Sleep apnea syndrome(SAS) and its harm to the health are briefly introduced,the review on history and classification of sleep non-invasive ventilator is presented,and therapy mechanism of CPAP on SAS is described.Furthermore,the specifications of three popular CPAP in the market are compared and some new technologies of CPAP are discussed.

Objective To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differential diagnosis of pancreatic pseudocysts,cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas,so as to improve diagnostic accuracy of the condition.Methods The results of CEUS and conventional ultrasound for 71 patients with pancreatic cystic lesions were analyzed retrospectively,and compared with the finally obtained surgical-pathological examination to assess the ability of qualitative diagnosis between two methods.Results In 71 pancreatic cystic lesions,there were 32 pancreatic pseudocysts,24 cystadenomas and 15 cystadenocarcinomas.The sensitivity and accuracy of CEUS for pancreatic pseudocysts and cystadenocarcinomas were 84.4％,93.0％ and 86.7％,88.7％,which were higher than those of conventional ultrasound 56.3 ％,80.3 ％ and 53.3 ％,74.6％ (x2 =6.06,4.92,3.97,4.71,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There are some similarities in terms of imaging manifestations among pancreatic pseudocysts,cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas.Combining conventional ultrasound with CEUS can help the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions.

Objective To explore the clinical correlation of the variation of plasma homocysteine (HCY), melatonin (MLT) and ulceative colitis (UC). Methods The clinical data of 112 UC patients was collected, and 110 normal healthy persons as control. The level of plasma HCY and MLT was detected by high pressure liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) method. The level of plasma folate ( FA) and vitamin B12 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The correlation of these four indexes and UC was analyzed. Results The serum level of HCY in UC patients was significantly higher than that in normal healthy persons [(11. 27± 7.26) μmol/L vs (8. 19±4. 81) μmol/L, P = 0. 000]. The serum level of MLT in UC patients was significantly lower than that in normal healthy persons [(49. 06 + 31. 40) pg/ml vs (64. 28±41. 16) pg/ml,P=0. 008]. The serum level of FA in UC patients was significantly lower than that in normal healthy persons [(7. 64 + 1.95) nmol/L vs (9. 14 + 1.23) nmol/L, P = 0. 005]. The serum level of vitamin B12 in UC patients was significantly lower than that in normal healthy persons [(108. 64 ±32. 22) pmol/L vs (112. 64±33. 33) pmol/L, P = 0. 004]. There was no correlation between plasma HCY, MLT and UC disease activity degree, range, disease duration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), or C reactive protein (CRP) in UC patients. There was no significant correlation between MLT and HCY in UC patients. Conclusions The serum level of HCY is higher in UC patients than that in normal control, and MLT is lower than that in normal control. However there is no significant correlation between them.

Objective To study the protection of vanillin derivative VND3207 on the cytogenetic damage of mouse bone marrow cell induced by ionizing radiation.Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups:normal control group,2 Gy dose irradiation group,and three groups of 2 Gy irradiaiton with VND3207 protection at doses of 10,50 and 100 mg/kg,respectively.VND3207 was given by intragastric administration once a day for five days.Two hours after the last drug administration,the mice were irradiated with 2 Gy γ-rays.The changes of polychromatophilic erythroblasts micronuclei (MN),chromosome aberration (CA) and mitosis index (MI) of mouse bone marrow cells were observed at 24 and 48 h after irradiation.Results Under the protection of VND3207 at the dosages 10,50,100 mg/kg,the yields of poly-chromatophilic erythroblasts MN and CA of bone marrow cells were significantly decreased(t = 2.36-4.26,P ＜ 0.05),and the marrow cells MI remained much higher level compared with the irradiated mice without drug protection (t = 2.58,2.01,P ＜ 0.05).The radiological protection effect was drug dose-dependent,and the administration of VND3207 at the dosage of 100 mg/kg resulted in reduction by 50% and 65% in the yields of MN and CA,respectively.Conclusions VND3207 had a good protection effect of on γ-ray induced cytogentic damage of mouse bone marrow cells.

Purpose To observe the change of renal parenchyma elasticity in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), and to explore the value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) in the assessment of renal histological damages in CGN. Materials and Methods 123 patients with CGN and 27 healthy volunteers were enrolled, CGN patients were divided into three groups according to renal histologic scores: mildly, moderately, and severely impaired. Shear wave velocities (SWV) of the renal parenchyma were measured and compared in different groups, the correlation between the SWV measurements and renal fibrosis Katafuchi scores, serum creatinine (Scr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) was accessed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analyses were also performed to assess the value of ARFI for the diagnosis of pathology impairment degree in CGN. Results There were statistically significant differences in SWV measurements between each CGN patient group and the control group (F=16.592, P<0.01); the mean SWV in patients with severe kidney impairment was significant lower than that of mildly impaired, moderately impaired, and the control groups (P<0.001). SWV measurements correlated significantly with renal fibrosis Katafuchi scores (r=-0.481, P<0.01), Scr (r=-0.441, P<0.01), and e-GFR (r=0.546, P<0.01); ROC analyses indicated that the sensitivity was 63.4%, 71.4%, 93.8%, specificity was 77.8%, 71.3%, 79.9%, and the area under the curve was 0.730, 0.738 and 0.870, when using the optimal cut-off value of 2.65 m/s for the diagnosis of mildly impaired kidneys, 2.50 m/s for moderately impaired kidneys, and 2.34 m/s for severely impaired kidneys, respectively. Conclusion ARFI is expected to become an effective tool for non-invasive evaluating of renal histological fibrosis in CGN patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the long-term changes of expanded skin after transplantation.

