Objective To understand the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from bone and joint infection sites of orthopedic patients,so as to provide reference for prevention and therapy of bone and joint infection.Methods 114 specimens from bone and joint infection sites of orthopedic patients between June 2010 and October 2013 were surveyed,pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens were analyzed.Results A total of 145 pathogenic isolates were obtained,62.07%(n=90)of which were gram-negative bacteria,34.48%(n=50)were gram-positive bacteria,2.07%(n=3)were Candida spp .,and 1 .38%(n =2)were anaerobic bacteria. The top 4 pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.69%),Staphylococcus aureus (12.41 %),Escherichia coli (11 .03 %),and Enterobacter cloacae (9.65%).These pathogens presented remarkable resistance.The resistant rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime was up to 40.00%;the resistant rates of Escherichia coli to com-pound sulfamethoxazole,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were all 100.00%.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the major pathogens in orthopedic ward,the isolated strains are resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents.

Objective To evaluate the expression of immunohistochemistry markers p53, p16 and Ki-67 in penile cancer and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). Methods 33 patients who suffered penile cancer and received organ-sparing surgery from Jan 2004 to Dec 2013 were retrospectively analysed. The expression of p53, p16 and Ki-67 were detected by EnVision/HRP two steps immunohistochemistry. Results The positive expression rates of p53 in normal penile epithelium, low-grate penile intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grate penile intraepithelial neoplasia, well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and poor-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were 0, 16.7 %, 38.5 %, 30.0 % and 66.7 % respectively. The expression rates of p16 were 20.0 %, 50.0 %, 53.8 %, 70.0 % and 33.3 % respectively. The expression rates of Ki-67 were 0, 16.7 %, 61.5 %, 65.0 % and 75.0 % respectively. Conclusions The combined detection of p16 and Ki-67 can contribute to discover PIN and penile carcinoma much more earlier. p53 may be related to the occurrence and development of low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and p16 may be related to the occurrence and development of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To establish a determination for psoralen and isopsoralen in Longbishu Capsules (Fructus Psoraleae, Herba Leonuri, Succinum, Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu pleiones, Herba Lysimachiae, Spora Lygodii). Methods : TLC-Scanning was used. Results : The average recovery of psoralen was 97.4% and RSD was 3.06%,respectively, and isopsoralen was 97.6% and RSD was 2.72%,respectively. Conclusion : The method can be used for quality control of Longbishu Capsules.

Objective To investigate the effect of ginsenoside on degeneration of learning and memory in aged mice and the mechanism. Method Eighty female C57BL/6J mice aged 20-mo were randomly divided into control group and three ginsenoside treatment groups at dosage of 25,50,100 mg/(kg bw?d) respectively by drinking. In addition, 20 female C57BL/6J mice aged 3 mo were used to be young control group. Eight mo later, the learning and memory abilities of the mice were checked by Morris water maze. Thereafter, the mice were killed by decapitation,and their serum was collected to determine the level of SOD, GSH-Px and MDA. Hippocampal morphology was examined by Nissl stain; and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus was studied using Western blot method. Results 50,100 mg/(kg bw?d) ginsenosides administration could significantly shorten the escape latency of the aged mice in Morris water maze. Furthermore,the alleviated oxidative stress and up-regulated expression of BDNF were observed in 50, 100 (mg/kg?d) ginsenosides groups compared with aged control group. Serum level of GSH-Px was higher in 25 (mg/kg bw?d) ginsenosides group compared to that of aged control group. The number of Nissl-positive cell had no significant difference between all groups. Conclusion 50,100 mg/(kg bw?d) ginsenoside can significantly delay the degeneration of learning and memory in aged mice by lowering oxidative damage and up-regulating BDNF expression in hippocampus.

Compared to ligand-binding assay( LBA) , liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry( LC-MS/MS) methods could improve specificity, reduce the time of method development and enhance efficiency for quantitation of monoclonal antibodies( mAb) .This review summarizes the application of LC-MS/MS assays to the quantitation of mAb in order to facilitate the research of quantitation of mAb in drug development.

