Objective To evaluate the effects of stellate ganglion block(SGB) in treating seroma after modi-fled radical mastectomy of breast cancer.Methods 76 patients were treated with SGB besides local compressed bind-ing and were evaluated after ten days.Results There were ten seroma with the incidence rate of 13.2% and no skin flap necrosis.Conclusions SGB combined with local compressed binding could treat secroma after modified radical mastectomy of breast cancer.

Objective To provide application stellate ganglion block treatment of hot flashes′latest data by clinical.Methods 24 patients who were put in the research were taken record of each patient after stellate ganglion block when two months later,especially of the clinical symptoms and hot -flashes -onset,and they were asked to fill a symptom questionnaire for each one.The main concern of hot flashes in patients with seizure frequency of hot flashes and score changes were observed.The data were analyzed.Results After the implementation of stellate ganglion block,the number of episodes of hot flashes in breast cancer patients,and ratings declined,and after 6 weeks decreased by 46% and 49%.21 patients observed in Horner's syndrome.Conclusion Stellate ganglion block for the control of hot flashes in breast cancer is effective.

Objective To observe therapeutic effect of levobupivacaine and roplvacaine in curing seroma after modified radical mastectomy of breast cancer by satellite ganglion block. Methods A total of 90 patients were collected and randomly divided into three groups. L group (Levobupivacaine) included 30 patients. 30 patients were in R group(roplvacaine). The rest 30 patients in the control group were treated without satellite ganglion block. The amount of drainage, the condition of incision concrescence, the number of drainage tube pulled out before the treatment as well as on the seventh day and tenth day after the treatment were recorded respectively. Results Statistical significance was found between C group and L, R group in prior and post treatment, the amount of seroma decreased on each observation point (P ＜ 0.05), the number of drainage tube pulled out increased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). No significant differences were found between L and R group ( P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion The application of levobupivacaine and roplvacaine in curing seroma after modified radical mastectomy of breast cancer by satellite ganglion block was safe and effective, both of them could be used.

Objective To investigate the effect of cinobufacin on P53,PTEN and HIF-1αin patients with advanced lung cancer.Methods 100 cases with advanced lung cancer were divided into two groups.control group(n=50) were treated with routine treatment, experiment group(n=50) on the base of the control group with 0.3 g cinobufacin,3 times per day oral.P53, PTEN, HIF-1α,tumor marker,survival rate and mortality were compared after the treatment.Results Compared with the control group,the serum levels of P53, HIF-1αexpression level was lower(P<0.05),PTEN expression level was higher (P<0.05),CEA,NSE,CYFRA21-1,CA125 were lower(P<0.05);the survival rate was higher, the mortality was lower(P<0.05). Conclusion Cinobufacin can regulate the advanced lung cancer patients serum P53, PTEN and HIF-1αlevels and reduce the tumor markers levels, improve the survival rate.It is of great importance for clinical treatment of advanced lung cancer.

The tralning system for orthopedic surgeon in Britaln is mature and complete. After completing education in medical college, medical students receive a 2-year base tralning (FY1, FY2), which focus on learning and consolidating basic medical knowledge and clinical skill, followed by a 6-year specialist tralning, which subdivides into tralning of ankle and foot, hand, should and elbow, hip, knee, spine, and pediatric surgery, provided by several district hospital (Peripheral hospitals). Students are required to return to teaching center for review, ward inspection, case discussion at regular inter-vals. Compared with the specialist tralning system based on the hospital staffs in chi-na, the role ofsocial workersin British during the period of tralning makes better mobility of tralnee among medical institutions and medical treatments, which makes the tralning more comprehensive and professional. In addition, there is no consistent system for examination and admittance of specialist, and awareness of specialist tralning among medical institutions and doctors is weak. Therefore, it should be done to form a single tralning system and unify the tralning specification and assessment standard.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of activated carbon nanoparticles for guiding lymphadenectomy in advanc-ing rectal cancer. Methods:Eighty rectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic curative resection for rectal cancer were divided into two groups:control group (40 cases) and experiment group (40 cases). The experiment group received carbon nanoparticle-labeled lymph nodes in surgery. The number of lymph nodes, lymph nodes≤5 mm in size, and positive lymph nodes, as well as the side effect of the procedure, were analyzed. Results:No complications were observed in the experiment group. The experiment group showed sig-nificantly higher values (P<0.05) than the control group for average number of lymph nodes (25.5 ± 8.78 vs. 16.05 ± 4.84), lymph nodes≤5mm in size (22.6 ± 8.25 vs. 13.65 ± 4.62), and positive lymph nodes (3.13 ± 4.14 vs. 1.35 ± 2.06). During operation, two dyed lymph nodes in two cases were found at the roof of the inferior mesenteric artery and along the side of the internal iliac artery. Dissec-tion was extended for these patients and the dyed lymph nodes were confirmed to be positive. Conclusion:Local injection of activated carbon nanoparticles around the tumor during surgical exploration was an effective, secure, and easy approach for guiding lymphade-nectomy in rectal cancer patients.

