OBJECTIVE:In order to promote the rational drug use in China,we undertook a multi-center international indicators field survey of rational drug use(RDU).METHODS:According to the international RDU indicators of WHO/IN?RUD,a multi-center,random and on-site survey to the prescriptions and patients was carried out on the same day at7dif?ferent level hospitals.RESULTS:Prescription indicators:the average number of drugs per prescription was2.63;the percent?age of antibiotics prescribed was38.3%;and the percentage of preparations for injection prescribed was20.4%;the percentage of drugs prescribed from essential drug list(EDL)was69.6%.Patient care indicators:average consultation time was7.17minutes;average dispensing time was15.4seconds;percentage of drugs actually dispensed was100%;percentage of drugs ac?tually labeled was99%;percentage of patients'knowledge of correct dosage was86.3%.CONCLUSION:It is practicable and effective to get the data by using the indicators of WHO/INRUD.The rational drug use and the care from doctors and phar?macists to the patients are not enough in China,which remains to be improved.

Objective To approach the changes of serum insulin and peptide C and determine their relationship with inflammatory reaction in patients with severe multiple trauma. Methods The serum insulin, peptide C, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, C reactive protein (CRP) were detected in 30 patients with severe multiple trauma at days 1,3 and 7 after trauma to analyze the dynamic changes of serum insulin and peptide C and their correlations with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅲ ( APACHE Ⅲ), cytokines and CRP. The changes of cytokines and CRP were also compared with those of serum insulin and peptide C in patients with different outcomes. The changes of serum insulin and peptide C of 35 healthy subjects were detected and used as control. Re-sults The serum insulin and peptide C levels of patients were higher than those in control group at each time point after trauma, with remarkably positive correlation with APACHE Ⅲ. Whether the serum glu-cose and age were controlled or not,serum insulin and peptide C were positively correlated with IL-10 at each time point and with TNF-α and CRP at days 3 and 7. The levels of serum insulin, peptide C and IL-10 were decreased with time in both groups with different outcomes. Meanwhile, the levels of TNF-α and CRP were decreased in the survival groups but increased in the death groups. The levels of above indices in death group were significantly higher than survival groups at the same time point. Conclusions The increasing of serum insulin and peptide C is correlated with inflammatory reaction after severe multiple trauma. The dynamic changes of both indices can either reflect injury severity or be used as an effective index in dynamically monitoring anti-inflammatory degree of the organism.

OBJECTIVE :To explore the influencing factors of rational drug use(RDU)and time length of effect after intervention on RDU.METHODS:A field investigation was carried out on the core indices of international RDU index by the way of comparison.The investigation was carried out at three stages:1 year before intervention,1 year after intervention,and 4 years after intervention.Data statistics was analyzed by SPSS 11.1 software.RESULTS:The number of drug varieties per capita dropped from 2.76(before intervention)to 2.09(1 year after intervention),and remained 2.08(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the how's for pharmacists at inpatient pharmacy to provide pharmaceutical care for improved safe and effective use of drugs. METHODS: Pharmacists at inpatient pharmacy can provide pharmaceutical care as per specific clinical needs, and start from such details as preparing the booklet of commonly-used chemotherapy drugs, offering face-to-face advises on drug use for diabetics, and helping nurses to manage the medicine cabinets. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Pharmacists at inpatient pharmacy should provide the right pharmaceutical care that can meet actual clinical needs.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Bioenterics Intragastric Balloon (BIB) on obesity under gastroscopy.Methods Data of 47 patients treated with Bioenterics Intragastric Balloon under gastrscopy were reviewed from July,2010 to May,2011.Results Weight loss ( mean 15.4 kg ) was successfully achieved in all the patients during 6 months.BMI decreased by 3.2-6.4 kg/m2 ( mean 4.7 kg/m2 ).There was no serious side effect with a better result for obesity according to the follow-up.Conclusion BIB is effective for obesity for noninvasiveness,stable speed of weight loss and less pain.

Objective To explore the dynamic trend and main influencing factors of the prevalence of subthreshold depression after stroke,so as to provide reference for the primary prevention and nursing intervention of post-stroke depression. Methods A total of 123 stroke patients admitted to the department of neurology of Daqing People's Hospital from September 2017 to June 2018 were selected by convenience sampling method. Major Depressive Disorder Scale (CES-D), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Activation System Scale (BIS/BAS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were applied in the investigation. Results The prevalence of subthreshold depression after stroke at baseline, 3 months and 6 months was 25.6%,18.6% and 20.4% respectively, and there was no statistical significant in the difference in prevalence at each time point (P＞ 0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that, at the time point of 2 weeks after stroke, gender, age and behavioral activation level were the main factors of subthreshold depression after stroke; after 3 months, age and behavioral activation level were the main factors of subthreshold depression after stroke; after 6 months, the number of complications and the level of behavioral activation were the main factors of subthreshold depression after stroke. Conclusions The prevalence rate of post-stroke subthreshold depression decreased first and then increased with time. The main factors of post-stroke subthreshold depression were different at each time point, and medical staff should treat differently according to different time points, so as to achieve the primary prevention of post-stroke depression.

