Endoplasmic reticulum stress will be happened when cells suffer from severe adverse stimulation.Endoplasmic reticulum stress can induce autophagy.Autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress can protect cell for survival, however, they can trigger cell death.In tumor cells, the mutual regulation of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress leads to the imbalance between cell survival and death, which is one of the important factors in determining the efficacy of some antitumor drugs.This paper reviews the progress on autophagy induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in tumor and the effect of autophagic inhibitors on chemosensitivity.

Sternal tumors are uncommon, mostly malignant.Radical resection can offer a definitive cure of these tumors. Improvement of skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction have made coverage of sternal defects reliable .

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.26.011

OBJECTIVE To investigate infection of Chlamydia trachomatis(CT) and Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) in patients with nongonococcal urethritis(NGU). METHODS C.trachomatis was determined by fast immune method of antigen-antibody.U.urealyticum was detected by liquid culture medium. RESULTS Among 320 cases the positive rate of C.trachomatis,and U.urealyticum was 36.25% and 43.75%,respectively.and that of complicated infection was 20.00%.There were significant differences between men and women in C.trachomatis and U.urealyticum infection(P

Objective To study the content difference of naringin in Fructus Aurantii Immaturus of different specifications.Methods HPLC was performed on the Merck- Lichrospher RP-C18(4.6 mm? 250 mm, 5 ? m) with temperature of 35 ℃ .The chromatographic conditions for naringin:the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.3 % Phosphoric acid(20 ∶ 80), at the flow rate of 1 mL/min, and the detection wavelength at 283 nm. Results The content of naringin increased with the diameter of Fructus Aurantii Immature slices.Conclusion It is suggested that there exists significant differences in intrinsic quality among Fructus Aurantii Immaturus of different specifications.

Objective To discuss the treatment method and prognosis of posterior hip dislocation combined with femoral fractures. Methods Twenty nine patients who had been diagnosed as cases of posterior hip dislocation combined with femoral head fracture were reviewed, with their type of fracture, timing of treatment and method of treatment analyzed. Twenty seven (93.1%) of the 29 cases were followed up from 1987 to 2002 for an average period of seven years. Their prognosis was evaluated according to the x ray radiography and the function of hip joints. Results According to Pipkin IV classification, 13 cases were Pipkin Ⅰ(44.8%), 9 cases Pipkin Ⅱ(31%), 3 cases Pipkin Ⅲ(10%), and 4 cases Pipkin Ⅳ(14.2%). In type I, 9 cases were rated as excellent (33.3%), 2 good (7.4%), 1 fair (3.7%) and 0 poor (0%) by Harris hip score. In typeⅡ, 0 case was rated as excellent (0%), 2 cases good (7.4%), 4 fair (14.9%) and 2 poor (7.4%). In type Ⅲ, 1 case was rated as excellent, 0 good (0%), 1 fair (3.7%) and 1 poor (3.7%). In type Ⅳ, 0 case was rated as excellent (0%), 2 good (7.4%), 1 fair (3.7%) and 1 poor (3.7%). In all the 29 cases, those which needed total hip arthroplasty (THA) were four (13.7%). Conclusions The choice of treatment method should be determined by the mechanism of injury and the type of fracture. The factors ensuring a satisfactory prognosis are: (1) The age of the patients should be younger than 40 years. (2) Since a timely reduction can prevent the onset of avascular necrosis of femoral head, it should be finished within 12 hours after the injury, and the fixation should be done within 10 days. (3) In all types, early reduction of hip dislocation, early stabilization, anatomic reduction of the fracture should be achieved. (4) The prevention of possible complications should be taken into serious consideration.

Objectives:To investigate the changes of portal hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and its clinical value. Methods:Forty patients with liver cirrhosis and twenty healthy volunteers as controls were involved in this study.The max diameters,mean flow velocity,flow rate and congestion index(CI) of the portal vein trunks(PV) and splenic veins(SV) were detected by Color Doppler Ultrasound in all subjects. Results:The PV diameters(PVD), PVT flow rate(PVF), PVCI and SV diameter(SVD),SV flow rate(SVF),SVCI were significantly highter in patients than in controls( P

Objective: To study the mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM 1 and CD44s in non small cell lung cancer as well as nearby normal lung tissue. Methods: RT PCR and SP immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM 1 and CD44s in 42 non small cell lung cancer and nearby normal lung tissue. Results: The expression level of ICAM 1 and CD44s increased in NSCLC tissue than in normal tissue. No correlations were noted in expression of ICAM 1 and CD44s and pathological type, histological differentiation and TNM stage. But there was significant correlation between abnormal expressions of ICAM 1 and CD44s and lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: These results suggest that the level of ICAM 1 and CD44s genes expression in lung cells increases as they progress from normal to the transformed stage, that indicate these two genes are involved in the process of lung cancer development.

Objective To investigate the relationship of resistance mechanisms of a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain and a Morganella morganii strain resistance to carbapenems isolated from a single specimen. Methods Sensibility of antimicrobial agents was detected by agar dilution method. Specific PCR and DNA sequence analysis were performed to detect resistance genes. Plasmid feature was detected by plasmid conjugation and electrophoresis analysis. Genetic environment around blaKPC was analyzed with sequencing. The changes of outer membrane permeability were analyzed with electrophoresis of outer membrane proteins. Results blaKPC-2 was detected in 2 original isolates strains and their transconjugants. Carbapenem-resistance was successfully transfered by conjugation experiments. blaKPC-2 was located on dissimilar plasmids, but genetic environment around blaKPC-2 was the same sequence. The Morganella morganii isolate showed a loss of 38 ×103 OMPs and an additional 36 ×103 OMPs appearance, while the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate showed a loss of OMPK36. Conclusion blaKPC-2 was detected in 2 isolates. This gene encoded by two plasmids with different sizes was located on the same composite transposon. The lack of outer membrane proteins could also play an important role causing isolates to exhibite resistance to carbapenems.

Objective To investigate the expression of Oct4 protein and analyze its correlation with the clinic pathological features and prognosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Methods The oct4 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis in 87 specimens of bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 15 specimens of adjacent normal tissues.A correlation between Oct4 and clinic pathological features was analyzed.Results The positive rate of Oct4 protein was significantly higher in bladder cancer than that in normal bladder tissue (P＜0.01).The positive rate of Oct4 protein was 40.7％ in G1 bladder cancer,69.4％ in G2 bladder cancer and 91.7％ in G3 bladder cancer,and the differences was significant (P＜0.01).All patients were followed up for 3-78 months,and 63 of them relapsed.The expression of Oct4 protein was significantly higher in patients of recurrence than in non-recurrence (77.8％ ∶ 37.5％,P ＜ 0.01 ).21 patients of recurrence were in progression,and the expression of Oct4 protein had no significant differences between patients of progression and non-progression (71.4％ ∶65.2％,P ＞0.05).The positive rate of Oct4 protein was not related with gender,age,tumor number and size (P ＞0.05).Conclusion The detection of Oct4 protein is in favor of early detection of bladder tunor,estimation the degree of differentiation and surveillance for recurrence of superficial bladder cancer.