To investigate the animals infection situation of novel bunyavirus in Xinyang City ,Henan Province ,China , animal serum samples such as cattle ,dog ,swine ,mice were collected in Shangcheng County and Guangshan County in Xinyang City .All the serum samples were detected by novel bunyavirus ELISA and real time RT-PCR method .A total of 292 animal serum samples were collected including 5 kinds of animals .The result of all the animal serum samples were negative by using real time RT-PCR ,and the positive rate was 45 .19% (141/312) by ELISA method .Of the 5 animal serum samples including mice ,cattle ,goats ,swine and dogs ,the positive rate were detected to be 1 .06% ,100 .00% ,76 .27% ,3 .57% ,and 75 .00%respectively .There was significant difference in results among 5 kind of animal serum antibodies .Animals such as cattle and dog may be the host of novel bunyavirus which were detected novel bunyavirus antibodies in cattle and dog in Xinyang City , Henan Province ,China .

Objective: To investigate the absorption and transepithelial transport characteristics of scutellarin and scutellarein in the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell (Caco-2) monolayer model. The influence factors on these two compounds' absorption were investigated, such as buffer solution, duration of culture, and inhibitors of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP(2)), breast cancer drug resistance protein (BCRP) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Methods: By using Caco-2 monolayer as an intestinal epithelial cell model, the transport process was studied from apical (AP) side to basolateral (BL) side or from BL to AP. The two compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array-detector detection. Transport parameters and apparent permeability coeffients (P(app)) were calculated. Results: The P(app) values of scutellarin and scutellarein were different in two buffer solutions, respectively. In phosphate buffered saline, scutellarin had no absorption from AP to BL, while its P(app) value was 0.74×10(-6) to 1.58×10(-6) cm/s from BL to AP. The P(app) values of scutellarein were 4.33×10(-6) to 6.79×10(-6) cm/s and 1.32×10(-6) to 2.56×10(-6) cm/s from AP to BL and from BL to AP, respectively. The P(app) value gradually decreased with time. The absorption of scutellarein was better than that of scutellarin. The scutellarin absorption was improved by verapamil, MK-571 and reserpine. The scutellarein absorption was improved by verapamil whereas its excretion was improved by MK-571. Conclusion: Absorption of scutellarin is difficult in Caco-2 monolayer cells, which contributes to its low bioavailability. Scutellarein absorption is better than scutellarin absorption. Scutellarein transepithelial transport is passive diffusion. The inhibitor of P-gp can improve scutellarin and scutellarein transportation. The inhibitors of MRP(2) and BCRP can promote transportation of scutellarin. The inhibitor of MRP(2) can promote efflux of scutellarein. The multidrug resistance-associated protein may be the second reason for low bioavailability of scutellarin.

To explore the relationship between meteorological factors and incidences of fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome (FTLS), incidence data of FTLS in Xinyang City were collected and described. The relationship between FTLS and monthly meteorological factors such as average atmospheric pressure, average temperature, average relative humidity, average wind speed and precipitation was analyzed with simple correlation and multi-stepwise linear regression. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between incidence of FTLS and monthly average atmospheric pressure (P<0.01), and there were significant positive correlations between monthly average temperature, monthly average relative humidity, monthly precipitation and incidence of FTLS (P<0.05). The multi-stepwise regression showed that the regression equation was Y (monthly cases) =-12.70 + 0.28X2 (monthly average temperature), and the coefficient of determination was 0.76. The incidences of FTLS are correlated with temperature.

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of different periprocedural anticoagulation strategies in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial ifbrillation. Methods Eighty-five patients aged over 75 undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation from Jul 2011 to Nov 2013 were enrolled. They all took warfarin and transesophageal echocardiograms were performed to rule out left atrium appendage thrombus before ablation. They were divided into 3 groups. In Group 1 (30 cases), warfarin was stopped and bridged with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) 3 days before procedure and LMWH bridging followed by warfarin alone after procedure. In Group 2 (32 cases), warfarin was continued during periprocedural period. In Group 3 (23 cases), Dabigatran or Rivaroxaban alone was used 4 hours after procedure respectively. Unfractionated heparin was used during procedure in all three groups. These three anticoagulation strategies were compared in bleeding, embolism events and other complications during 3-month follow-up. Results In Group 1, there were 1 new-onset ischemic stroke during hospitalization, 7 lower extremity hematomas, 1 subdural hemorrhage during 3-month follow-up and 6 minor bleeding events. In Group 2, there were 4 lower extremity hematomas and 4 minor bleeding events during 3-month follow-up. As for Group 3, only 2 lower extremity hematomas during hospitalization was observed in each without any minor bleeding events during follow-up. Conclusions Catheter ablation in elderly atrial ifbrillation patients was safe and effective in general. Compared with traditional anticoagulation strategy, continuing warfarin or novel oral anticoagulants could reduce bleeding complications without increasing thromboembolism risk.

