Colorectal polyps are common digestive system diseases in children. The important role of endoscopy in the di-agnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps in children has been recognized. With the continuous development of endoscopic techniques, the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyp has become safer, more convenient and more effective. In this re-view, the progress in endoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps in children has been summarized.

Objective To study the content difference of naringin in Fructus Aurantii Immaturus of different specifications.Methods HPLC was performed on the Merck- Lichrospher RP-C18(4.6 mm? 250 mm, 5 ? m) with temperature of 35 ℃ .The chromatographic conditions for naringin:the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.3 % Phosphoric acid(20 ∶ 80), at the flow rate of 1 mL/min, and the detection wavelength at 283 nm. Results The content of naringin increased with the diameter of Fructus Aurantii Immature slices.Conclusion It is suggested that there exists significant differences in intrinsic quality among Fructus Aurantii Immaturus of different specifications.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypertension and hyperuricemia (HUA) on renal function.Method Total 1 209 subjects undergoing health check up from December 2000 to December 2002 and 45 patients with renal disorders were enrolled in the study.The blood pressure,height,weight,renal function and liver function were measured; and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated.The GFR in patients with hypertension,HUA and hypertension with HUA was compared.Results The incidence of hypertension in HUA group and non-HUA was 23.9％ (58/243) and 13.9％ (134/966),respectively (x2 =14.52,P =0.000).GFR in HUA with hypertension,HUA and hypertension groups were (69.1 ± 30.5),(82.8 ± 25.3) and (90.1 ± 21.7) ml · min-1 · (1.73 m2)-1,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for GFR were UA,systolic pressure and age.After 5 years of follow up,GFR in hypertension group was significantly decreased from (90.7 ± 18.1) to (85.6 ± 17.6)ml·min-1 · (1.73 m2)-1m,in HUA group from (86.3±10.9) to(62.1 ±8.2) and inHUAwith hypertension group from (77.9 ± 18.9) to (49.3 ±9.8) ml · min-1 · (1.73 m2)-1,UA and age were the long-term factors that affect GFR (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Both hyperuricemia and hypertension can impair the kidney function,if hypertension is complicated with hyperurecemia the effect is more marked.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and security of one-stop hybrid cardiac surgery for the treatment of elderly patients with complex heart disease.Methods From November 2013 to March 2014,a total of 5 patients[4 male,age:71-78years] underwent one-stop hybrid approach in the hybrid operating room with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 3 cases,2 cases of diabetes,3 cases of hypertension,valvular heart disease in 3 cases,PDA in 1 case,4 patients with multivessel coronary disease.Right minimally invasive cardiac surgery(coronary artery bypass grafting or valvular surgery) and percutaneous intervention were performed in an enhanced operative unit.The efficacy and security of one-stop hybrid cardiac surgery were evaluated after the procedure.Results The one-stop hybrid procedure was successful in all patients.Operation time was (125 ± 28) minutes,CPI time was (65 ± 33) minutes,CPB time was (60 ± 23) minutes,Aortic cross clamping time was (42 ± 18) minutes,postoperative mechanical ventilation time was (20.5 ±6.5)hours and ICU monitoring time was (68.9 ± 16.6)hours.Hospitalization time was (9.8 ± 3.7) days.Patients remained free from angina,prosthetic valve dysfunction and patent ductus arteriosus recanalisation(rang 1 to 5 months) follow-up period.Conclusion One-stop hybrid cardiac surgery provides a reasonable,feasible and safe alternative for treating elderly patients with complex heart disease.

Objective To detect the expressions of HuR and COX-2 in epithelial ovarian carcinoma,and investigate the correlation of HuR and COX-2 expression. In addition, we attempt to seek the pathway to prevent the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian cancer by combined analysis of various clinicopathologic characteristics. Methods The expressions of HuR and COX-2 in 68 epithelial ovarian carcinoma, 10 borderline ovarian tumors and 5 normal ovarian tissues were examined by S-P immunohistochemical method. The relationship of HuR and COX-2 expressions with clinicopathologic parameterwere evaluated by correlation analysis. Results(1) The expression of HuR in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue (76. 47% ,52/68) was significantly higher than that in borderline epithelial ovarian tumor tissues (30. 00% ,3/10) and normal ovarian tissues (0, x2 = 18. 873, Ps ＜ 0. 05), but there were no significant differences betweenthe expressions of HuR in borderline epithelial ovarian tumor and normal ovarian tissue(P ＞ 0. 05).(2) The positive expression rate of cytoplasmic HuR in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and borderline epithelial ovarian tumor were 45.60% (31/68) and 10. 00% (1/10) respectively,but normal ovarian tissues showed no staining of HuR. We found no significant differences between the expression of cytoplasmic HuR in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and borderline epithelial ovarian tumor or normal ovarian tissue(x2 = 7. 999 ,P =0. 018).(3) The positive expression rate of cytoplasmic HuR in epithelial ovarian carcinoma of FIGO stage Ⅲ - Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ(56. 09% vs. 29. 63%, x2 = 4. 598, P = 0. 032). The positive expression rates of cytoplasmic HuR in epithelial ovarian carcinoma of histological grade 1,2,3 were 10. 00%,46. 67% ,57. 14% respectively, which showed significant difference in the comparison among the three groups (x2 =6. 627 ,P =0. 036). (4) The positive expression rates of COX-2 in epithelial ovarian cancer (67. 64%)and borderline epithelial ovarian tumor tissues (60. 00%) were significantly higher than that in normal ovarian tissues (0, Ps ＜ 0. 05), but we found no significant difference in the comparison between the expression of malignant and borderline ovarian tumors. Statistical analysis showed that the positive expression rate of COX-2 in epithelial ovarian carcinoma was correlated with FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis. (5)There was a significantly positive correlation between cytoplasmic HuR and COX-2 expressions in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Conclusion The expressions of HuR and COX-2 increased in the epithelial ovarian carcinoma, and the cytoplasmic expression of HuR was significantly correlated with the expression of COX-2. These results suggested that increased cytoplasmic expression of HuR and COX-2 expression might play important roles in the initiation and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Objective To explore the method for repair of total avulsion of 2~4 fingers and to find the best procedure. Methods The wrap-round flap with part toenail combind with the dorsal pedical flap to repair soft tissue defect of the dorsal of finger and part of the palmar of finger, the second simepulp flap to repair soft tissue defect of the palmar of finger,transfer of two tissues with one pedicle to repair total avulsion of 2~4 fingers. Results All of 9 composite transplants in 6 cases were survived,the received areas were primary healing in 8 finger,1 case repaired by the bilateral wrap-round flaps and second simepulp flaps for index and middle finger,the distal phalanx of middle finger necrosis because of dislocation of DIP,3 months later,injury healed after the necrosis of phalanx excised,but the nail and the nail bed were dead.Except 1 case which the grafted skin necrotized in the donor area of the big toe,the rest had primary healing.All cases were followed up 6~14 months,the activity of joints were: MP 0-70,PIP 0-40.The repaired pulps had excellent appearance,the nail was fine,1 finger's mail was atrophy and 1 finger's nail was defect.The donor area had good fountion without pain and edema,the grafted skin had normal color and the activity of joints were nomal. Conclusion The wrap-round flap with part toenail combined with the second simepulp flap is a good approach in treatment of the skin avulsion injury in the finger.

