AIM: To study the HPLC fingerprints and establish a sensitive and specific method for the quality control of Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Nees. METHODS: All 23 samples of Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Nees collected from 10 different places were determined by RP-HPLC.Shimadzu-ODS column was used with maxtures of 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile and 0.2% formic acid-water as mobile phase in gradient mode.The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was set at 25℃ and detecting wavelength at 254 nm.Hierarchical clustering,nonlinear mapping and similarity criteria were applied to evaluate the fingerprints. RESULTS: The simple and specific method with good repeatability was established.There were different contents of each component contained in habitat samples produced in individual area. CONCLUSION: The proceeding is suitable to differentiate Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Nees from different places conveniently and can be used for the quality control of this herb.

Objective To compare the risk effects of different antiplatelet therapies on gastrointestinal injury and summarize the endoscopic characteristics of gastrointestinal mucosal injury in the elderly. Methods The dyspepsia symptoms, gastrointestinal bleeding and endoscopic findings were retrospectively evaluated among 577 patients who received the antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and/or clopidogrel. Results The risk of dyspepsia symptoms and gastrointestinal bleeding was slightly higher in clopidogrel group than in aspirin group (both P＞0.05, x2=0.48, 0.72), and OR (95% CI): 1.10 (0.59-2.07) and 1.74 (0.48-6.33), for the risk of dyspepsia symptoms and gastrointestinal bleeding, respectively. In aspirin plus clopidogrel group, the risk of dyspepsia symptoms had no significant increase as compared with aspirin or clopidogrel group (x2=0.37, 0.03, for aspirin or clopidogrel group, respectively, both P＞0.05), but the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly higher than in aspirin group (x2=5.43, P＜0.05), OR (95% CI): 4.77 (1.15-19.79) and slightly higher than in clopidogrel group (P＞0.05). In this study, 57 patients received endoscopy and the detection rate of erosion or ulcer was 78.9%. Erosion (61.4%) was most in the gastric antrum; gastric ulcer (10.6%) located in gastric antrum and angle; duodenal ulcer (18.0%) located in bulb. In patients with dyspepsia symptoms erosion (70.5%), were most likely found but patients with gastrointestinal bleeding showed mainly ulcer (69.2%). Conclusions In the elderly the use of clopidogrel alone is not safer than low-dose aspirin and the combination would increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. The detection rate of erosion or ulcer is high in patients with symptoms. Patients with dyspepsia symptoms most likely show erosion, but patients with gastrointestinal bleeding have mainly ulcer and complex ulcers more common.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for determining the contents of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in Lonicerae ja-ponicae,and to explore the shelf life of L. japonicae under ordinary temperature and sealed environment. METHODS:HPLC meth-od was adopted. The determination was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(chlorogenic acid)column and Agilent Zorbax SB-Phe-nyl(galuteolin)with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid(13:87,V/V),acetonitrile-0.5% glacial acetic ac-id (gradient elution,galuteolin) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 327 nm (chlorogenic acid) and 350 nm(galuteolin). The column temperature was 30 ℃,and sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:The linear range of chloro-genic acid and galuteolin were 10-100 μg/mL(r=0.9986),5-50 μg/mL(r=0.9993),respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 4.0%. Recoveries were 95.78%-99.70%(RSD=1.46%,n=6)、96.30%-104.31%(RSD=2.93%,n=6). The contents of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in roller method,baking method and natural drying method of processed L. japonicae were all decreased by 30%-40% after stored for 12 months. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple, precise,stable and repeatable,and can be used for simultanoue determination of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in L. japonicae. The contents of active components in L. japonicae decrease significantly after stored for 12 months. It is necessary to establish shelf life standard of L. japonicae,so as to guarantee the effectiveness of drug use in the clinic.

