OBJECTIVETo investigate the substance basis and the mechanism of pseudoanaphylactoid reactions (PR) induced by Shuanghuanglian injection (SHLI).

METHOD(1)The study of PR and the substance basis of PR of SHLI: ICR mice were divided into different test groups, the mice were intravenously injected with solutions of different concentration of SHLI, baicalin, forsythin, caffeotannic acid, positive control Compound 48/80 and normal sodium. All test substances were mixed with 0.4% Evans blue. The reaction and vascular permeability of the ears were observed and measured 30 min after SHLI injection. (2) The study of mechanisms: Mice were pretreated with an oral administration of Astemizol, intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide 75 mg x kg(-1) or Compound 48/80 4 mg x kg(-1), then mice were intravenously injected with SHLI. At last, vascular permeability of the ears in pretreated groups was compared with SHLI treatment alone group.

RESULTSHLI of 300 mg x kg(-1) and 600 mg x kg(-1) caused obvious vascular hyperpermeability, but baicalin, forsythin and caffeotannic didn't cause vascular hyperpermeability in the ears. The Astemizol can decrease the degree of SHLI-induced vascular hyperpermeability of the ears in the mice. After intraperitoneal injected with cyclophosphamide, there was a slight decrease in the degree of SHLI-induced vascular hyperpermeability, but there was no marked changes in the degree of the SHLI-induced vascular hyperpermeability after the mice were pretreated with Compound 48/80.

CONCLUSIONSHLI in clinic equivalent dose can cause vascular hyperpermeability. Baicalin, forsythin and caffeotannic may not result in the PR of SHLI. The mechanism of the PR maybe relate to that SHLI stimulates histamine release, the activation of leucocyte maybe take part in the SHLI-induced PR, too. Antihistamine drug can prevent the genesis of PR which induced by SHLI.

Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Injections ; Mice

Objective To determine the spectrum of conjunctival flora and the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of patients scheduled for penetrating intraocular surgeries.Methods A prospective case control study was performed.A total of 192 patients (192 eyes) scheduled for penetrating intraocular surgeries at the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang from February to August 2015 were enrolled.Samples from the conjunctival sac were collected before instillation of any ophthalmic solutions for both aerobic and anaerobic culture.The positive rate and bacterial spectrum were observed.Bacterial isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility to 7 commonly used ophthalmic antibiotics using automated drug resistance analyzing system.The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang.Results Totally 91 strains were collected from 81 conjunctival samples during aerobic culture,the positive rate was 42.19％.Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common microorganism (64.84％),followed by Staphylococcus lentus (7.69％) and Staphylococcus aureus (3.30％).Coagulatase negtive Staphylococcus (CNS) accounted for 80.22％ of the positively cultured aerobes.For anaerobic culture,a total of 28 strains were isolated from 28 conjunctival samples,the positive rate was 14.58％ Propionibacterium acnes was the predominant species (71.43％),followed by Finegoldia magna (10.71％).Majority of the CNS were sensitive to gentamycin and vancomycin,with resistance rates lower than 10％,but their resistance rate to erythromycin and ceftazidime was 87.67％ and 63.01％,respectively.Resistance rate of these CNS to levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and moxifloxacin was 42.47％,39.73％ and 17.81％,respectively.Multidrug resistance to at least 3 antibiotic classes was present in 38.36％ of the CNS.Conclusions Bacteria in the conjunctiva sac of preoperative patients are resistant to various ophthalmic antibiotics.To follow-up the bacterial distribution and antibiotic resistance is great meaningful in the prophylactic and treatment in ocular surgery-related infections.

