According to the actual situation that neurosurgery professional postgraduate is un-even and the ability of operation is low and combined with new requirements of medical development, the author discusses concretely the neurosurgery master graduate students' clinical ability cultivation from the necessity and teaching measures of adding neurosurgery microscopy techniques course, neural micro dissection course, neuroimaging curriculum course. The specific course orienta-tion andproject drive-independent inquiry teaching mode are the characteristics of cultivation measures. The key point for the implementation of measures lies in the teachers' effective guidance of students' intrinsic motivation according to the discipline direction, on the basis of grasping curriculum positioning.

Objective To observe cerebral apoplexy patients complicated with carotid atherosclerosis plaque given aggressive lipid lowering treatment on the prognosis of stroke and reduce the recurrence rate through the large sample study on neurological department of internal medicine.Methods 300 cases of cerebral infarction complicated with different degree of neck lesions were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,each group had 100 cases.Intensive lipid-lowering group received fluvastatin,80mg/d + 100mg aspirin,conventional dose group received fluvastatin,40mg/d + 100mg aspirin,aspirin group was given aspirin 100mg.After 4 weeks,8 weeks,12 weeks,16 weeks,20 weeks,24 weeks,blood lipid level,changes in internal carotid artery plaque (CIMT),plaque area,and the incidence rate of cerebral vascular events after 24 weeks were observed.Results The results of intensive lipid-lowering treatment group IMT (1.06 ± 0.36) mm,plaque area (8.09 ± 0.47) mm3,the incidence rate of cerebral vascular events after 24 weeks (12％),serum lipid levels and regular dose group after treatment with IMT (1.19 ±0.39) mm,plaque area (9.91 ± 0.78) mm3,the incidence rate of cerebral vascular events after 24 weeks (18 ％),serum lipid levels after aspirin group were significantly reduced(P ＜ 0.05).Aspirin group before and after treatment,IMF,plaque area and lipid levels had no significant differences(P ＞ 0.05).Intensive lipid-lowering treatment group compared with the conventional dose group,IMT,plaque area and lipid levels improved obviously(P ＜ 0.05),the recurrence rate of ischemic cerebral vascular disease had significant difference compared with the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intensive lipid-lowering treatment on blood lipid levels,delay and reverse the carotid atherosclerosis is superior to conventional dose using fluvastatin group and simply antiplatelet group,and can prevent the recurrence of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Objective To investigate the principle and its clinical initial application of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT and increase the realization of it. Methods According to the research results of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT and the course of development of the dual-energy imaging to analyze and summarize the basis radiological physics, the principles, the correlation parameters and the clinical initial application of the dual -energy imaging with the dual -source CT. Results The dual -energy imaging with the dual -source CT is different from other common dual-energy imaging, it has its own special feature. Conclusion According to the analysis of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT, greatly increase the realization of the dual-energy imaging with the dual-source CT.

Objective To observe the effect of intravenous low intensity laser radiation (ILLLI) combined with traditional Chinese medicine on TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II of the rabbits of experimental diabetic stroke. Method 35 successfully modeled rabbits, after alloxian injection for diabetes and photochemical radiation for stroke, were randomized into four treatment group-control group (B), ILIB group (C), a group with compound treatment of ILIB and TCH (D), TCM treatment group (E), and 7 unmodeled rabbits were made as the normal group (A). TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II level were observed and compared. Result Compared with group B, group C and E can significantly rectify the disorderly TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II, Group D was better than C and E. Conclusion ILLLI combined with TCM can effectively rectify the TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II level, reduce nervous injury, cure diabetes cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND: Chinese herb tuber fleeceflower root can enhance learning and memory ability and anti-cerebral ischemia ability in rats,while 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside,the main effective component of tuber fleeceflower root,has very strong brain-protecting ef fects such as anti-oxidation and anti-aging.OBJECTIVE: To observe the amelioration of learning and memory dis order after administration of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-3-D-glucoside in mice with learning and memory disorder caused by scopolamine.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Institute of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Institute of Pharmacology,Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences,be tween February 2000 and May 2000.Totally 50 male Kunming mice were recruited and randomized into 5 groups: normal control group, model group,positive control group, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside 0.03 g/kg group (low-dose group), and 2,3,5,4 '-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β- D-glucoside 0.1 g/kg group(high-dose group).2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystil bene-2-O-β-D-glucoside was an effective component extracted from Chinese herb tuber fleeceflower root in the Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences.Piracetam was the positive control drug.Morris water maze and passive avoidance reflex box were made in the Institute of Materia Medica, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.METHODS:Administration was given 5 days before experiment.Tap water was intragastrically grven into the mice in normal group and model group. Piracetam of 0.7 g/(kg.d) was given to the mice in positive control group and 0.03 g/kg of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside was given to small-dose group and 0.1 g/kg to large-dose group for 5 consecutive days.Model establishment started 30 minutes after adminis tration in each group on day 6. The same volume of normal saline was in traperitoneally injected into the mice in normal control group and 1 mg/kg of scopolamine was intraperitoneally injected into mice in the other groups.Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were carried out 20 minters later.Injection dose of model establishment of Morris water maze was 1 mg/kg and that of passive avoidance test was 10 mg/kg.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① Searching distance and time of mice in Morris water maze in each group.② Latency and entry-times of mice in passive avoidance test in each group.RESULTS:All the 50 mice were recruited in the experiment,and 49 of them entered the result analysis,1 mouse in model group died because of intraperitoneal hemorrhage when scopolamine was injected.① Results of Morris water maze test: Searching time and distance were significantly shortened in large-dose group as compared to those in model group[(77.814± 46.492), (99.319± 38.104)s; (1 370.914± 917.40), (1 808.77± 869.36)cm; P all ＜ 0.05]. ② Results of passive avoidance test: The number of en try times in small-dose group and large-dose group was significantly de creased compared with that in model group [(0.00± 0.00), (0.00± 0.00),(0.8571± 2.267) times, P ＜ 0.01], and the latency had an extended tenden cy [(300± 0.00), (300± 0.00), (269.71± 80.128) s ].CONCLUSION: 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside given to mice with learning and memory disorder induced by scopolamine can shorten the searching time and distance in Morris water maze and reduce the number of mistake-making times in passive avoidance test. It suggests that it has ameliorative effects on learning and memory disorder.

