than those of PBS-pretreated mice.The activation of liver CD3~+T cells in Con A-pretreated mice was also prominently inhibited.Conclusion:Con A pretreatment exerted the negative effect on the development of Con A-induced hepatitis,which may be result from the decreased recruitment of T cells into the liver.The underlying mechanisms are under investigation.

Objective:To purify recombinant human interleukin 18(rhIL 18) and perform activity assay of renatured rhIL 18 Methods:The rhIL 18 was purified by molecular sieve chromatography MTT assay and RT PCR method were used in activity assay of rhIL 18 Results:The purity of rhIL 18 was up to 96% The renatured rhIL 18 could enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells and induce IFN ? gene expression in PBMC Conclusion:The rhIL 18 prepared exerts functional activity and can be applied for further studies

Objective:To investigate the changes of lung lymphocytes in OVA induced murine asthma model,and study the involvement of NK cells in this process.Methods:C57BL/6J(B6) mice were induced to develop asthma by intrapenitoneal injection of OVA with alum as adjuvant, and then inhalation of nebulized OVA. After collecting serum and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid(BALF),IL-4 level was determined by ELISA. The kinetics of pulmonary lymphocyte recruitment and cytokine release were detected by flow cytometry.Results:IL-4 expression increased in BALF after OVA nebulization, while there was no significant difference in serum. IFN-?,IL-4+NK cells accumulation in lung parenchymal tissues,and exhibited an evident NK2 shift in mice with asthma.Conclusion:NK cell involved in OVA-induced mouse asthma and NK2 shift accompany with Th2, indicating that NK2 played an important role in this process.

Objective:To investigate the influence of IL-2 on the apoptosis of activated and inactivated lymphocytes.Methods:Selected an appropriate system as the model of activated lymphocytes by detecting the expression of Fas and FasL in two systems of one way MLR using RT-PCR. Detected the apoptosis of activated and inactivated lymphocytes after the stimulation of IL-2 with the methods of FITC-Annexin-V/PI staining.The resultaint change of membrane Fas was evaluated by FACS,and the lymphocytes from doner and acceptor were distinguished by CFSE staining.Results:To the inactivated spleen lymphocytes, exogenous IL-2 inhibited their apoptosis and the expression of Fas; while to the spleen lymphocytes activated by mixed lymphocyte reaction, exogenous IL-2 promoted their apoptosis and upregulated the expression of Fas, which did the same both to the doner cells and the acceptor cells.Conclusion:IL-2 can inhibit the apoptosis of inactivated lymphocytes, and promote the apoptosis of activated lymphocytes.These effects have something to do with the change of expression of Fas.

Normal feed and stone-leading feed were used respectively to raise guinea pigs in the control group and stone-causing group. The dynamic changes of total cholesterol, mucoprotein, total phospholipid and total cholic acid were measured during various raising periods. The formation of crystal nucleus and the growth of gallstone were studied under polarzing microscope. It was found that the contents of total cholesterol, mucoprotein, total phospholipid and total cholic acid in the gallbladder bile of control group were nearly the same during the whole feeding process, and no shaped stone crystal was formed. In the stone-causing group, however, the contents of total cholesterol and mucoprotein gradually went up and the contents of total phospholipid and total cholic acid gradually went down. After 10 days' feeding, significant difference was seen,and after 25 days' feeding, highly significant difference was noted. With the increase of feeding days, the liquid crystal vesicles in the bile increased, became bigger, gathered in strings, and then formed liquid crystal cells. The stone crystal growth along these nuclei of bile liquid crystal cells spread out rapidly, and the micro-crystal grains formed further in number. It was shown that, during the process of gallbladder stone formation, bile liquid crystal cells form a basic kind of nucleus, and the gathering and merging of bile liquid crystal vesicles be the key to crystal growth. So cholesterol and mucoprotein play the role of nucleation-leading factors in enhancing the gathering and merging of liquid crystal vesicles, and phospholipid and cholate play the role of anti-nucleation during the formation of gallbladder stone.
Animals ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Crystallization ; Female ; Gallstones ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Mucoproteins ; metabolism ; Phospholipids ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Taurocholic Acid ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the relation between the expression of transcription factor T-bet/GATA3 and Th1/Th2 type cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from lung cancer patients and their interference by the traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

METHODSThe gene expression of Th1/Th2 type cytokine IFN gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, transcription factor T-bet/GATA3 and tumor tissue specific mRNA CEA, CK19 in PBMC from lung cancer patients were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR. Meanwhile, the change of IFN gamma, IL-4, T-bet and GATA3 in PBMC before and after being cultured with the traditional Chinese herbal medicine-Astragulus and Tetramethylpyrazine was also observed.

RESULTSPredominant expression of Th2 type cytokines was detected in 42 lung cancer patients. The positive rates of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN gamma and IL-2 were 27/42, 24/42, 31/42, 4/42 and 5/42, respectively. But, the positive rates of transcription factor T-bet and GATA3 were 16/42 and 34/42. Moreover, the expression intensity of T-bet was lower in the CEA and CK19 positive patients than the negative ones. On the contrary, the expression intensity of GATA3 was significantly higher in the same patients.

CONCLUSIONPredominant expression of Th2 type cytokines may be related to lower expression of T-bet or higher expression of GATA3. This condition can be interfered by the traditional Chinese herbal medicine-Astragulus and Tetramethylpyrazine.

Cytokines ; blood ; drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; GATA3 Transcription Factor ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; drug effects ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; Th1 Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Trans-Activators ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the cardioprotection induced by combination of dexmedetomidine and limb ischemic preconditioning in the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical starus Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 52-64 yr,weighing 51-78 kg,with New York Heart Association Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective CABG with CPB,were divided into 4 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),limb ischemic preconditioning group (group L),dexmedetomidine group (group D) and dexmedetomidine plus limb ischemic preconditioning group (group DL).Limb ischemic preconditioning was induced by 3 cycles of 5-min unilateral lower limb ischemia followed by 5-min reperfusion starting from 30 min before aortic clamping in L and DL groups.Dexmedetomidine was injected via the central vein in a loading dose of 1 μg/kg after induction of anesthesia,followed by an infusion of 0.4 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until the end of operation in D and DL groups.Venous blood samples were obtained immediately before aortic clamping,at the end of CPB and at the end of operation for determination of plasma concentrations of cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Myocardial tissues were obtained from the right auricle immediately before aortic clamping and at the end of CPB for determination of the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax (by immunohistochemistry) and apoptosis index (AI) (using TUNEL).The restoration of spontaneous heart beat was recorded.Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the plasma cTnI concentrations were significantly decreased,the Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated,the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased,Bax expression was down-regulated,and AI was decreased in the other three groups (P＜0.05).Compared with L and D groups,the plasma cT-nI concentrations were significantly decreased,the Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated,the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased,Bax expression was down-regulated,and AI was decreased in group DL (P＜0.05).The rate of restoration of spontaneous heart beat was significantly increased in group DL as compared with the other three groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Combination of dexmedetomidine and limb ischemic preconditioning can mitigate myocardial injury,it provides better efficacy than either alone,and the mechanism is related to inhibiting cell apoptosis in the patients undergoing CABG with CPB.