Objective To explore the reliability of patients' sensation of the need to urinate,and to investigate the optimal volume and duration of bladder filling and training method for the stability of bladder filling. Methods From 2014 to 2015,Fifty patients with pelvic tumor were divided into group A and group B,according to whether they had the history of diseases or surgery in the pelvis or urinary system. Both groups received training of the sensation of the need to urinate. The training required patients to drink a fixed volume of water every time they emptied the bladder. The bladder capacity was measured by a bladder scanner ( BladderScan BVI 9400) ,and a rating scale of the sensation of the need to urinate was completed at 30 min,45 min,1 h,and over 1 h when the patient sensed the limit for bladder capacity. The optimal volume and duration of bladder filling or optimal frequency for the training were explored. The paired t-test method was performed for the difference between the predictive value and the measured value,Pearson method was performed for correlation between the sensation of the need to urinate and the measured value. Results In the A and B groups,there was no significant difference between the predicted value and measured value ( A:predicted value and measured value P=0. 777,B:predicted value and measured value P=0. 061) ,suggesting that the measured value could be used to reflect the predictive value. Compared with group B,group A had a higher correlation between the sensation of the need to urinate and the measured value ( rA=0. 812, rB=0. 762).The correlation between the predictive value and the measured value became the highest at 45 min and 1 h ( r=0. 858 and 0. 916) ,and the corresponding bladder filling volume and score of the sensation of the need to urinate were 330-450 ml and 4-6,respectively. The correlation between the predictive value and the measured value increased with the frequency of the training ( r2=0. 914, r3=0. 917, r4=0. 930, r5=0. 951,r6=0. 962) . Conclusions Before radiotherapy,patients with pelvic tumor should received at least 4-6 rounds of the training of bladder filling. Patients should drink 800-1 400 ml of water every time they empty the bladder,and the optimal bladder filling volume and the reliable and stable sensation of the need to urinate will be achieved after 45 min-1 h. For the patients with the history of urinary system diseases or pelvic surgery,the bladder filling volume needs to be measured using a bladder scanner ( BladderScan BVI 9400) during the training before radiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the biology reference intervals for five parameters of thyroid gland function(TSH,T3, T4,FT3 and FT4)in Baoji area,in order to provide evidence for effective filtration and diagnosis.Methods Refer to the files recommended by (NCCLS)C28-A2 about the description of definition,establishment and confirmation,five parameters of thyroid gland function were measured in 4 820 healthy persons by using Roche E601 electrochemical immunoassay analyzer and its assemble reagent,calibration materials and quality control,the statistical method was applied to the data processing by different gender,to establish the biology reference intervals of each parameters.And compared with National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures(Third Edition).Results The range of 95% normal reference intervals of TSH,T3,T4,FT3 and FT4 in male were 0.20~4.28 mIU/L,1.22~2.46 nmol/L,64.64~149.00 nmol/L,3.00~6.04 pmol/L,11.93~22.21 pmol/L respectively,and in female were 0.20~4.52 mIU/L,1.24~2.44 nmol/L,67.60~142.40 nmol/L,2.96~5.76 pmol/L and 11.86~21.54 pmol/L,respectively.Compared the level of TSH,FT3,FT4 between male and female, differences were statistical significance(t=3.962,7.570,5.132;P=0.042,0.026,0.033).Compared the level of T3,T4 be-tween male and female,there was no statistical significance (t=0.000,1.151;P=1.000,0.120).The study compared with National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures (Third Edition),the results of T3,T4,FT3 and FT4 in male were statisti-cal significance (t=9.755,4.349,114.7,79.82;P=0.000,0.003,0.000,0.000),the results of TSH,T3,FT3 and FT4 in female were statistical significance (t=5.304,9.548,128.9,72.99;P=0.002,0.000,0.000,0.000).Conclusion The in-vestigation of biology reference intervals for five parameters of thyroid gland function in Baoji area can provide more precise-ly reference data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose:Study the changes of mitochondria membrane