Objective To analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of post transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in renal transplant recipients, establish a prediction model for PTDM and evaluate its prediction value. Methods Clinical data of 915 renal transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. According to the occurrence of PTDM, all recipients were divided into the PTDM group (n=78) and non-PTDM group (n=837). The main indexes of recipients were collected. The risk factors for the occurrence of PTDM in renal transplant recipients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. The prediction model for PTDM was established and its prediction value was evaluated. Results Family history of diabetes mellitus, body mass index (BMI), preoperative 2 h postprandial blood glucose and preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of PTDM in renal transplant recipients. The prediction model for PTDM was logit (P)=2.199×family history of diabetes (yes=1, no=0)+0.109×BMI+0.151×2 h postprandial blood glucose (mmol/L)+0.508×glycosylated hemoglobin (%)-9.123. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of these 4 predictors combined for predicting PTDM in renal transplant recipients was 0.830 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.786-0.873], the cut-off value was 0.0608, the sensitivity was 0.821, the specificity was 0.700, and the Youden index was 0.521 (P < 0.05). Conclusions Family history of diabetes mellitus, BMI, preoperative 2 h postprandial blood glucose and preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin are the independent risk factors for the occurrence of PTDM in renal transplant recipients. The prediction model for PTDM combined with4 predictors yield relatively high prediction value for PTDM.

Objective:To observe the inhibitory effects of Huangqi Jiedu Decoction on lung metastasis of breast cancer in nude mice; To explore the mechanism of intervening epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) induced by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods:Totally 30 nude mice were divided into model group, adriamycin group and Huangqi Jiedu Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups according to random number table method. Each group was injected subcutaneously with mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells to construct tumor - bearing nude mice model. Huangqi Jiedu Decoction low-, medium- and high-dosage groups were intragastrically administrated with Huangqi Jiedu Decoction 17.82, 35.64 and 71.28 g/kg; adriamycin group was injected intraperitoneally adriamycin 0.05 g/kg; model group was intragastrically administrated with normal saline of the same volume for 21 d. Tumor volume was measured at 9, 15, and 21 days after modeling. After the end of administration, the tumor tissue was separated, the tumor weight was measured, and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The lung tissue was Isolated,, the number of lung metastatic nodules and the inhibition rate of lung metastasis was counted. HE staining was used to observe the tissue morphology and evaluate the effectiveness of the model. The protein expressions of β-catenin, E-Cadherin and Vimentin in lung tissue were detected by Western Blot. The mRNA levels of β-catenin, E-Cadherin and Vimentin in lung tissue were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results:Compared with the model group, the tumor volume and mass of Huangqi Jiedu Decoction low-, medium- and high-dosage groups decreased ( P<0.01); the number of pulmonary metastasis nodules in Huangqi Jiedu Decoction high-dosage group significantly decreased ( P<0.01); the mRNA and protein expressions of β-catenin and Vimentinm decreased in the Huangqi Jiedu Decoction low-, medium- and high-dosage groups ( P<0.01), and the protein and mRNA expressions of E-Cadherin increased in the Huangqi Jiedu Decoction high-dosage group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Huangqi Jiedu Decoction can effectively inhibit the growth and lung metastasis of breast cancer transplanted tumor, and the mechanism may be to down-regulate the expression of key molecules in the Wnt/β-catanin signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the EMT process, so as to inhibit the lung metastasis of breast cancer.

Objective:To observe the positional relationship between the central fixation point of the retina and the fovea in normal adults.Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From August 2019 to January 2020, 100 eyes of 100 normal adults who underwent physical examination at the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyan g were included in the study. All patients underwent BCVA, diopter, microfield, OCT examination, and axial length (AL) measurement. There were 42 males and 58 females with the average age was 46.4±14.7 years. The average diopter was -1.02±1.99 D, the average AL was 23.22±0.47 mm, the average foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was 0.38±0.13 mm 2. The MP-3 microperimetry was used for central fixation examination. After the examination, high-definition fundus images were automatically taken and the central fixation point of the retina were automatically calculated by the equipment. The Nidek Overlay functional multi-mode imaging platform was used to superimpose the images containing the central fixation point of the retina and the macular fovea, the positional relationship between the two was observed, and the distance between the two was measured. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea, age, diopter, and FAZ area of the macula. Results:The fixation point of the retinal center of all tested eyes was within the range of the macular fovea, which did not coincide with the center of the macular fovea. Among 100 eyes, the fixation point of the center of the retina were 53, 23, 15, and 9 eyes at the nose, lower, temporal, and upper sides, respectively. The average distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea was 158.31±71.56 μm. The distance between the fixation point of the retinal center and the center of the macular fovea and age ( r=0.140), diopter ( r=-0.009), FAZ area( r=0.038) were not correlated ( P=0.165, 0.932, 0.707) in correlation analysis. Conclusion:The central fixation point of normal adult retina is more common on the fovea nasal side.