Objective To observe the response of the guiding vane to axial flow pump by testing two types of miniature axial flow pump,which have been developed by our group in recent years.Methods Two types of axial flow pump were tested in a mock circulation apparatus.Results The outputs of the two types of miniature axial flow pump all attain 5L/min against the pressure of 13.332kPa,which is enough for left ventricular assistance.The outputs are similarly related to their pre-load and after-load pressure.In this study,the guiding vane does not produce a significant affection on the hydrodynamic characteristic of the axial follow pump.Conclusion The guiding vane may be neglected in the design to improve the blood compatibility of a axial flow pump heart assist device.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of neohesperidin in Fructus Aurantii Immaturus.Methods The optimum proess was investigated by L9(34) orthogonal design with the content of neohesperidin as the observation index.Results Extraction times were the main factors for neohesperidin extraction.The optimal process condition was as follows:adding 6-fold 70 %ethanol,extracting for 3 times,one hour for each extraction.Conclusion The optimal extraction technology of neohesperidin in Fructus Aurantii Immaturus is stable and reliable.

OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship among the genes types ureA,cagA,vacA,gene vacA subtypes and Helicobacter pylori(Hp)-related upper gastrointestinal diseases in this study.METHODS Eighty-four Hp strains were identified from bacteria isolated and cultured from the gastric mucosa tissue.Genes ureA,cagA,vacA,and gene vacA subtypes were typed using PCR with specific primers.RESULTS In 84 identified Hp strains,the positive ratio of gene ureA was 100.00%,of gene cagA was 90.48%,and of gene vacA was 95.24%.The positive ratio of genes cagA and vacA was lower in gastric cancer than in gastritis and peptic ulcer(P0.05).CONCLUSIONS ure+,cagA+ and vacAm2 subtypes of Hp are predominant in patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases in Zhenhai District,Ningbo,Zhejiang Province.They are more common in patients with gastric ulcer and gastritis.

Objective:To discuss the effects of recombinant IFN-α-IL-18 fusion protein on chicken lymphocyte transformation and the chicken nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB ) activity.Methods: The recombinant plasmids pPICZ-IFN-α, pPICZ-IL-18 and pPICZ-IFN-α-IL-18 were constructed,and transformed into P.Pastoris X-33 strain by electroporation.The recombinant proteins were ex-pressed under the induction of 1% methanol,and detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The biological activities of the expressed products were detected by the lymphocyte transformation test,the NF-κB concentration in chicken lymphocyte and lymphocytic nucleus were detected at different times with ELISA.Results:SDS-PAGE and Western blot showed that the expressed products existed in super-natant,and the molecular weights were about 22 kD,23 kD and 43 kD,respectively.The expressed products IL-18 and IFN-α-IL-18 could stimulate chicken lymphocyte transformation (P<0.05),the biological activity of IFN-αstimulating lymphocyte transform was feeble (P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the total NF-κB concentration in chicken lymphocyte induced by IL-18 and IFN-α-IL-18 were increased (P<0.05),and the NF-κB in lymphocytic nucleus was increased significantly (P<0.01).Otherwise,the total NF-κB in lymphocyte induced by IFN-αincrease was limited (P>0.05),but the NF-κB in lymphocytic nucleus showed the remarkable increase ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion: IFN-α-IL-18 and IL-18 can promote lymphocyte transformation significantly, the activity of IFN-αinduced lymphocyte transformation is imperfect.The biological activity of stimulating lymphocyte transformation is associated with the NF-κB expression,activation and nucleo-cytoplasmic transport.The study built foundation for the function of IFN-α-IL-18 fusion protein and the exploration of the role of controlling epidemic diseases.