Objective To observe the effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on humoral immunity func-tion in patients who received modified radical mastectory (MRM). Methods Eigty female patients were randomly divided into control group(group Ⅰ ,n =40) and intervention group (group Ⅱ,n =40). Blood samples were taken pre-intervention (T1), after intervention ( T2 ) and 30 rain after operation ( T3 ) for the determination of lgG, IgA, IgM. Results Compared with T1, IgG, IgA, IgM at T2 and T3 in two groups were lowered, IgG [ ( 11.8±2.2 ) g/L vs (9.5 + 1.5) g/L,t = 5. 4630,P =0.0041 ] and IgA [(1.9±0.3)g/L vs (1.7±0.4) g/L,t =2. 5298,P = 0.0134 ] at T3 in group Ⅱ were significantly different as compared with that of group Ⅰ ; IgM at T2 [ (2.5±0.8 ) g/L vs (2.1±0.6)g/L,t =2.8276,P=0.0072] and T3[ (2.1±0.5)g/L vs (1.6±0.5)g/L,t =4.4721,P = 0.0000 ] was significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions Preoperative-SGB can improve the inhibi-tion degree of humoral immunity caused by modified radical mastectory.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery on patients with early breast can-cer near the mammary areola. Methods:A total of 60 patients with early breast cancer underwent breast-conserving surgery in the Sec-ond Department of Breast Surgery, Tangshan People's Hospital from February 2011 to November 2013. These patients were random-ized into two groups, namely, the experimental Group A (n=30) and the control Group B (n=30). Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery was performed on the patients in Group A, whereas Group B underwent standard breast-conserving surgery. The specimen weight of the locally excised breast, the nearest distance of the tumor to the surgical margins, and the postoperative cosmetic result of the affected breast were compared between the two groups. Results: The specimen weights of the locally excised breast were 71.03 ± 12.92 and 41.53±7.13 g, and the nearest distances of the tumor to the surgical margins were 13.30±2.97 and 10.63±1.65 mm in Groups A and B, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The postoperative satisfaction rates of the affected breast were 93.33%and 83.33%in Groups A and B, respectively, without any significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). Con-clusion:A larger amount of excised breast tissue and a wider scope of surgical margins were observed in Group A patients. However, the postoperative cosmetic result of the affected breast was almost similar for both groups. Therefore, oncoplastic breast-conserving sur-gery is a feasible and effective approach for early breast cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of tannic acid on glomerular mesangial cells (GMC),and to clarify the mechanism of tannic acid in improving the pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy (DN)from the aspect of oxidative stress and micro-inflammation. Methods The glomerular mesangial cells were treated with glucose (30 mmol·L-1 )or advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs)bovine serum albumin(BSA)(250 mg·L-1 )and then different concentrations of tannic acid (10,20,40 and 80μmol·L-1 )were added into the GMC.The cells cultured by normal glucose or treated with BSA were used as control groups and then the level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px ), superoxide Dismutase (SOD ), CAT (Catalase ) activities and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)levels in the culture supernatant 48 h after culture were determined by colorimetry and ELISA method. The expressions of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 ) protein, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1 ) and ICAM-1 mRNA in GMC were detected by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR method.Results Compared with high glucose and AGEs groups,the MDA levels in tannic acid groups were reduced significantly(P<0.05);the activities of GSH-Px,SOD and CAT were increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the 8-OHdG levels in annic acid groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with high glucose and AGEs groups,the expressions levels of ICAM-1 protein in 40 and 80μmol· L-1 tannic acid groups were decreased (P<0.05 ). The mRNA expressions levels of MCP-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly lower than those in high glucose group (P<0.01 ).Conclusion Tannic acid could protect GMC against the damage of oxidative and inflammatory mediators,thereby delaying and improving the glomerular lesions of DN.

Objective To study the relationship between the selection of tube tension in digitalchest radiograph and image quality.Methods When tube current was fixed at 4 mAs, the choice of X-ray tube voltage changed from 60 to 120 kV.CDRAD2.0 contrast details phantom and normal human chest were exposed by X-ray system with 7 kinds of tube voltage (the difference between tube voltage was 10 kV) ,and the X-ray incidental dose of phantom surface was measured.Five radiologists with 3 years working experience evaluated the image quality on monitor and calculated the image quality factor (IQF) and image reading score.Statistics analysis was then performed by using ANOVA test and t test.According to the results, the optimum tube voltage range was determined.Results (1) The incidental dose of phantom surface increased with the higher tube voltage.(2)When the tube voltage was changed from 60 kV to 120 kV, the IQF value observed in CDRAD2.0 phantom image on monitor was 75.0±10.4,57.1±6.4,52.7±2.5,47.9±4.5, 46.0±3.8,46.0±2.8,45.2±3.5 ,there was significant statistical differences between groups(F=19.10, P<0.01).(3)The integrated score of the chest image quality in the tube voltage 90 kV and 120 kV were 12.4±0.9 and 13.0±0.7, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between two groups(t= 1.500,P>0.05).Conclusions (1)With the increase of tube tension,the display capacity of display device gradually strengthened.When the tube tension exceeded 90 kV, the increase of image quality on monitor was not evident.(2) With proper radiation dose, the value of tube tension in digital X-ray chest photograph was about 90 kV.