Objective:To investigate the evaluation value of one-stop whole-brain dynamic volume CT angiography and CT perfusion imaging (CTA-CTP) in the cynomolgus monkeys models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).Methods:Ten adult cynomolgus monkeys were selected and examined by head and neck CTA-CTP and craniocerebral MRI to rule out craniocerebral space-occupying lesions or cerebrovascular malformation. Under guidance of digital substraction angiography (DSA), the right femoral artery was dissected and monkey autologous thrombosis was injected into the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) through microcatheter to prepare MCAO models. Whole brain DSA was performed intraoperatively to observe whether the model was successfully prepared, and head and neck CTA-CTP was performed 24 h and 7 d after modeling to determine the locations and brain blood flow changes of ischemic lesions. The monkeys were sacrificed 8 d after modeling, and the brain tissues were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC).Results:Among the 10 cynomolgus monkeys, one was excluded because of preoperative cerebrovascular malformation, and one died of cerebral hernia caused by cerebral hemorrhage during the experiment. The remaining 8 MCAO models were successfully prepared. Intraoperative DSA orthography showed unclear M1 segment and distal branch of MCA. Brain CT scan 24 h and 7 d after modeling showed obvious cerebral ischemic lesions in the right MCA blood supply area, and the infarct extent 7 d after surgery was more obvious than that 24 h after surgery. CTA examination showed obvious blood flow interruption imaging in the in M1 segment of MCA on the right side, the distal vessels were not clearly displayed and the distal branches of the infarct side 7 d after surgery were obvious decreased as compared with those 24 h after surgery. CTP scan showed that the cerebral blood volume of the right cerebrum was obviously reduced as compared with that of the left cerebrum, which was consistent with the blood supply area of MCA; and the infarct cores and penumbra areas 7 d after surgery were obvious increased as compared with those 24 h after surgery. TTC staining showed that the ischemic lesions of the brain tissue on the slices were gray and involved multiple layers, and the range was roughly consistent with the infarction sites shown by DSA and CT imaging.Conclusion:One-stop whole brain dynamic volume CTA-CTP has good evaluation value in imaging findings in MCAO animal models.

With the rapid improvement of the perception and computing capacity of mobile devices such as smart phones, human activity recognition using mobile devices as the carrier has been a new research hot-spot. The inertial information collected by the acceleration sensor in the smart mobile device is used for human activity recognition. Compared with the common computer vision recognition, it has the following advantages: convenience, low cost, and better reflection of the essence of human motion. Based on the WISDM data set collected by smart phones, the inertial navigation information and the deep learning algorithm-convolutional neural network (CNN) were adopted to build a human activity recognition model in this paper. The K nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) and the random forest algorithm were compared with the CNN network in the recognition accuracy to evaluate the performance of the CNN network. The classification accuracy of CNN model reached 92.73%, which was much higher than KNN and random forest. Experimental results show that the CNN algorithm model can achieve more accurate human activity recognition and has broad application prospects in predicting and promoting human health.
Algorithms ; Cluster Analysis ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Motion ; Neural Networks, Computer

Acute respiratory tract infection is the most common infectious disease in children, which seriously threatens children′s health.Rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis is of great significance for the clinical treatment and control of these diseases.Pathogen nucleic acid test was applied and became the main method of respiratory tract infection diagnosis for its high sensitivity and specificity.To regulate the application of pathogen nucleic acid amplification test in respiratory tract infection in children, improve the diagnosis level, expert consensus on nucleic acid amplification test of respiratory pathogens in children was prepared to guide the application and promote pathogens diagnosis ability.