Incorporation of growth factors in polymeric drug delivery systems serves to maintain its bioactivity and long-term sustained release. With the development of controlled release techniques from simple mixing growth factors with carrier materials to controlled release microspheres, this kind of delivery formulations gain their extensive application. The present review focused on the application of biodegradable delivery systems of growth factors in treating neurodegeneration diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of protease-activated receptor 1(PAR-1) activation on the expression of CXCR4 mR-NA of mouse endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and proliferation ,migration of EPCs .Methods Mouse EPCs were activated by different concentration of SFLLRN (one agonist of PAR-1) ,or transfected by small interfering RNA of PAR-1 .The expressions of PAR-1 and CXCR4 mRNA of EPCs were detected by fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR .Proliferation ,migration of EPCs were detected by MTT ,Transwell chambers respectively .Results The expressions of PAR-1 and CXCR4 mRNA in SFLLRN group were higher than that in other groups(P< 0 .05) .The expression of CXCR4 mRNA was highly positive correlation with PAR-1 mRNA(r=0 .991) .The proliferation ,migration of mouse EPCs were induced by activation of PAR-1 .Conclusion Activation of PAR-1 promotes cell proliferation and migration of mouse EPCs ,this effect may be depended on CXCR4 .

Objective To study the influence of hyponatremia on prognosis in hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure . Methods A total of 322 patients with chronic heart failure from Feb .2006 to Aug .2012 were retrospectively reviewed and random-ly divided into hyponatremia group(n=161) and normal serum sodium group(n=161) .The clinical data of the two groups were compared .Results There were significant difference between the two groups in the BNP levels ,length of stay ,hospital mortality and readmission rates(P<0 .05) .Serum sodium concentration in hyponatremia group was decreased with the decrease of cardiac function(P<0 .05) ,BNP levels was elevated with the decrease of blood sodium level (P<0 .05) ,days of hospitalization and hospital mortality were increased with the decrease of cardiac function (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Patients with heart failure combined hy-ponatremia have poor cardiac function ,higher in-hospital mortality and readmission rates and longer hospital stay .

Objective To investigate the crosstalk between canonical Wnt/β-catenin and noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway in osteoblast differentiation process of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) in inflammatory microenvironments.Methods PDLSCs were obtained from human healthy individuals(H-PDLSC) and patients with periodontitis(P-PDLSC).The H/P-PDLSCs were transfected with β-catenin siRNA.Cell morphology was observed under fluorescent microscope and transfection efficiency was easured by Western blotting after transfection of PDLSC.The mRNA expressions of Runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),β-catenin and nemo like kinase(NLK) were detected by real time PCR,the protein expressions of calciun/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMK Ⅱ) and NLK were examined by Western blotting and the CaMK Ⅱ was observed by immunofluorescence staining,respectively.Results The β-catenin expressions in H/P-PDLSCs were inhibited specifically and efficiently by treatment of β-catenin-siRNA for 24 h.After a 3-day-osteogenic process,results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the Runx2 mRNA expression in P-PDLSC siRNA β-catenin transfected group(4.553 ± 0.659) was significantly higher than that in P-PDLSC empty plasmid control group(l.918 ±0.315)(P=0.000).A similar trend was observed in the NLK mRNA expression tests(7.341 ± 1.331 vs.5.664 ± 0.792)(P=0.030).Accordingly,the protein expression levels of CaMK Ⅱ,NLK were higher in P-PDLSC siRNA β-catenin transfected group than that in P-PDLSC empty plasmid control group in osteogenic differentiation condition for 3 days.CaMK Ⅱ was more strongly induced in P-PDLSC siRNA β-catenin group than that in P-PDLSC empty plasmid control group after PDLSC cultured in osteogenic medium for 3 days.Conclusions Both canonical Wnt/β-catenin and noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway could regulate the osteogenic differentiation potential of P-PDLSC.Suppression of β-catenin by siRNA promoted osteogenic differentiation via increasing noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway of PDLSC in inflammatory microenvironments.