The KCNQ gene family encodes five Kv7 channel sub-units(Kv7. 1-5) and four of these (Kv7. 2-5) channels are ex-pressed in the central nervous system ( CNS ) . Neuronal Kv7 channels participate in both pre-and post-synaptic modulation of neurotransmissions. Activation of neuronal Kv7 channels inhibits neuronal excitability and limits the release of monoaminergic neu-rotransmitter. Kv7 channel openers provide novel therapeutic op-tions in the treatment of disease states characterized by overactiv-ity of monoaminergic neurons ( e. g. schizophrenia, anxiety and drug abuse) . This review summarizes the studies on expression and functional role of Kv7 channels in monoaminergic neurotrans-mission in the CNS and the potential therapeutic effect of Kv7 channel openers on the disease characterized by overactivity of monoaminergic neurons.

Twenty six uncontrolled patients with Graves′ disease were treated with thyroid artery embolism. Twenty two cases were followed for 24 60 months. The long term effect was observed after thyroid artery embolism. The results showed that the long term cure rate is 81.4% (18/22).

In the modernization course of Chinese materia medica(CMM),two misunderstanding mistakes which are out of line with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory and excessively emphasize the research of CMM compound prescription and two difficult points which are the establishment of CMM quality control system and the establishment of CMM evaluation system were pointed out.Because the main means of TCM syndrome differentiation treatment and TCM combination therapy is CMM processing pieces and the starting point of the research of CMM efficacy substantial basis should be CMM processing pieces,the priority of the modernization of CMM should be the research on modern CMM processing pieces and the conditions have been mature now.The research on modern CMM pieces were supposed to take three steps:the research on "standardized extract",the research on "effective fraction" and the research on the CMM nature of "effective fraction".

To elaborate the opinion on the modernization of Chinese materia medica(CMM) processing piece as CMM modernization has been fast developed with some blemish and obstacle yet.Modern CMM processing piece,guided by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory,is made by science and technology of nowadays and the quality control is performed by HPLC-13C-NMR quantitative fingerprints.Also,it is evaluated through modern pharmacology and by TCM evaluation theory.Modern CMM processing piece is improved from the essence of "effective extract" and "effective fraction".CMM Granula in prescription is only considered as a primitive and junior form of the modern CMM processing piece.So modern CMM processing piece,which is feasible,controllable,compatible,and practical,is the key of the modernization and internationalization of CMM.

Objective To observe the effects of high sucrose,high saturated fatty acid and high unsaturated fatty acid(diets) on insulin resistance and endothelium-dependent vasodilation function.Methods Adult Wistar rats were divided into normal control(NC) group,high sucrose(HS) group and high saturated fatty acid(HSF) group,high unsaturated fatty acid(HUF) groups.Insulin sensitivity was tested by hyperinsulinemic-euglucemic clamp after 24 weeks.Acetylcholine-induced(or sodium nitroprussideinduced) relaxation of preconstricted isolated renal arteries was measured by Mulvany myograph.Results GIR was obviously lower in experimental groups than that in NC group.GIR was negatively correlated with triglyceride (TG),free fatty acid(FFA).Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was markedly decreased in all experimental groups compared with that in NC group and the maximal response was decreased 37.4% in HSF group,32.7% in HUF group,27.7% in HS group.Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was enhanced by incubation with L-Arg and decreased incubated with L-NNA,MB in all experimental groups.Vasodilation response was negatively correlated with TG,INS and well positively correlated with NO,GIR.There was significantly negative correlation between FFA andNO.Conclusions: The rats fed high sucrose,high saturated fatty acid and high unsaturated fatty acid diets developed insulin resistance with reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation function.

BACKGROUND: The injury of peripheral nerve may cause electroneurographic changes. However, what is the correlation between electroneurographic changes and the extent of nerve injury?OBJECTIVE: To probe into the changes of evoked electroneurography in early stage after nerve injury for clinical application and reference.DESIGN: Paired t-test in three groups of samples.SETTING: Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics People' s Hospital of Beijing University.MATERIALS:The trial was conducted in the Animal Center of the People's Hospital of Beijing University from August 2003 to December 2003. The subjects were 8 adult New Zealand rabbits of SPF grade(weighing 1.5 kg) and either gender from the Animal Center of Medical College of Beijing University.METHODS:The model of nerve injury was made in the 16 tibial nerves of the 8 rabbits, in which one third or two thirds of each nerve was ligated at the same transverse part. The samples were thus divided into three groups: non-injury (normal) group, 1/3 nerve injury group and 2/3 nerve injury group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The indices of evoked electroneurography, i. e. motor nerve condution velocity, negative M wave amplitude, negative M wave area, maximal M wave amplitude and maximal M wave area were measured in the three groups. The correlation between the extent of nerve injury and the 5 indices was analyzed.RESULTS: All the 5 indices of the 3 groups were significantly different( P＜ 0.05). The mean values of the 5 indices were 1.00 ±0.0,0.97 ±0.18,1.01 ±0.22;0.98 ±0.16 and 0.98 ±0.19 in normal group, 0.76 ±0.12,0.41 ± 0.24, 0.47 ± 0.30, 0.48 ± 0.27 and 0.50 ± 0.29 in 1/3 nerve injury group, and 0. 62±0. 10, 0. 11 ±0. 11, 0. 11 ±0. 10, 0. 12 ±0. 14 and 0.13± 0. 12 in 2/3 nerve injury group. The coefficient of correlation between the 5 indices and the injury were 0. 902, 0. 938, 0. 936, 0. 907, and 0. 914, respectively.CONCLUSION: In the early stage after peripheral nerve injury, the electroneurographic indices negatively correlate with the extent of nerve injury. The negative M wave amplitude and area are relatively more closely correlated with the extent of injury.