The transition metal cobalt, an essential cofactor for many enzymes in prokaryotes, is taken up by several specific transport systems. The CbiMNQO protein complex belongs to type-1 energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters and is a widespread group of microbial cobalt transporters. CbiO is the ATPase subunit (A-component) of the cobalt transporting system in the gram-negative thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. Here we report the crystal structure of a nucleotide-free CbiO at a resolution of 2.3 Å. CbiO contains an N-terminal canonical nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and C-terminal helical domain. Structural and biochemical data show that CbiO forms a homodimer mediated by the NBD and the C-terminal domain. Interactions mainly via conserved hydrophobic amino acids between the two C-terminal domains result in formation of a four-helix bundle. Structural comparison with other ECF transporters suggests that non-conserved residues outside the T-component binding groove in the A component likely act as a specificity determinant for T components. Together, our data provide information on understanding of the structural organization and interaction of the CbiMNQO system.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; chemistry ; Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Biological Transport ; Catalytic Domain ; Cobalt ; chemistry ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thermoanaerobacter ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for developmental dysplasia of the hip in adolescent.

METHODSTwelve hips in 9 adolescent patients who underwent a Bernese periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic or asymptomatic developmental dysplasia of the hip were analyzed. The average age of the patients at the time of surgery was 12.9 years(11-14 years). The Harris hip score and overall patient satisfaction with surgery were used to assess hip function and clinical results. Plain radiographs were used to assess the correction of the deformity and to observe progression of degenerative changes.

RESULTSThe average duration of clinical follow-up was 88.5 (60-136) months. The mean Harris hip score increased from 89 ± 6 preoperatively to 97 ± 3 at the time of the most recent follow-up (t = -6.754, P = 0.000). All patients (12 hips) had an excellent clinical result. The lateral center-edge angle of Wiberg increased from 4° ± 13° preoperatively to 36° ± 7° at the time of the most recent follow-up (t = -11.677, P = 0.000). The acetabular roof obliquity decreased from 28° ± 10° preoperatively to 2° ± 8° at the time of the most recent follow-up (t = 9.038, P = 0.000). The acetabular-head index increased from 54% ± 11% preoperatively to 89% ± 13% at the time of the most recent follow-up (t = -11.137, P = 0.000). The hip center was translated medially. Improvement of cystic degeneration of the acetabulum were found in 4 hips. Remodeling of aspherical uncongruence were found in 5 cases. Crossing sign were found in 2 hips postoperatively without symptoms of impingement.

CONCLUSIONSPAO can provide comprehensive deformity correction and improve hip function in treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in adolescence. Some of the patients have improvement of cystic degeneration and remodeling of the hip.

Acetabulum ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Progression ; Hip Dislocation ; surgery ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; Humans ; Osteotomy ; Postoperative Period

Objective:Lung ultrasound (LUS) has been used in the diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) successfully, but there have been no multicenter prospective studies to verify its reliability or determine how to grade RDS with LUS findings.This study aimed to discuss the necessity and feasibility of using LUS findings to determine RDS grades through a multicenter prospective study.Methods:Every researcher participated in the National Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Training Course and receiving 3-6 months of lung ultrasound system training at the National Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Training Center.Patients between June 2018 and May 2020 who met the RDS ultrasound diagnostic criteria and had full available clinical data were included in this study.The LUS examination was completed immediately after the patients were admitted to the hospital.Some of them also underwent chest X-ray examination.Arterial blood gas analysis was completed immediately before or after the LUS ultrasound examination.RDS grading was performed according to the LUS findings and whether the patient had serious complications.Results:A total of 275 qualifying cases were included in this study, which included 220 premature infants and 55 full-term infants, and the primary RDS occurred in 117 cases (42.5%), and secondary RDS occurred in 158 cases (57.5%). LUS manifestations of RDS patients can be divided into three categories: (1)A ground-glass opacity sign: which could be found among 50 infants when they were admitted to the hospital (that was, at their first LUS examination). Twenty-eight of these infants were considered to have wet lungs and were not sent for special management on admission, but LUS showed typical snowflake-like lung consolidation within 0.5 to 4 hours.Twenty-two of them were given mechanical ventilation with exogenous pulmonary surfactant; Eighteen cases were controlled within 6-12 hours, but the lung lesions became more severe in the other 4 infants (due to severe intrauterine infection). (2)Snowflake-like lung consolidations: the first LUS on admission showed typical snowflake-like lung consolidation involving areas ranging from 1-2 intercostal spaces to 12 lung divisions in 204 cases.Thirty-eight infants among them the lung consolidation only had involvement of 1-2 intercostal spaces at the time of admission; Fifteen of them received invasive respiratory support and recovered within 4-12 hours.Twelve patients received noninvasive respiratory support; Seven of them recovered, while five cases developed severe lung illness.The remaining 11 patients who were not given any form of ventilator support developed severe conditions within 1-4 hours.Thirty of them showed snowflake signs involving 12 lung regions at admission.The remaining 136 patients had lung consolidation degree between the two degree above condition.(3)Snowflake-like sign with complications: Twenty-one patients had severe complications such as pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage or/and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn or large area atelectasis, etc, although snowflake lung consolidation did not involve all lung regions.Conclusion:(1) LUS is reliable and accurate for diagnosing RDS.RDS has the same characteristics on ultrasound for both preterm and full-term infants, both primary and secondary RDS.(2) To facilitate the management of RDS, it is necessary to classify RDS according to the ultrasound findings and the presence of severe complications.(3) Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that RDS can be divided into mild, moderate and severe degrees.The exact standards for grading are as follows: Mild RDS: the early stage of RDS, in which lung consolidation shows as a ground-glass opacity sign on ultrasound; Moderate RDS: lung consolidation shows a snowflake sign on ultrasound, not all of the lung fields are involved; Severe RDS meets one or more of the following criteria: lung consolidation shows as a snowflake sign on ultrasound and all lung regions are involved, or regardless of its degree and extent, lung consolidation has caused serious complications, such as pulmonary hemorrhage, pneumothorax, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, or/and a large area of pulmonary atelectasis.