Objective To evaluate the recent impact and long-term effects of recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) of cesarean section on women's abdominal incision healing.Methods In 516 cases of cesarean section in women,randomly divided into placebo group (172 cases),spray group (172 cases) and flush group (172 cases).The placebo group received 0.9％ sodium chloride washing abdominal incision suture.The spray group incision suture direcdy after the administration of rh-aFGF spray,per square meter of 3-4 sprays,3-5 times/d.The flush group was given before 2 rh-aFGF dissolved in 10-20 ml of 0.9％ sodium chloride directly after washing the incision suture,then given spray treatment.The recent follow-up of 15 d observed maternal abdominal incision healing.Long term follow-up of 3 months to observe the incision scar formation.Results The abdominal incision heating time was (8.6 ±3.5) d,that was obviously shorter than that in spray group (10.4 ±3.7) d and placebo group (12.7 ± 4.9) d (P ＜ 0.05).The delay healing accounted for 4.2％ (7/166) in flush group,significantly lower than that in placebo group (34/168,20.2％) and spray group (16/165,9.7％) (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of fat liquefaction,postoperative infection among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Flush group exudation,abdominal wall adhesions was lower than placebo group and spray group [2.4％(4/166) vs.10.1％(17/168),5.5％(9/165),3.6％(6/166) vs.17.3％(29/168),9.7％(16/165)](P＜0.05).Long term follow-up,flush group scar area than spray group reduced by 13.5％,than placebo group reduced by 27.2％.Conclusions A recent rh-aFGF can reduce the cesarean section abdominal incision healing time and reduce abdominal wall adhesions and exudation;rh-aFGF the best dosage is intraoperative irrigation treatment spray combined with postoperative.

Objective To evaluate the effect of a nurse-lead rehabilitation training on quality of life and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia inpatients. Methods Totally 190 schizophrenia inpatients were divided into the intervention group (96 cases) and the control group (94 cases). In addition to rehabilitation activities which can be chosen freely, the schizophrenia in the intervention group received rehabilitation training including medication training, life skills training, social skill training and physical training, while the schizophrenia in the control group could only chose rehabilitation activities freely. The quality of life and the psychotic symptoms of the schizophrenia while enrolled and discharged were evaluated. Results No significant difference was found in the score of Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) between the two groups(P>0.05)while enrolled. The scores of SQLS, psychosocial and motivation/energy in the control group were 30.22 ± 17.21, 30.22 ± 17.21 and 18.28± 9.33, while 21.41±14.63,19.76± 18.85 and 15.95± 8.80 in the intervention group one month after intervention, the difference was significant (t=-2.14,-2.19,-1.99,P<0.05). The scores of BPRS and hostile suspiciousness in the control group were 26.39 ± 6.37 and 4.11 ± 1.87 , while 23.67 ± 6.37 and 3.44± 1.26 in the intervention group one month after intervention, the difference was significant (t=-2.33,-2.54, P<0.05). Conclusions The nurse-lead rehabilitation training can improve the quality of life and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia inpatients.

Objective To develop the questionnaire of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.Methods Delphi method was used in this study.The questionnaire of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia was developed based on two rounds of consultation among 14 experts.Results The questionnaire of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia consisted of 3 dimensions,7 items of each dimension.Conclusions The questionnaire can be used as the tool of evaluation of medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.Further theoretical and empirical study is needed to verify the questionnaire.

Objective To investigate and analyze the status of psychological stress and career maturity of nursing postgraduates to study the relationship between psychological stress and career maturity. Methods A total of 556 full-time postgraduates were chosen as the research objects, the psychological stress and career maturity questionnaires of the postgraduates were used for the self-assessment survey analysis of the status of psychological stress and career maturity of 6 different colleges and universitiespostgraduates. SPSS17.0 was conducted to sort and analyze data. Results The status of investigation: the total score of career maturity of the postgraduates was 66.50 ± 9.80, average score for 2.02±0.30, and professional self-knowledge score was significantly higher in 9 dimensions. The total score of psychological stress was 101.50±14.37, average score for 3.17±0.45, and professional development in 8 dimensions was under the most pressure.The analysis of influence factors: the factors of career maturity including , professional attitude, professional orientation and planning and scientific research consciousness (F=4.988, F=8.087, F=4.573, P < 0.05);the factors of psychological stress including native place, professional attitude, professional orientation and planning (t=6.020, F=3.518, F=7.913, P<0.05). There was a negative correlation relationship between psychological stress and career maturity of the postgraduates(r=-0.208, P < 0.05). Conclusions The level of career maturity is low, and there is moderate psychological pressure of the postgraduates. The results show that the level of career maturity can be negative predict by psychological stress. Under the guidance of professional competence to strengthen the overall quality of training can effectively relieve the negative impact of psychological stress on career maturity.

