BACKGROUNDTo investigate expression of IL-6 in non?replicating vaccinia virus and its immune effects on recombinant virus.

METHODSThe recombinant non replicating vaccinia virus RVJ123 delta CK11 beta 75IL6 was constructed with non?replicating vaccinia virus vector pNEOCK11beta75IL6 and replicating vaccinia virus RVJ123. In animal model, immunization with the recombinant virus was carried out and its immune response was studied.

RESULTSThe recombinant virus could express IL-nd HBsAg simultaneously. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that the genes between vaccinia virus Hind? C and K fragments were deleted and IL-6 gene was integrated stably. Given intranasal inocula of the virus to immunize BALB/c mouse and New Zealand Rabbit, the elevated anti-HBsAg IgA and IgG antibody secreting cells in mouse lung lymphoid to vectors expressing IL-6 was at about two?fold higher level than those elicited by control virus at day 14 after immunization. Authors also could detect elevated anti-HBsAg IgA and IgG antibody conversion in mouse serum and lung fluid, rabbits serum, lung fluid, saliva, vagina and nasal washing samples.

CONCLUSIONSIL-6 expressed by non-replicating recombinant vaccinia virus could enhance the induced?immune effects, it could serve as the effective adjuvant for recombinant vector vaccine.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; analysis ; Immunoglobulin G ; analysis ; Interleukin-6 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rabbits ; Recombination, Genetic ; Vaccinia virus ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiology ; Virus Replication

Objective To study the biomechanical performance of proximal femoral nailing antirotation (PFNA) in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture involving the lateral wall using finite element analysis and the significance of the lateral wall.Methods A healthy senior volunteer,male,80 years of age,was recruited for this study.The CT data of his proximal femur were used to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of proximal femur by software Mimics17.0 and Geomagic Stusio.After the intertrochanteric fracture of AO-type 31-A1.2 was simulated together with coronal displacement of the lateral wall fracture,it was assembled with PFNA into the three-dimensional finite element model.Finite element analysis was performed on the femoral head,neck,fracture ends,lateral wall,and internal components of the model to observe the stress values of various parts of the model under the same load,with different degrees of fracture reduction (no displacement,anterior displacement of 5％,10％,15％ and 20％,posterior displacement of 5％,10％,15％ and 20％) and with or without the lateral wall.Results The stress values for internal components at the femoral head,neck,fracture ends,main nail with anatomical reduction of fracture ends and integrity of the lateral wall were 0.40 MPa,30.05 MPa,74.35 MPa and 121.68 MPa,respectively.The respective stress values of the above with lateral wall fracture were 0.82 MPa,47.32 MPa,151.92 MPa and 266.88 MPa,increased by about 100％.With every horizontal reduction loss increased by 5％ forward or backward,the stress exerting on the corresponding spots would see a 10％ progressive growth,plus 20％ lateral wall fracture and reduction loss.The stress of the main nail (468.43 MPa) was thrice that (121.68 MPa) of the stress posing on the complete lateral wall with the fracture ends 100％ reduced.Conclusions When PFNA is used in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures involving the lateral wall,stresses on the internal components may be doubled.Loss of coronal reduction may lead to the most significant increase in stress on the bonding site between the main nail and screw blade.

Objective:To evaluate the calf muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and fat fraction (FF) in amateur marathon runners based on T 2WI-Flex fat-suppression sequence and iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetrical and least-squares estimation quantitation sequence (IDEAL-IQ) technique, and to explore the correlation between them and age, body mass index (BMI), running age, speed exercise, and monthly exercise. Methods:From September to November 2022, 37 amateur marathon group (marathon group) and 12 healthy volunteers (control group) who did not often exercise were recruited in Shijiazhuang. T 2WI-Flex fat-suppression sequence and IDEAL-IQ sequence were performed on all subjects. The anterior group of the right calf (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digital longus), external group of the calf (peroneus longus, peroneus brevis), soleus, medial head and lateral head of the gastrocnemius were delineated along the edge of the muscle contour as regions of interest, and the CSA and FF values of the muscles were obtained. Twelve subjects matched with the clinical data of the control group were selected from the marathon group (marathon matched group), and the differences in CSA and FF were compared by independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between CSA and FF values of the right calf and running-related indicators including age, BMI, running age, speed exercise, and monthly exercise in 37 amateur marathon runners. Results:The CSA of the right calf soleus muscle in the marathon matched matched group was larger than that in the control group ( t=-2.09, P=0.048). There was no significant difference in CSA of other calf muscles between the two groups ( P>0.05). The FF values of the right calf anterior group, the outer group, the soleus muscle, the medial head and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle in the marathon matched group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The BMI of 37 amateur marathon runners was positively correlated with the CSA and FF values of the anterior group, the outer group, the soleus, the medial head and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle (CSA: r=0.628, 0.468, 0.680, 0.566, 0.615, respectively, all P<0.05; FF value: r=0.395, 0.567, 0.631, 0.482, 0.516, respectively, all P<0.05). The FF values of the anterior group, the outer group, the soleus, the medial head and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle were negatively correlated with monthly exercise ( r=-0.337, -0.405, -0.437, -0.338, -0.446, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Long-term running training can reduce the FF value of each calf muscle group, and the FF value of calf muscles is negatively correlated with the amount of running each month. Long-term running training has the greatest effect on the CSA of soleus muscle.