potential of HL 60 cell induced by horseshoe crab hemocyte peptides. Methods:HL 60 cells were treated with horseshoe crab hemocyte peptides 0,12.5,25,50,100 ?g/ml for 2,4,6,8,10,12,14h. HL 60 cells were stained with Rhodamine123 before mitochondria membrane potential was detected. Change of mitochondria membrane potential of HL 60 cell was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results:Mitochondria membrane potential of HL 60 cells was stable from 0 to 14h in control groups,however mitochondria membrane potential was decreased when HL 60 cells were treated with horseshoe crab hemocyte peptides 12.5～100 ?g/ml for 0 to 14h.Conclusions:Decrease of mitochondria membrane potential was dependant on concentrations of peptides and time of peptides treatment, it was relative between horseshoe crab hemocyte peptides inducing HL 60 cells apoptosis and decrease of mitochondria membrane potential.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of oral nutrition supplementation for maxillofacial tumor patients before operation. Methods: 60 patients who suffered from maxillofacial neoplasm were divided into two groups. In observation group, on basis of routine diet, oral nutrition supplements (Fortisip) had been added for 5～7 days before operation. In control group, only routine diet had been supplied. After operation, the two groups were all supplied with tube feeding. The blood routine test, plasma total protein, albumin, pre albumin and lymphocyte count were measured in all patients. Results: Every biochemical item reduced significantly after operation and no statistical significance was found between groups. But the absolute decreasing values had significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: Oral nutrition supplements (Fortisip) contains balanced nutrients and tastes well. It is safe and effective to use a nutritional supplement, being helpful to prevent malnutrition and to improve the immune function in perioperative period of patients with maxillofacial neoplasm.

Objective To observe the response of the guiding vane to axial flow pump by testing two types of miniature axial flow pump,which have been developed by our group in recent years.Methods Two types of axial flow pump were tested in a mock circulation apparatus.Results The outputs of the two types of miniature axial flow pump all attain 5L/min against the pressure of 13.332kPa,which is enough for left ventricular assistance.The outputs are similarly related to their pre-load and after-load pressure.In this study,the guiding vane does not produce a significant affection on the hydrodynamic characteristic of the axial follow pump.Conclusion The guiding vane may be neglected in the design to improve the blood compatibility of a axial flow pump heart assist device.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease is a senile degenerative disease of nervous system. Neuron apoptosis is regarded as one of possible reasons,and neuron culture in vitro is a common method to research the mechanism of apoptosis.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influences of nitric oxide-donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), on the expression of gene cpp32 in the cultured hippocarnpal neurons in vitro.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Guangdong Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical College, and newborn (＜ 24 hours) Sprague-Dawley rats were used.METHODS: The hippocampl neurons of rats were primarily cultured, and then treated with SNP of different terminal concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100,200, 400 μmol/L) for 24 hours, and the expressions of mRNA and protein were analyzed with RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The hippocampl neurons of rats were treated with SNP of different terminal concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 μmol/L) for 12 hours, and the activity of CPP32 enzyme was detected with CPP32 activity detected kit.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expressions cpp32 mRNA and CPP32 protein and activity of CPP32 were detected.RESULTS: The cpp32 mRNA expression was unchanged as the increasing dose of SNP, but the pro-CPP32 was activated and the activity of CPP32 was increased significantly at 50 μmol/L SNP which was 3.02 times of that in the control group, and reached to the maximal value at 100 μmol/L which was 3.47 times of that in the control group.CONCLUSION: SNP cannot increase the cpp32 mRNA expression, but can increase degradation of pro-CPP32 and activate CPP32.