Objective:To investigate the performance of real-time RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in clinical diagnosis of COVID-19.Methods:Laboratory test data and basic case information of Henan COVID-19 cases were collected from the China′s Infectious Disease Information System as of March 5, 2020. All information was entered by local hospitals and Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Local hospitals or country CDC were responsible for sampling and municipal CDC was responsible for nucleic acid testing.Results:A total of 6 714 specimens were detected and the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was 23.82%. The specimens were collected from 1 200 confirmed cases, 2 178 suspected cases and 77 asymptomatic cases. The nucleic acid diagnosis rate of COVID-19 was 36.96% (1 277/3 455). In all cases, the positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in nasal swabs, sputum samples and throat swabs were 19.38%, 28.59% and 23.53%, respectively (χ 2=15.896, P<0.01). The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in confirmed COVID-19 cases was 63.10%. The positive rates in nasal swabs, sputum samples and throat swabs were 50.80%, 58.71% and 65.21 (χ 2=18.612, P<0.01). The positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid were 43.51%, 23.98%, 22.82%, 12.17%, 14.46% and 13.21% in samples collected on the day of symptom onset and one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, five weeks and above five weeks after the onset, respectively. The positive rates in confirmed cases were respectively 89.03%, 86.57%, 52.30%, 17.53%, 17.69% and 24.14% at those time points. Conclusions:Real-time RT-PCR is the most effective method for early pathogenic diagnosis of COVID-19. The highest detection rate of nucleic acid is achieved within one week after the onset of COVID-19, and the latest time for nucleic acid detection is 38 d after the onset.

Objective To explore the characteristics regarding temporal,spatial and spatiotemporal distribution on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Henan province.Methods Surveillance data related to SFTS was collected in Henan province,from year 2014 to 2016.Descriptive method was used to analyze the distribution of SFTS.1.7.0 software related to the Public health geographic information system (PHGIS),was applied to draw the spatial distribution map of SFTS.Chi-square test was used to compare the different incidence rates.Results A total of 2 781 SFTS cases,including 34 deaths,were reported in Henan province from 2014 to 2016,with an average annual fatality rate as 1.22％.There were statistically significant differences for the incidence rates of SFTS between different years (P＜0.01).Cases were mainly concentrated from April to October,which accounted for 96.66％ of the total number,with the incidence peak seen in May.Incidence rates of SFTS in spring,summer,autumn were higher than that in winter.The cases were scattering around in 26 counties of 8 cities.Xinyang city reported 2 714 cases,accounting for 97.59％ of the total number of cases in the province.The average annual incidence rate in Xinyang city was 17.22 per 100 000,much higher than that for the whole Henan province (0.98 per 100 000),with statistically significant difference (P＜0.01).Six counties reported having death cases,that accounted for 23.08％ of the total number of counties,reported to have death cases.Two kinds of incidence patterns of SFTS were noticed in Henan province,with aggregation in some local regions or sporadic in individual counties.The number of counties with reporting cases increased annually.The epidemic area was expanding and gradually spreading from south to north areas of the province.Conclusions SFTS was characterized with both temporal and spatial clusters in Henan province.Effective prevention and control measures should be made in accordance with the spatiotemporal distribution and the trend on SFTS.