Objective To investigate the effects of turmeric volatile oil extracted from curcuma on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line. Methods The morphological changes of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells treated by different concentrations of turmeric volatile oil were observed by inverted microscopy, Giemsa staining, and Acridine orange staining. Results ① The inverted microscopy revealed that after treatment of A549 cells with different concentrations of turmeric volatile oil for 24-72 h or specified concentration of turmeric volatile oil for 1-7 d, the lung carcinoma cells were distributed sporadically, cells were scarce, and the majority of cells were in round or oval shapes, indicating that the cell proliferation was inhibited. These changes were associated with the concentration of turmeric volatile oil. ② Giemsa staining indicated that the apoptotic rates of A549 cells were 34% and 42% respectively after turmeric volatile oil treatment at the concentrations of 0.8 ?l/ml and 1.0 ?l/ml. There was significant difference in apoptotic rate between the treatment groups and the negative control group (13.5%, P

A simple, precise, and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of vitexin-2-O-glucoside, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, rutin, vitexin, and hyperoside. The HPLC separation was performed using a Shim-pack VP-ODS C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d. , 5 μm) with the isocratic mobile phase consisting of tetrahydrofuran/acetonitrile/0.05％ phosphoric acid solution (20:3:77, v/v/v), and the flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min. UV detection was carried out at a wavelength of 360 nm and the whole analysis took 25 min. The method was linear in the range of 4.12-206.00 μg/mL for vitexin-2-O-glucoside, 4.05-202.50 μg/mL for vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, 1.64-82.00 μg/mL for rutin, 1.74-87.00 μg/mL for vitexin, and 1.41-70.60 μg/mL for hyperoside with the correlation coefficient for each analyte more than 0.998.The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of qnantitation (LOQ) were 0.6 and 2 ng for vitexin-2-O-glucoside, 0.6 and 2 ng for vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, 0.3 and 1 ng for rutin, 1 and 3 ng for vitexin, and 0.5 and 2 ng for hyperoside, respectively. Lntra- and inter-day precision and accuracy (RSD) were less than 3％. The developed HPLC method was successfully applied to the analysis of five flavonoids in hawthorn leaves, hawthorn fruits, and the preparations containing hawthorn leaves or fruits.

Objective To construct an eukaryotic expression vector encoding an shRNA targeting CA916798. Methods According to the CA916798 cDNA sequence in GenBank, 2 pairs of oligo nucleotides were designed and synthesized. After primer annealing, they were inserted into plasmid pGenSil-l to construct the shRNA eukaryotic expression vector. The recombinant plasmid were transformed into DH5?, and the positive strain were identified by enzyme digestion and sequence analysis. The recombinant vector were transfected into A549/CDDP cells with Lipofectamine 2000. Drug sensitivity and proliferation of the transfected cells were measured by MTT test. Results The pRNAi-CA916798 shRNA of recombinant plasmid was constructed successfully. The growth of A549/CDDP cells transfected by pRNAi-CA916798 shRNA was slowly than that of those with blank vector transfection after 1.0 ?g/ml CDDP treatment (P

Objective To calculate and measure the depth and radius of the target vessel in the upper limb venous ultrasound image in order to contribute to automatic venipuncture.Methods Two methods of measuring the radius of veins in an ultrasonic vein cross section image were adopted.One method was to segment the vein based on the threshold selected after evaluation, and then scan the upper and lower edges of the vein to obtain the radius.The other method was based on Otsu method,which was to divide the vein and then morphologically process the binary image.The radius was calculated in a manner similar to the first method.After the radius was obtained, the depth of the vein was corrected in conjunction with the radius.Results The above two methods were tested on 500 upper limb venous ultrasound images.The accuracy rate of the first method was 93.0%, and that of the second method was 99.4%.Conclusion The method based on Otsu and morphological processing is more effective for radius measurement of veins in upper limb venous ultrasound image.

[Objective]To develop a mini-pressure-sensor(MPS)for measurement of plantar pressure(PP)and to evaluate its clinical application.[Method]The MPS was installed in the shoes,and computer was used to accumulate and analyze the change of PP in whole walking stage.Pathologic changes of PP in clinical patients were also analyzed by MPS.[Result]In normal walking,the PP of forefoot was 49% of body weight(BW)and of midfoot and heel was totally 51% of BW,but at pathologic state,the equilibrium of walking was dynamically disrapted inducing a pathologic changes of foot bearing.[Conclusion]Self-developed MPS for measuring PP is help for dynamic analysis of normal PP and is valuable to recognize the pathologic distribution of PP in pathological state and to provide a guide for treatment.

A simple method for the isolation and purification of ginkgolide A, B and bilobalide(ginkgo terpene trialctone) was developed. A commercially available extract of leaves of Ginkgo biloba L.containing ＞6％ ginkgo terpene trilactone was used as the raw material. After partition in EtOAc, the en-riched extract was separated to give individual terpenes by preparative liquid chromatography. GinkgolideA, B and bilobalide could be isolated with high purity by recrystallizing in MeOH-H2O.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence, clinical feature and levels of protein carbonyl (PCO) in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus combining obstrucitive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: Two hundred and three patients with type 2 diabetes were taken multi lead sleep detection and their AHI, age, height, body mass index (BMI),waistline, duration of diabetes, fast blood glucose, HbA1c level and level of PCO in serum were recorded. RESULT: The prevalence of OSAHS was 79.2% in 203 patients, serious apnea 30.4%, moderate apnea 45.4%, mild apnea 24.2%. BMI, waistline, fast blood glucose, HbA1c level and level of PCO in serum were higher in patients complicated with OSAHS (P < 0.01). HbA1c was independently and positively correlated with patients with OSAHS risk (P < 0.05, OR 6.11). The independent correlation factors of AHI included HbA1c level,BMI, waistline, duration of diabetes and level of PCO in serum,with HbA1c as the predominant factor (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of OSAHS was higher in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus combining (OSAHS). Moreover, in these patients poor glucose control and aggravated protein oxidative injury were observed.
Body Mass Index ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; complications ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Protein Carbonylation ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; complications