Objective To explore if elemene can synergize tamoxifen through using non-cytotoxic dose of elemene and tamoxifen in combination on MCF-7cell line of breast cancer.Methods First,MCF-7 cell line was cultured in RPMI1640.Then,TAM's inhibitory effect united with elemene on MCF-7 cell line was analyzed by using CCK-8 test.Results When adding non-cytotoxic dose of elemene and curative dose of tamoxifen into the two experimental groups,the absorptivity in the two groups reduced notably,compared with that of the groups using tamoxifen alone;accordingly,the inhibition rate in two mixing groups increased obviously compared with that in single-drug groups.Conclusion Elemene of innocuous dose can remarkably enhance the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen,which indicates that elemene may synergize the effect of tamoxifen on breast cancer.

Objective To identify the metabolic levels in prefrontal lobe in patients with post-concussion syndrome by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and to explore the relationship between metabolic levels and executive function. Methods The study was conducted in 40 patients with post-concussion syndrome and 20 normal controls. 1H-MRS on prefrontal lobe was performed in patients and controls, the NAA, Cho and Cr were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and NAA/(Cho + Cr) were determined. They were also evaluated executive functions by verbal fluency test (animal), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT) and Tower of Hanoi (TOH). Results Compared with normal controls, the patients with post-concussion syndrome were significantly lower NAA/Cr and NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratios in left prefrontal lobe (P < 0.05). The NAA/Cr ratio in left prefrontal was significantly positive correlated with total scores of verbal fluency (r = 0.66, P < 0.05), categories of WSCT (r = 0.54,P < 0.05) and total score of TOH(r = 0.58, P < 0.05). The NAA/Cr ratio was significantly negative correlated with total errors (r = -0.53, P < 0.05) and persistent errors (r = -0.47, P < 0.05) of WSCT and mean executive time of TOH(r = -0.67, P < 0.05). Conclusions The metabolic levels of NAA in left prefrontal lobe in patients with post-concussion syndrome is significantly decreased , it is one cause of impaired executive functions.

BACKGROUND:Negative pressure wound therapy has been widely recognized, the currently published papers are limited in academic value and lack of scientific, objective, qualified index to confirm the therapy effectiveness. OBJECTIVE:To systemical y evaluate the clinical effect of negative pressure wound therapy, provide more evidence for its clinical application, and guide clinical research.
METHODS:Fifteen articles were screened out of peer-reviewed publications (Cochran library, Embase, PubMed-Medline and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database). Scientific data were col ected and evaluated by two researchers. The data were statistical y analyzed with RevMan software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Only 15 random-control ed trials were final y preserved, including 10 as B-grade moderate bias risk and focused on the effect of negative pressure wound therapy on chronic wounds, and 5 as C-grade high bias risk and focused on the effect of negative pressure wound therapy on acute wounds. There were significant differences in the main outcome measures between negative pressure wound therapy and conventional wound therapy. As for chronic wound patients, no significant difference was observed in the operation-preparing period, reducing wound area, promoting wound granulation, and amputation rate between two therapies. As for acute wound patients, the differences were significant in the operation-preparing period, promoting wound granulation, wound infection rate, and cost materials between two therapies. However, no difference was significant in the healing of wound and hospitalization time. Our findings indicate that, negative pressure wound therapy is an effective means for both acute and chronic wounds, it can shorten operation-preparing period, promote wound granulation, and reduce amputation rate and infection rate, thus providing evidence for clinical application. The wel-designed study is needed to develop high-quality random control ed trails.

BACKGROUND:Negative pressure wound therapy has been extensively used, but most people only knew the superiority of negative pressure wound therapy based on clinical experiences or subjective judgment.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of negative pressure wound therapy on the wound on the body surface, and to compare with contemporaneous conventional method.
METHODS:A total of 45 patients with wound on the body surface treated in the Peking Union Medical Col ege Hospital from January 2006 to December 2011 were enrol ed in this study, including 25 patients undergoing negative pressure wound therapy and 20 patients undergoing conventional change dressing method. Al clinical data were recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Negative pressure wound therapy was better than conventional method (P<0.05), on terms of preoperative preparation period, wound granulation, bacterial scavenging, labor intensity of working staff and incidence of postoperative complications. However, no significant difference in therapy cost was detectable (P>0.05). These results suggested that compared with conventional method, negative pressure wound therapy positively contributed to the healing, obviously shortened preoperative preparation, accelerated the diminution of wound, decreased the incidence of complications of reconstruction, lessened patient’s distress, reduced their economic cost, and diminished labor intensity of working staff. Negative pressure wound therapy has been proven an excellent tool of to promote wound healing.