Objective To compare the efficacy of desloratadine citrate disodium versus loratadine in the treatment of chronic urticaria (CU),and to evaluate their effect on serum interleukin (IL)-23,IL-33 and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine/CC chemokine ligand 18 (PARC/CCL-18).Methods From January 2013 to December 2016,120 CU patients treated in Department of Dermatology,Wuwei Oncology Hospital were enrolled into this study,and divided into study group and control group by using a random number table.Patients in the study group took oral desloratadine citrate disodium tablets 8.8 mg once a day,and patients in the control group took loratadine tablets 10 mg once a day.The treatment lasted 28 days.The therapeutic effect was compared between the two groups,and changes in serum levels of IL-23,IL-33 and PARC/CCL-18 were compared before and after treatment.Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-sample t test and chi-square test for comparing indices between the two groups.Results The response rate was significantly higher in the study group (88.33％,53/60) than in the control group (61.67％ [37/60],x2 =15.352,P ＜ 0.01).After the treatment,the serum levels of IL-23,IL-33 and PARC/CCL-18 in the study group significantly decreased to 87.72 ± 22.16 ng/L,95.94 ± 18.27 ng/L,85.93 ±27.34 μg/L respectively,which were all lower than those in the control group (104.21 ± 32.05 ng/L,106.27 ±20.93 ng/L,95.72 ± 30.28 μg/L,respectively;t =3.264,4.034,3.934,respectively,P =0.020,0.006,0.015,respectively).No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the study group and control group (P =0.298).Conclusion Desloratadine citrate disodium can markedly improve the clinical symptoms of CU with favorable safety,likely by inhibiting the immune response of the body and reducing the effect of chemokines on the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells.

Objective:To explore the application of cognitive interview (CI) in intercultural adaptation of the Happiness Scale for Middle-Aged Women (HAS-MW) .Methods:This was a qualitative study. In January 2022, 20 middle-aged women in community of Yanji City were selected by purposive sampling for two rounds of CI, and 10 subjects participated in each round of CI. According to the interview outline, we understood the understanding of the subjects on the HAS-MW items that were preliminarily localized in Chinese. The expert group discussed and revised the items of the scale according to the interview results.Results:In this study, a total of 2 rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted, the age of 10 respondents (P1-P10) in the first round was (49.00±3.55) , and the age of 10 respondents (P11-P20) in the second round was (51.00±3.16) . After the first round, 6 items in HAS-MW were revised due to "imperfect language, grammar and expression". The second round of CI results showed that the respondents understood the contents of the revised scale items and believed that they were consistent with the original scale.Conclusions:Through CI, we can comprehensively understand middle-aged women's understanding of the content of the HAS-MW, effectively find out the cognitive bias caused by improper language expression in the process of the scale's localization, improve the understanding of the content of the scale by the interviewees, which is conducive to intercultural adaptation of the HAS-MW and provides a reference for the revision of the scale.

OBJECTIVETo explore a set of scientific evaluation and intervention methods on perioperatur period which fits for China's situation, and to promote the development of rational drug use.

METHODSTwo would tertiary general hospitals were selected and separated in to intervention group and control group. Intervention was carried out and compared at the same period on inpatient surgical cases of thryroidectomy, mastectomy, cholescystectomy, and hysteromyomectomy plus appendix.

RESULTSThe average drug costs was decreased from 1 601.27 yuan to 1 489.59 yuan and the average antibiotics use from 740.20 yuan to 352.03 yuan (P < 0.01) in the intervention group pre and post intervention. There was a remarkable improvement on the rationality of antibiotics use in intervention group, from 31.35% to 91.81% (P < 0.01) pre and post intervention, implemented in the hospital.

CONCLUSIONIt is practicable and effective to implement rational drug use where intervention was carried out, since it plays an active role on promoting safely, effectively and economic antibiotic use in China.

ObjectiveTo reveal the influence of Jianchangbang characteristic processing method on the change process of volatile components and the processing mechanism of reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex（MOC） by studying the changes in the composition and content of volatile components during the processing of ginger processed Xingpo pieces. MethodSamples of raw products， ginger juice moisturized products and stir-fried and heap moisturized products of MOC were taken according to the set time points， and headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS） was used to determine the contents of volatile components in the samples， and the relative content of each component was obtained by peak area normalization. Principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） were performed on the sample data using SIMCA 14.1 software， and the differential components during the processing were screened with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1 as the indicator. ResultA total of 68 volatile components were identified in the samples， among which some of the chemical components with similar structures showed similar trends of changes， and there was also the phenomenon of interconversion between compounds. Compared with the raw products， the contents of 42 components in ginger juice moisturized products increased， while the contents of 25 components decreased， 19 components were unique， and 4 components were unique to the raw products. Compared with ginger juice moisturized products， MOC in the early stage of piling had three unique components， and the contents of 11 components such as cyclosativene and （+）-α-pinene increased， and the contents of 5 components such as tricyclic terpene and α-curcumene decreased， and ginger juice moisturized products had four unique components. Compared with the early stage of piling， in the later stage， the contents of 8 components such as （+）-α-pinene and camphene significantly increased， while the contents of 6 components such as linalool and α-selinene significantly decreased. During the processing of MOC， there were significant changes in the chemical composition of the samples before and after 20 days. The differences between ginger juice moistening and the early stage of piling， the early stage and the later stage of piling could be clearly distinguished. ConclusionDuring the preparation process of ginger processed Xingpo pieces， the addition of ginger juice can reduce the contents of stimulating components， and the contents of active components continue to increase in several stages， such as the addition of ginger juice， frying and heap moisturizing， the quality of the decoction pieces may change significantly at about 20 d of processing. This study can provide a research basis for exploring the processing mechanism of ginger processed Xingpo pieces.