Objective To investigate the influence of Tanyu-Tongzhi (TYTZ)recipe on Rho/Rho kinase signal transduction pathway of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in high fat-fed rats.Methods 60 SD rats were divided into 5 groups randomly,a sham-operated group,a model group,a western medicine control group,a high-dose group and a low-dose group of TYTZ recipe.The model of ischemia reperfusion of the myocardium was reproduced by ligation of left descending artery for 30 min followed by releasing the ligation for 2 hours in rats.The downstream substrates of ROCK myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation expression of myocardial tissues in rats were detected by Western blotting method.The levels of RhoA,ROCK Ⅱ mRNA were determined with RT-PCR.Results Compared with the model group,the expression of p-MLC and RhoA,ROCK Ⅱ mRNA were lower in low-dose group of TYTZ,there were significant differences between the two groups(P=0.004、0.003、0.018、0.004,P＜0.01).Conclusion The TYTZ Recipe can protect myocardium from MI/RI.The mechanism of action was related to its inhibiting the protein expression of RhoA,ROCK Ⅱ and p-MLC,restraining the activation of Rho/Rho kinase signal transduction pathway.

The methyl group plays an important role in the rational drug design. Introducing methyl into small molecules has become an important strategy of lead compound optimization. The application of methyl in drug design is reviewed in this paper. Methyl can modulate the physicochemical, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic properties by ortho effect, inductive effect, and conformational effect. It also improves the metabolic stability as a soft metabolic point. In addition, introducing methyl into drug molecules can also be applied as a strategy in new uses of old drugs and generate me-too drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of 2,3,5,4'—tetrahydroxystilbene—2—O—?—D—glucoside(TSG) on the learning and memory ability of mouse dementia models induced by scopolamine METHODS:Mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group,TSG groups(low dose,high dose) and positive control(Piracitam) group All the mouse were intragastrically administrated by drugs After making model,all mice were subjected to Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests RESULTS:Compared with model group,swimming time were significantly reduced in the blank group,positive control group and high dose of TSG group during Morris water maze test (P

Objective:To investigate the biological basis of phlegm syndrome (Tan Zheng) and blood stasis syndrome (Xue-Yu Zheng) in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) through the dynamic observation of the changes of blood lipid hemorheology and vessel endothelium impairment. Methods: SD rats were divided into fi ve groups randomly: the control group fed by normal diet, four model groups fed by 2-, 4-, 8- and 16-week high cholesterol diet, respectively. The indices of blood lipid hemorheology the level of plasma endothelin (ET) and serum nitric oxide (NO) were detected. Results: Compared with normal control group, serum total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C levels raised signif icantly after being given hypercholesterol diet for 2 weeks, and this changes lasted till 16 weeks(P

Objective To study the relationship between the emotion disorder and cognitive function impairment relation and its influence factors with the epilepsy patients.Methods We collected 320 cases epilepsy patients in hospital and 56 cases contrast normally in People’s Hospital of the centre of Zhanjiang, and Carry on the determine of the cognitive function separately, the determine of the emotion status, and the measurement for the quality of life, then carry on statistical analysis.Results In 320 cases with epilepsy patients, 259 cases persons has intellectual Impairment (80.9) (IQ