Objective To investigate microRNAs ( miRNAs) expression profiling of cardiomyocytes in rats with heart failure, and predict miRNAs-regulated target genes and their functions.Methods Total of 18 male SD rats weighing 200-220 g were randomly divided into 2 groups:the control group ( CON) and the heart failure group (HF).The rats in HF group were injected by adriamycin via tail vein to induce heart failure, meanwhile in CON group, rats were received an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride intravenously.The cardiomyocytes isolated from the rat hearts in two groups and cultured overnight.After that, total RNA was extracted and then subjected to miRNA microarray to screen differentially expressed miRNAs.The reults of microarray were further verified by quantitative real-time PCR ( qRT-PCR ) .The target genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted by the software of Targetscan and miRanda.Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the miRNAs-regulated target genes and analyze the enriched gene ontology ( GO) and signaling pathway ( KEGG Pathway) .Results The results of miRNA microarray showed that a total of 37 miRNAs were differentially expressed in HF group as compared to CON group, among which 22 miRNAs were up-regulated and 15 miRNAs were down-regulated (P<0.01, FDR<0.05).The expression of miR-133b-5p (t=14.56, P<0.01), miR-6216 (t=9.32, P<0.01) and let-7e-5p (t=13.92, P<0.01) which were detected by qRT-PCR exhibited the similar tendency of up or down regulation to those shown in microarray results.Bioinformatics analysis indicated that miRNAs-regulated target genes were significantly enriched in 31 GOs (P<0.01, FDR<0.05) and 12 signal pathways (P<0.05, FDR<0.05), among which ubiquitin-proteasome system, MAPK signaling pathway and Toll like siganling pathway exhibited a higher enrichment. Conclusion MiRNA expression profile on cardiomyocytes in rat with adriamycin-induced heart failure was significantly changed.These differentially expressed miRNAs might participate in the process of heart failing by regulating their target genes in rat cardiomyocytes.

The result of a nutritional survey on potassium intakes of population and serum potassium contents of healthy adults in Shanghai (high occurrence of hypokalemia), Sichun (moderate occurrence of hypokalemia) and Shandong (null occurrence of hypokalemia) revealed that the average daily potassium intakes for the three areas were 60.1?16.6, 54.6? 13.4 and 58.7? 11.1 mmol per capita per day respectively; The serum potassium contents of the three areas were 4.2?0.3,4.0 ?0.3 and 4.2?0.4 mmol/L respectively. These results indicated that the daily potassium intakes and serum potassium contents between Shanghai and Shandong were not significantly different and might suggest that the occurrence of gossypol related hypokalemia in Shanghai and Sichun could not be attributed to the low potassium intakes and low serum potassium contents of the population.

Objective To investigate the complications of different enteral nutrition in patients after surgery for massive cerebellar infarction,so as to guide rational application of enteral nutrition in patients.Methods Forty-nine patients with massive cerebellar infarction were divided into three groups randomly:conventional nasogastric tube feeding group (group A,n =12),nasogastric tube feeding plus gastric motor drug group (group B,n =18),and nasojejunal tube feeding group (group C,n =19).The incidences of diarrhea,reflux,aspiration,upper gastrointestinal bleeding and aspiration pneumonia within 3 weeks after initiation of enteral nutrition were observed and compared among the groups.Results The incidence of diarrhea showed no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (x2 =0.092,P =0.955).Compared with group A,the incidences of reflux,aspiration and aspirafion pneumonia were significantly lower in group B and group C (P ＜ 0.05),and lower in group C compared with group B (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly lower in group C than in group A and group B (x22 =4.748,P2 =0.029;x23 =4.284,P3 =0.038),but the difference between group A and group B was not significant (x21 =0.000,P1 =1.000).Conclusions Because of the unique pathophysiological features in patients after surgery for massive cerebellar infarction,early enteral nutrition by conventional nasogastric tube feeding may be inappropriate.Nasogastric tube feeding plus gastric motor drug may be applied in mild case with short course of disease.Nasojejunal tube feeding may be the approach of choice for enteral nutrition in critical patients with massive cerebellar infarction for its association with lower incidence of complications.