Twenty pediatric patients with kerion were treated in Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2014 to June 2020. The general information, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 7 females aged from 2 to 10 years. Thirteen patients had a history of contact with animals, 4 had contact with parents with tinea. All patients had alopecia, 6 cases presented with inflammatory mass, 14 presented with abscessus; some patients had regional lymphadenopathy and febrile. Four cases were misdiagnosed as abscesses caused by bacterial infection and underwent incision leading to deep ulcers. A total of 13 fungal strains were isolated, including 4 strains of Microsporum gypseum, 3 strains of Trichophyton rubrum, 2 strains of Microsporum canis, the others were Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Fusarium. All patients were treated with fluconazole, concomitantly with topical antifungals and He-Ne laser, 19 of whom were cured. It is suggested that kerion characterized by inflammatory lesions is likely to be misdiagnosed. Fungal examination can confirm the diagnosis of kerion, and fluconazole is effective for treatment.

Glaucocalyxin A （GLA） is a natural diterpenoid extracted from Isodon amethystoides belonging to Labiatae. Modern pharmacological research has shown that GLA has anti-inflammatory， anti-tumor， anti-fibrotic， osteoporosis-ameliorating， and cardiovascular system-protecting activities and good biosafety. However， the low content in plants， poor solubility， high metabolic rate， and low bioavailability limit the application of GLA. To address these issues， researchers have studied the total synthesis， structural modification， and nanomedicine development of GLA. By reviewing the available studies about GLA in the past five years， we summarize the research progress in the total synthesis， pharmacological activities and mechanisms， and in vivo metabolic transformation， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the specific mechanisms underlying the pharmacological activities of GLA and for further research， development， and clinical applications of GLA.