Objective To study the application effect of clinical pathway teaching in respiratory medicine. Methods Seventy clinical medical students of our department during 2007 to 2009 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (35 students) was treated by traditional teaching ways, while the experimental group(35 students) was treated by clinical pathway teaching ways, with 5 to 6 students forming a small group. Teachers provided one copy of the CP version to each person in advance. Then progressive questions and discussions were conducted according to the diagnosis, dif-ferential diagnosis and treatment of CP. After its implementation for a certain time, students were co-mprehensively assessed by the practice examination and questionnaire and the statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0 version statistics software. Results The experimental group's total aver-age score was (90.00±4.00) points, while the control group's total average score was (76.00±7.20) points. There was significant difference between the two groups(P=0.001). The effect of these two kinds of teaching was evaluated and compared in stimulating interest in learning (P=0.002), improving the analytical ability(P=0.004),improving self-study ability(P=0.001), deepening the under-standing of the basic concepts(P=0.112), improving the innovation ability (P=0.005), improving the efficiency of learning(P=0.034), improving clinical comprehensive ability(P=0.016), and improving the ability of language expression(P=0.000), showing that teaching method of clinical pathway could significantly improve clinical teaching effect, and there was statistically significant difference between them. Conclusion Clinical pathway teaching has obvious advantages in cultivating students' diagnostic thinking and clin-ical ability to solve practical problems, and therefore it has better clinical teaching effect than the tra-ditional teaching method.

BACKGROUND:Proximal humeral fracture fixation can provide a more stable fixation, has a stronger biomechanical stability, but open reduction and fixation wil cause extensive soft tissue dissection and heavy damage to the rotator cuff. Closed wear nail has a high failure rate of fixation, fracture re-displacement and other defects. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the technical methods of applying closed reduction, percutaneous pinning anatomical external fixation in repair of proximal humeral fracture, and to analyze the application characteristics and safety in different types of proximal humerus fractures. METHODS:Based on the special anatomical structure of proximal humerus, a shoulder external fixator has been independently researched and developed by author. The clinical data of 23 patients treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning anatomical external fixation (homemade) because of proximal humerus fracture at the Department of Traumatology, Tianjin Hospital during March 2010 to March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. In accordance with Neer classification type, there were 19 cases of 2-part fractures of the humerus, 4 cases of 3-parts fractures of the humerus, with greater tuberosity avulsion fractures, which were al fresh fractures and were treated with closed reduction pinning and external fixation. Regular fol ow-up was conducted after treatment. Radiographic assessment, pain and function evaluation were conducted during fol ow-up, so as to work out the functional recovery, determine the final repair result. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were fol owed up for 6-24 months. Total y 23 patients initial y healed in fracture within 8 weeks. After treatment, visual analogue pain score of patients was 0.8 points. In the final fol ow-up, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Association of shoulder function scoring system (ASES) score was an average of (91.7±2.6) points, Constant shoulder function score was an average of (88.3±4.7) points, the University of California (UCLA) shoulder joint scoring system score was (31.9±3.1) points, simple shoulder test (SST) system score was an average of (9.6±2.4) points. The shoulder function assessment (UCLA score) of these 12 patients was excel ent, of 9 cases was good, and of 2 cases was poor. The excel ent rate reached 91%after treatment. These results suggest that the application of closed reduction, percutaneous nailing anatomical external fixation in repair of proximal humerus fractures has the features of stable fixation, and smal damage of soft tissue. Standardizing the angle of closed nailing and entrance point, fixing from the intersection of three planes in arcuate-shape and connecting with external fixation can achieve a more stable fixed effects.

Object:The paper aims to analyze Taiwanese experience in pharmaceutical procurement, pharma-ceutical benefits and reimbursement schedule, and make references for the Mainland China. Methods:Through read-ing and analyzing the Taiwanese government policy and the literature published to find out the pharmaceutical pro-curement measures, different medicines’ pricing strategy and its reimbursement mode compared with the Mainland China. Results: Hospitals can purchase medicines based on their own needs, and the purchase price was formed through negotiating with providers and buyers. It has been found that Taiwan only controls the medicines reimburse-ment prices. The international reference pricing is adopted for new medicines, and the originators, bioequivalence/bioavailability generic medicines and general generics reimbursement prices are very high at international reference prices, and need to be weakened in order to fit the requirements. Moreover, the medicine quality is one of the stand-ards considered in case of making decisions on the reimbursement prices. In addition, the reimbursement price is as-sociated with procurement price. When the spread is larger than 30%, the government will adjust the reimbursement to fill the gap. Conclusions: Through the system design and adjustment, the Taiwanese Government have set up a better procurement and reimbursement co-ordination in the pharmaceutical segment, and formed the reasonable prices for the case. The Taiwanese experience can be taken as a reference for the mainland China to refine its procurement reforms and reimbursement policy.