Substantial progress in the use of chemo-photodynamic nano-drug delivery systems (nano-DDS) for the treatment of the malignant breast cancer has been achieved. The inability to customize precise nanostructures, however, has limited the therapeutic efficacy of the prepared nano-DDS to date. Here, we report a structurally defined tandem-responsive chemo-photosensitive co-nanoassembly to eliminate primary breast tumor and prevent lung metastasis. This both-in-one co-nanoassembly is prepared by assembling a biocompatible photosensitive derivative (pheophorbide-diphenylalanine peptide, PPA-DA) with a hypoxia-activated camptothecin (CPT) prodrug [(4-nitrophenyl) formate camptothecin, N-CPT]. According to computational simulations, the co-assembly nanostructure is not the classical core-shell type, but consists of many small microphase regions. Upon exposure to a 660 nm laser, PPA-DA induce high levels of ROS production to effectively achieve the apoptosis of normoxic cancer cells. Subsequently, the hypoxia-activated N-CPT and CPT spatially penetrate deep into the hypoxic region of the tumor and suppress hypoxia-induced tumor metastasis. Benefiting from the rational design of the chemo-photodynamic both-in-one nano-DDS, these nanomedicines exhibit a promising potential in the inhibition of difficult-to-treat breast tumor metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

In order to prepare antioxidant peptide through hydrolyzing low-value protein resources with bacterial extracellular proteases and to discover novel proteases, crude extracellular protease from Pseudoalteromonas sp. SHK1-2 was obtained through fermentation which was used to hydrolyze collagen extracted from Cirrhinus molitorella skin. Small peptide fraction was isolated from hydrolysate by ultrafiltration and Sephadex LH-20 size exclusion chromatography and showed 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (35.6%±7%), oxygen radical absorbance capacity and inhibition of DNA oxidation damage. The molecule weight was 776.2 Da, and amino acid sequence was Thr-Ala-Gly-His-Pro- Gly-Thr-His through liquid chromatography mass spectrum. Our findings suggest that peptide obtained from low-value protein of fish waste by hydrolysis with bacterial protease has antioxidant activity.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Gel ; Collagen ; chemistry ; Cyprinidae ; Dextrans ; Hydrolysis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Skin ; chemistry

This study explored the ideas and methods of acupuncture for Guillain-Barré Syndrome （GBS） with the core principle of “to treat flaccidity， select the yangming （阳明） channel only”. The main pathological mechanism of GBS is deficiency of qi and blood in the yangming channel， malnutrition of all sinews， diminished spleen and stomach function leading to the production of pathogenic damp-heat qi， which obstructs the meridians， and gradually affects the liver and kidneys， consuming essence and damaging blood. Concurrently， dysfunction of the dumai （督脉） pivotal mechanism and lack of moisture in sinews and vessels result in symptoms such as skin numbness， paralysis， and muscle wastage. In clinical diagnosis and treatment， a combination of syndrome and channel differentiation is taken. Treatment primarily focuses on acupoints of yangming channel， aiming to supplement qi and blood， and acupoints of du mai are combined to open the vessel and fill the marrow. Specific acupoints are selected based on syndrome differentiation， providing comprehensive regulation to promote harmonization of qi and blood， relieve meridians， and the smooth generation and circulation of whole body fluids. This， in turn， enhances the strength of muscles and bones， and fosters a robust and freely moving body.