The principal investigator responsibility system has been progressively under implementation at some of the domestic medical universities. However, since there are big differences between military medical universities and civilian ones in terms of organizational structures, tasks to be committed, functions and personnel systems, military medical universities have to consider own characteristics and well handle the following four pairs of relations in the process of implementing principal investigator responsibility system: the relation between the subject groups and the teaching and research sections, the relation between the subject research and the discipline construction, the relation between the subject research and the personnel training, and the relation between the collective assessment and the individual assessment in the process of performance assessment.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important clinical disease, and its global prevalence and mortality rates are high. It is meaningful to investigate the efficacy of integrative respiratory rehabilitation training in quality of life and respiratory physiology of COPD patients in stable phase. Objective: To observe the efficacy of integrative respiratory rehabilitation training in exercise ability and quality of life of COPD patients in stable phase. Design, setting, participants and interventions: Eighty outpatients and inpatients with COPD from Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Yunyang Medical College were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 20 patients in each group. The patients in group A only received drug therapy, the patients in group B received traditional qigong training, the patients in group C received modern rehabilitation training, and the patients in group D received integrative respiratory rehabilitation training. Main outcome measures: Chronic respiratory questionnaire (CRQ), 6-minute walking distance and Borg score in each group were examined before and after one-, three-, and six-month and one-year treatment. Results: The 6-minute walking distance, Borg score and CRQ score in group A had no significant changes after treatment (P>0.05). After one-month treatment, there were no significant differences in 6-minute walking distance and Borg score in groups B, C and D as compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). After three-month treatment, 6-minute walking distance and Borg score were improved in groups B, C and D (P<0.05). After six-month and one-year treatment, 6-minute walking distance, Borg score and CRQ score in groups B, C and D were improved as compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and there were significant differences between group D and any of groups A, B and C (P<0.05). Conclusion: Modern rehabilitation training, traditional qigong training and integrative respiratory rehabilitation training programs all can improve the quality of life and exercise ability of COPD patients, and integrative respiratory rehabilitation training program is better than modern rehabilitation training and traditional qigong training programs. The efficacy of respiratory rehabilitation training is time-dependent, and need long-time adherence to the therapy.

BACKGROUND: The intraocular lens can move forward during cataract optic capsular surgery,but the changes in the human eye diopter cannot be monitored in such a dynamically adjustment process,it is difficult to obtain clinical data which could reveal the correlation between intraocular lens forward and human eye diopter adjustment.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of intraocular lens movement on the adjustment of human eye diopter.METHODS: Based on Hwey-Lan Liou eye model,using optical design software ZEMAX to realize ray tracing,the relationship of intraocular lens forward in the eye with the adjustment of human eye diopter was investigated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Once the intraocular lens forward for a certain distance,human eye obtained the amount of accommodating diopter was not constant; the adjustment amount depended on the axial length and the required intraocular lens implantation,especially in axial length; for the intraocular lens forward of the surgical eyes at different axial lengths,the amount of accommodating human eye diopter was negatively correlated with axial length.

Background and purpose:Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide as well as a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in China.Mustard seed and its components have been reported to possess anticancer properties.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a diet mixed with mustard seeds (MS)on the prevention of colorectal tumorigenesis in Kunming mice induced with azoxymethane.Methods:Sixweek-old female Kunming species mice of were randomly divided into 4 different groups:AOM alone,AOM+5%MS,AOM+10%MS,and the untreated control group.Colorectal tumorigenesis was subcutaneously induced by injecting 10 mg/kg of AOM once a week,for 3 weeks.Different doses of MS were administered in the diet during this study.Thirtytwo weeks after initiation,the mice were put down through cervical dislocation.The colon and recta of the mice were isolated and flushed with nonnal but ice-cold saline.The site,size,and number of colorectal tumors were recorded.The incidence of colorectal tumor in each group was determined.Results:No tumors were found in the control group.Compared to AOM-treated control group(86.7%),the occurrence of colorectal tumors was reduced to 60.0%when administered with a 5%diet of mustard seeds and to 41.7%(P＜0.05)with a diet of 10%mustard seeds.Tumor burden (tumors/mouse)was 2.2±1.2 in the AOM-treated control group whereas it was reduced to 1.1±1.1(P＜0.05)in the 5%diet of mustard seeds and 0.7±0.9(P＜0.05)in the 10%diet of mustard seeds.Conelusion:The results indicate that a diet of mustard seeds is able to inhibit the development of colorectal cancer in mice induced by AOM,suggesting possible future application of MS as a chemopreventive agent for colorectal cancer.