Bacterial liver abscess is a rare and life-threatening disease, and, clinically, its incidence has gradually increased in recent years. In terms of its treatment, percutaneous puncturing drainage combined with antibiotics has been the first-line therapeutic means, and surgical procedures are often used for patients in whom the interventional drainage is ineffective or in whom the liver abscess is complicated by abdominal disease that needs surgical management. Percutaneous catheter drainage and percutaneous fine needle aspiration, regarded as the two most commonly used interventional drainage methods, have been widely employed in the treatment of bacterial liver abscess; and percutaneous catheter drainage is more commonly adopted in clinical practice. Although the prognosis of bacterial liver abscess has been improved significantly, there is still a certain fatality rate. There is still no a well-accepted consensus on treatment guidelines. Moreover, there are still many controversies over the indications of percutaneous puncturing drainage. Based on a comprehensive review of the domestic and foreign literature, this paper aims to make a detailed introduction concerning percutaneous puncturing drainage for the treatment of bacterial liver abscess, focusing on its development history, curative effect and prognosis, and, in order to guide the clinical practice, the principles of the use of antibiotics, the comparison of clinical effect with surgery and the therapeutic indications will be also discussed.

Intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) is a primary tumor originating from the epithelial cells of bile duct. In recent years, incidence of ICC in the world is on the rise, and it has become the second common malignant tumors of the liver, with its incidence being next only to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The onset of ICC is insidious, its clinical manifestations are lack of specificity, most of the patients are already in the advanced stage when the diagnosis is confirmed, thus, affecting the treatment and prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment is essential. The radical treatment plan is mainly surgical excision, and other treatment options include systemic chemotherapy, local ablation, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), selective intraarterial radiotherapy with yttrium-90 microspheres (SIRT-90Y), 125I seed implantation, etc. This article aims to make a comprehensive introduction about the recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of ICC. (J Intervent Radiol, 2018, 27:285-289)

Interventional therapy has become an important palliative therapy for advanced liver cancer, and meanwhile, interventional therapy is playing an important role in the downstaging of liver cancer. Local interventional therapy can help patients meet the criteria for transplantation or resection by reducing tumor volume and number in patients with advanced liver cancer. Interventional downstaging techniques include transarterial chemotherapy, drug-eluting beads, transarterial radioembolization, and various ablation techniques (radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, and ethanol ablation). No consensus has been reached on the optimal interventional downstaging strategy, while high-level evidence-based clinical studies are needed to screen out the optimal candidates for different methods and evaluate the complexity, safety, and long-term efficacy of subsequent liver transplantation after interventional downstaging therapy, so as to improve the effect of interventional therapy in the downstaging of advanced liver cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous osteoplasty(POP)in the treatment of osteolytic metastases of the pelvis.Methods The clinical data of a total of 40 patients with pelvic osteolytic metastases,who received CT-guided POP at the Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University between October 2011 and December 2021,were collected.Visual analogue scale(VAS)score was used to evaluate the clinical pain relief degree at one week,one month,3 months,6 months and 12 months after POP,and the joint function and the used dose of analgesic drugs were recorded.The preoperative and the postoperative 3-month,6-month and 12-month extents of the pelvic tumor destruction were compared.Based on the progression of local lesions within 12 months of follow-up,the patients were divided into controlled group and progression group.The proportion of using systemic anti-tumor therapy,the size of lesion,the amount of bone cement injected,and the cement filling ratio were compared between the two groups.Results Successful surgical procedure was accomplished for 57 lesions in 40 patients.The mean amount of bone cement injected was(4.56±2.25)mUpoint.In the 40 patients,the preoperative and the postoperative one-week,one-month and 3-month VAS score were(8.00±0.85)points,(2.05±0.96)points,(2.08±0.94)points and(2.18±0.84)points respectively,the difference in VAS score between preoperative value and postoperative one-week value was statistically significant(P＜0.01).In 37 patients,the postoperative 6-month VAS score was(2.35±0.54)points;and in 28 patients,the postoperative 12-month VAS score was(2.43±0.79)points.The differences in VAS score between postoperative one-week value and postoperative one-month,3-month,6-month,and 12-month values were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05),while the differences in VAS score between preoperative value and postoperative values were statistically significant(F=316.3,P＜0.01).The postoperative 3-month,6-month,and 12-month local control rates were 96.49％,85.19％,and 78.12％respectively,the differences between each other among the above three values were statistically significant(P=0.026).No statistically significant differences in the proportion of using systemic anti-tumor therapy,the lesion size and the amount of bone cement injected existed between the controlled group and the progression group(all P＞0.05).The cement filling ratio in the controlled group and the progression group was(81.26±9.17)％and(68.40±12.98)％respectively,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion For the treatment of pelvic metastases,CT-guided POP is clinically safe and effective.The injected bone cement can control the progression of local lesions for a longer time.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1197-1201)

Objective To explore the effects of facial asymmetry on stress distributions in temporomandibular joints (TMJs) for patients with mandibular prognathism. Methods Eight 3D maxillofacial models were established in MIMICS based on cone-beam CT of 4 mandibular prognathism patients with asymmetry and 4 mandibular prognathism patients without asymmetry. Muscle forces and boundary conditions corresponding to the unilateral occlusion (unilateral molar chewing) were applied on the models in ABAQUS. The maximum and the minimum principal stresses of TMJ were chosen for analysis. Results There were significant differences in the maximum and minimum principal stresses at the condyles between the mandibular prognathism patients with and without facial asymmetry under unilateral occlusions (P<0-05). Compared with patients without facial asymmetry, the stresses on the condyle in patients with asymmetry increased by 2-3 times, and the stresses on articular fossa increased by 5-7 times. Among the mandibular prognathism patients with asymmetry, the stresses of the ipsilateral TMJ in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) were significantly higher than those in patients without TMD. Conclusions Facial asymmetry increased the stresses of the articular fossa and condyle in patients with mandibular prognathism. TMD would cause greater stresses in ipsilateral TMJ of the mandibular prognathism patient with asymmetry. Therefore, different treatment strategies should be considered for mandibular prognathism with facial asymmetry.

Objective To study the biomechanical effect of jumping distance on dental implants with socket-shield technique (SST), so as to provide references for clinical standards of jump distance. Methods Based on clinical characteristics, four groups of three-dimensional (3D) SST implant system models with 0, 0. 5, 1 and 1. 5 mm jumping distance were established, and the corresponding material parameters were assigned. The peak stress and stress distributions on models were simulated under specific occlusal condition. Results When the jumpingdistance was non-zero, namely, the implant was not in contact with the retained root fragment, the stress of the implant and abutment increased with the increase of jumping distance, and the peak stress in root fragment and periodontal membrane decreased with the increase of jumping distance. When the jumping distance was zero, the peak stress of the implant, abutment, root fragment and periodontal membrane reached the maximum, far exceeding that of the other groups. Conclusions The jumping distance has a significant effect on the SST implant system. It is recommended to take a larger jumping distance in clinical practices. The edge of the root fragment should be rounded, and the size of the lower edge should not be too small.