METHODSThe expanded skin in dogs at 0 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after transplantation was observed through areas, histomorphological, electron microscopic, collagen content, biomechanical, and immunohistochemical methods.

RESULTSThe expanded skin was close to the control groups in all observations.

CONCLUSIONThe biological changes after expansion remain in 3 months. The expanded skin will gradually recover to normal in 3-6 months. It is similar to a wound repair process.

Animals ; Collagen ; analysis ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; Skin ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Skin Transplantation ; Tissue Expansion

After "9·11" incident,the profound changes and rapid development in the fields of society,poli-tics and economy have made the response to terrorism and crime prevention become a focus,and the security tech-nology has received great attention.This paper discussed the ethical principles of evaluating the action in the field of security technology,balanced the relationship between security and freedom,analyzed the conditions that the re-striction of individual freedom can be defended in ethics,and finally proposed the suggestions on standardizing se-curity technology,including clarify supervision responsibility and establish or improve judicial supervision;take nec-essary,effective and proportionate monitoring measures;the joint application of ethical and legal evaluation criteria to build or rebuild trust.

Objective: To evaluate the daily average intake of dietary fiber of primary school students in Gongshu District, Hangzhou, in order to strengthen the diet guidance and health education. Methods: The method of stratified random cluster sampling was employed to carry out a dietary survey for 887 pupils from 2-6th grade selected from 4 primary schools in Gongshu District, Hangzhou City. The consumption of various kinds of breakfast in pupils’ diet was obtained through dietary survey. The content of dietary fibers in various kinds of food was determined by enzymatic-gravimetric method, and based on this, the daily average intake of dietary fiber of pupils in Gongshu District was calculated. Results: A total of 434 samples of 12 kinds of food in Gongshu District of Hangzhou were determined. The results showed that the dietary fiber content ranged from 0.31 to 2.17 g/100 g in all kinds of breakfast. The difference of dietary fiber content was statistically significant(F=76.50, P=0.00). Among them, noodles and soybean milk were found of more dietary fiber content. However, pupils’ dietary fiber intake for breakfast ranged from 1.82 to 3.04 g/100 g, and the intake was generally low, showing an increasing trend with the increase of grade. The difference of dietary fiber intake among the second to sixth grades was statistically significant (F=18.72, P=0.01). After comparison by SLD method, it was found that the difference of dietary fiber intake between the second and third grade (P=0.22), and between the fifth and sixth grade(P=0.30) were not statistically significant, but the others were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The unreasonable dietary structure and poor breakfast quality are common phenomena. Well-tailored education programs slaping of adequate and blanced dietary behaviors are in great needs.

An impeller plays a significant role in the non-invasive ventilator. This paper shows a model of impeller for noninvasive ventilator established with the software Solidworks. The model was studied for feasibility based on ANSYS. Then stress and strain of the impeller were discussed under the external loads. The results of the analysis provided verification for the reliable design of impellers.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Respiration, Artificial ; instrumentation ; Software ; Stress, Mechanical ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Objective To understand the changes in the level of osteocalcin (OC) in patients with type 2 di-abetes mellitus (T2DM) and discuss the correlation between the changes and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG),thyroid globulin (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein (HDL C),low density lipoprotein (LDL C),fasting insulin (FINS),and fasting C peptide (FCP) and so on.Methods 108 cases of T2DM patients were collected from group T2DM and 92 healthy subjects as healthy control group.Fasting venous blood was taken from the subjects and serum levels of OC were detected by chemilumi-nescence.HbA1c,FBG,TG,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,FINS and FCP levels were detected,and Pearson correlation and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between OC and other indicators.Results The level of OC in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant [(14.98 ± 10.16)ng/mL vs.(18.20 ± 6.67)ng/mL,P<0.05].There was a signifi-cant negative correlation between OC and HbA 1c and FBG in T2DM patients (P< 0.01),and a significant positive correlation with HDL C(P< 0.01);Logistic regression analysis showed that HbA 1c was an inde-pendent influence factor of serum OC(P<0.01).Conclusion The level of OC in peripheral blood of T2DM patients was significantly decreased.OC level was closely related to blood glucose and blood lipids,and it had a certain effect on the prevention and evaluation of T2DM.