Objective To investigate the expression of p38 MAPK gene and p38 MAPK protein,and explore the effect of p38 MAPK in inflammation reaction of severe acute pancreatitis.Methods 48 cases with severe acute pancreatitis were chosen as research group,and another 48 healthy cases as control group.The expression of p38 MAPK gene were investigated by RT-PCR,and the expression of p38 MAPK and P-p38 MAPK protein were investigated by western blot. Results The expression of p38 MAPK mRNA,p38 MAPK protein and P-p38 MAPK protein in research group were higher than that in control group,the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05 ).Conclusion The expression of p38 MAPK gene and p38 MAPK protein were significantly increased in patients with severe acute pancreatitis,which showed that p38 MAPK played an important role in inflammation reaction.

Objective: To explore the depression stares of the elderly experienced the Wenchuan earthquake and to know the related factors. Methods: Using the convenient sampling method, 390 elderly living in Chengdu and Deyang City were included in this investigation. Demographic data was recorded and the Center for Epidemiolog-ic Studies Depression (CES-D) was applied individually. Results: In this sample, 9.8% of the elderly had sus-pected depression symptom and 30.3% had depression symptom. Depression status was related to sex, education,habitual residence, occupation and experiences in earthquake. Compared with the elderly who were males, with middle school education degree, without horrible experiences in the past, with less fearful/helpless/horrible feel-ings in earthquake, the elderly who were females (OR=2.03), with education degree below primary school (OR =2.59), with horrible experiences in the past (OR=2.06), and with strong fearful/helpless/horrible feeling in earthquake (OR=1.59), had more serious depression. Conclusion: After 8 months of Wenchuan earthquake, lo-cal elderly victims are still in severe depression. The elderly who are female, with low education level, engaged in farm work, suffered great loss should be paid special attention.

Genetic modification technology is a new molecular tool for targeted genome modification. It includes zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) technology, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) technology and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) (CRISPR-Cas) nucleases technology. All of these nucleases create DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) at chromosomal targeted sites and induce cell endogenous mechanisms that are primarily repaired by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathway, resulting in targeted endogenous gene knock-out or exogenous gene insertion. In recent years, genetic modification technologies have been successfully applied to bacteria, yeast, human cells, fruit fly, zebra fish, mouse, rat, livestock, cynomolgus monkey, Arabidopsis, rice, tobacco, maize, sorghum, wheat, barley and other organisms, showing its enormous advantage in gene editing field. Especially, the newly developed CRISPR-Cas9 system arose more attention because of its low cost, high effectiveness, simplicity and easiness. We reviewed the principles and the latest research progress of these three technologies, as well as prospect of future research and applications.
Animals ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; Endonucleases ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Humans ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Plants ; Zinc Fingers

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Objective Dynamic observation of plasma endotoxin (ET),plasma TXA2 and PGI2 levels and clinical symptoms in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP),the protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza ligustrazine on the intestinal barrier in severe acute pancreatitis was studied.Methods The 60 cases of severe acute pancreatitis treated in our hospital from August,2014 to October 2015 were studied as the research object,and were randomly divided into the control group and the danchuan group.Two groups of patients received conventional treatment,such as diet,gastrointestinal decompression,early active fluid resuscitation,maintenance of stable electrolyte,anti infection,inhibition of pancreatic secretion,parenteral nutrition and other support treatment,Dan Chuan group on the basis of conventional treatment combined with 10 ml of compound Salvia miltiorrhiza ligustrazine injection of 5% glucose injection,250 ml intrave-nous drip,1 times a day.Two groups of patients with 14 days for a period of treatment,the clinical symp-toms of the two groups were observed after the end of treatment,the clinical symptoms and the changes of la-boratory index.Results ⑴In the group of Dan chuan,the time of patients relieve intestinal pneumatosis or intestinal obstruction,abdominal pain were less than the control group,the difference was statistically sig-nificant (P <0.05).⑵ The recovery time of plasma endotoxin,serum amylase,and leukocyte in the Dan Chuan group were shorter than those in the control group (P <0.05).⑶The incidence,mortality and inci-dence of complications in the control group were significantly lower than those in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).Conclusions Salvia miltiorrhiza ligustrazine has a significant effect on severe acute pancreatitis.It can improve the intestinal microcirculation by correcting the balance between PGI2 and TXA2 ,and can promote the recovery of intestinal function,reduce the incidence of intestinal bacterial and endotoxin,and reduce the incidence of complications.