Objective To discuss the influence of Yifei-Kangxin capsule on MMP-1 in Wistar rats model with pulmonary heart disease. Methods 40 Wistar rats with pulmonary heart disease were averagely grouped as Normal Group, Model Group, Therapeutic Group and Comparative Group randomly by weight. The rats in Therapeutic Group were given Yifei-Kangxin capsule and the rats in Comparative Group were given Nifedipine. The course of treatment was 15 days. The rats were killed at the next 7th, 14th and 28th day separately to test MMP-1 in pulmonary tissue. Results After the treatment, the expression of MMP-1 in pulmonary tissue of the Therapeutic Group[7 d, 14 d, 28 d was(0.231±0.017)ng/m、(0.308±0.081)ng/m、(0.358±0.074)ng/m]was lower than the Model Group[7 d, 14 d, 28 d was(0.266±0.036)ng/m 、(0.315± 0.060)ng/m、(0.612±0.091)ng/m]. Conclusion Yifei-Kangxin capsule can inhibit the expression of MMP-1 in the rats model pulmonary heart disease.

Objective To find out the distribution of drinking-tea-borne fluorosis in the six ethnics in Qinghai Province, and to provide basic data for prevention and control of the disease. Methods In 2010, according to the requirement of “The National Surveillance Program of Drinking-Tea-borne Fluorosis”, six ethnics accounted for 99.59% of total population in Qinghai Province were investigated in 28 counties having brick-tea drinking habit. Three townships and a town in each county, two administrative villages(residents’ committee) in each township and town were chosen and 50 adults in each administrative village and residents ’ committee were selected to check skeletal fluorosis, dental fluorosis, urine fluoride and daily drinking amount of tea water. Five to six samples of drinking tea water were determined. Dental fluorosis was examined by Deans method; the fluoride content of brick-tea and urine were determined by fluoride ion selective electrode; the skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed based on “Endemic Osteofluorosis Clinical Indexing Diagnosis Standard”( WS 192-2008 ) . Results A total of 10 335 adults were surveyed, the number of Tibetan, Han, Hui, Mongolian, Tu and Salar ethnics were 4 972, 3 063, 1 196, 634, 235 and 235, respectively. The daily drinking amounts of tea water in Mongolian, Tibetan, Hui, Tu, Han and Salar ethnics were 2.53, 2.19, 1.74, 1.63, 1.22 and 1.07 L, respectively. Daily fluoride intakes in Tibetan, Mongolian, Tu, Hui, Han and Salar ethnics were 3.99, 2.78,2.27, 2.16, 1.78 and 1.28 mg, respectively. The medians of urinary fluoride concentration of the Tibetan, Tu, Hui, Han, Mongolian and Salar ethnics were 1.46, 1.19, 1.12, 0.98, 0.93 and 0.81 mg/L, respectively. The prevalence rates of dental fluorosis of the Hui, Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Salar ethnics were 34.53%(413/1 196), 27.07%(829/3 063), 21.60%(1 074/4 972), 20.00%(47/235), 17.98%(114/634) and 6.38%(15/235), respectively. The incidence rates of clinical skeletal fluorosis of the Tibetan, Mongolian, Han, Hui, Tu and Salar ethnics were 13.42%(667/4 972), 11.04%(70/634), 9.31%(285/3 063), 7.61%(91/1 196), 5.53%(13/235) and 4.26%(10/235), respectively. Conclusions The distribution and prevalent status of drinking-tea-borne fluorosis in the six ethnics of Qinghai Province are different. Tibetan and Mongolian ethnics are the key population concerning the prevention and control of the disease.

Objective To observe the illness change trend of drinking water type endemic arsenic poisoning in Qinghai Province, comprehensively evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures, in order to provide a scientific basis for timely adjustment of the prevention and control measures. Methods From 2010 to 2013, according to the Drinking Water Type Endemic Arsenic Poisoning Monitoring Programs, 3 villages in 2 counties within Qinghai Province were randomly selected as monitoring sites. The arsenic content in drinking water of residents was measured, water improvement projects in all monitoring villages were investigated; at the same time an investigation of arsenic disease in resident population was conducted, and urinary arsenic content was monitored. Arsenic in drinking water and urine was determined by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and arsenic poisoning was diagnosed using Endemic Arsenic Poisoning Diagnostic Criteria (WS/T 211-2001). Results Of the three water improvement projects, two were water arsenic exceeded the standard, and one was intermittently operated. From 2010 to 2013, the arsenic poisoning detec tion rate in Baoning Village was 27.30% (193/707), 31.90%(245/768), 29.35%(221/753) and 28.22%(219/776); in Kecai Village was 32.62%(107/328), 34.83%(124/356), 31.26%(131/419) and 29.35%(118/402);and in Manimotai Village was 56.58%(43/76), 52.81%(47/89), 45.10%(46/102) and 34.69% (34/98), there was no significant difference statistically of the arsenic poisoning detection rates in the three monitored villages in the 4 years (χ2 =3.09, 0.04, 0.92, all P>0.05). From 2010 to 2013, women arsenic poisoning detection rate was 36.45%(203/557), 40.59%(246/606), 36.12%(225/623) and 34.77%(218/627), respectively;men was 25.27%(140/554), 28.01%(170/607), 26.57%(173/651) and 23.57%(153/649), respectively;women arsenic poisoning detection rates were higher than those of men (χ2 = 16.25, 21.32, 13.49, 19.38, all P < 0.05). Arsenic poisoning detection rate of people younger than 60 years old had a tendency to increase with age. In 2012 and 2013, 105 and 93 urine samples were tested, respectively; urinary arsenic geometric mean was 0.113 and 0.149 mg/L. Conclusions Water improvement projects and water quality are not optimistic, and prevalence of arsenic poisoning is still at a higher level. A sound long-term monitoring program should be established as soon as possible, the management and maintenance of water improvement projects should be strengthened, and the monitoring and prevention work should not be neglected.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of hospice self-efficacy among clinical nurses between sense of life meaning and hospice behavior, in order to provide references for nursing managers to formulate strategies to improve clinical nurses′ hospice behavior.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey study. The clinical nurses were selected from 8 tertiary hospitals in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by convenience sampling method from July to November in 2023. General data survey scale, The Meaning in Life Questionnaire, End-of-life Care Self-efficacy Scale and Hospice Behavior Scale were used to investigate. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between variables, and AMOS 24.0 software was used to analyze the mediating effect of hospice self-efficacy on nurses′ sense of meaning of life and hospice behavior.Results:The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 89.82%(988/1 100). There were 41 males and 947 females, aged (32.95 ± 5.61) years old. The scores of sense of life meaning, end-stage hospice self-efficacy and hospice behavior of clinical nurses were (45.18 ± 7.90), (49.62 ± 10.93), (123.42 ± 28.55) points, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the sense of life meaning, hospice behavior and end-stage hospice self-efficacy of clinical nurses were correlated ( r values were 0.263-0.932, all P<0.01). The terminal hospice self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect between clinical nurses′ sense of life meaning and hospice behavior.The total effect of the sense of life meaning on clinical nurses′ hospice care behavior was 0.435, in which the direct effect was 0.246, accounting for 56.55% of the total effect, the indirect effect was 0.190, accounting for 43.45% of the total effect. Conclusions:End-stage hospice self-efficacy of clinical nurses is the mediating variable between sense of life meaning and hospice behavior. Managers can improve hospice behavior by cultivating end-stage hospice self-efficacy of clinical nurses.