Objective To establish the determination method of Paeoniflorin in Xiaoshuan pills. Methods Extract solvent and time was studied by HPLC method. The HPLC system consisted of Lichrospher C18 column (5 ?m,150 mm?4.6 mm) and methanol-water (30∶70) as the mobile phase. The detective wavelength was 230 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the temperature was 25 ℃. Results The powder of Xiaoshuan pills was extracted with methanol. The Paeoniflorin was linear within the range of 0.051～0.510 mg/mL, the average recovery was 98.37%, and RSD was 3.13%. Conclusion The method is simple, highly exclusive, and suitable for quality control of Xiaoshuan pills.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of kidney sparing operation in the surgical treatment of calculous pyonephrosis. Methods 31 cases of calculous pyonephrosis were treated by nephrolithotomy or ureterolithotomynephropyelostomy with a double J catheter stent in the ureter.23 cases have been followed up and evaluate. Results The renal function returned to some extent in 78.3%(18/23).However,renal atrophy was observed in 21.7%(5/23) one year after and stone recurrence in 13%(3/23). Conclusions Calculous pyonephrosis of short course on reliving the obstruction would cause the return of renal blood circulation and renal function in near 80.0% of the cases.Thickness of the remaining renal cortex might not be the sole parameter to keep the kidney or not.To save the kidney in calculous pyonephrosis of short course might be feasible.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; surgery ; Supination

AIM: To study the pharmacokinetics and rela ti ve bioavailability of naftopidil in healthy male volunteers. METHODS: The naftopidil concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC. The test and reference formulations of naftopidil were given to 18 healthy male volunteer s. The calibration curve was linear within the range of 1.6 - 400 ?g?L -1 , r=1. The minimum detection limit was 1 ?g?L -1 . The mean recovery rate was 85.2 %- 89.9 %, RSDs of inter-day and i ntra-day were no more than 8.0 %. RESULTS: After a single o ral dose of 50 mg naftopidil test capsules or reference tablets, the main pharma cokinetic parameters AUC 0-24 : 295.6 ? 90.9 and 291.6 ? 89.3 ?g?L -1 ?h -1 ; AUC 0-∞ : 320.0 ? 97.2 and 318.0 ? 98.3 ?g?L -1 ?h -1 ; T max : 0.6 ? 0.2 and 0 .6 ? 0.2 h ; C max : 129.1 ? 60.7 and 138.3 ? 72.5 ?g? L -1 ; T 1/2 : 5.9 ? 1.7 and 6.4 ? 2.1 h , respectively. The relative bioavailability F 0-24 ,F 0-∞ were 101.9 ? 12.9 % and 101.2 ? 12.3 %, respectively. CONCLUSION: No signifi cant difference exists among the pharmacokinetic parameters for the test capsule s and the reference tablets of naftopidil. The two formulations were bioequivale nt.

Adult ; Ankylosis ; surgery ; Arthroscopes ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To explore the relationship of a polymorphism c.757T ＞ C in C-reactive protein gene (CRP) and carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD).Methods A case-control study investigated 276 ICVD patients and 125 controls matched for age and sex.Genotypes of-757T/C in CRP were analyzed in patients with ICVD using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.The level of serum C-reactive protein was detected by using immune scatter turbidimetry and the intima-media thickness of common carotid artery and internal carotid artery were measured by color Doppler ultrasonography.The relationship between the polymorphism -757T/C in CRP and carotid atherosclerosis was assessed.Results The genotypes of the polymorphism -757T/Cin CRP in the ICVD group (207/276(75.0％),65/276(23.6％),4/276(1.4％)) was significantly different from the control group (75/125 (60.0％),46/125 (36.8％),4/125 (3.2％) ; x2 =9.531,P =0.008),the frequence of T allele in patients with ICVD (479/552(86.8％)) was increased significantly compared to the control group (196/250 (78.4％)),the frequence of C allele in the ICVD group (73/552(13.2％)) was decreased significantly in contrast to the control group (54/250 (21.6％) ;x2 =9.056,P =0.004).Among the patients with ICVD,the level of serum C-reactive protein in patients with-757TC/CC genotype was elevated significantly than that with-757TC/CC ((4.2± 1.6) mg/L vs (2.7 ± 1.9) mg/L; t =5.900,P ＜ 0.01).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the-757C allele in CRP was related to the carotid artery atherosclerosis (OR =1.379,95％ CI 0.852-0.864,P =0.023).Conclusions The polymorphism-757T/C in CRP maybe related to the risk of developing ICVD.The frequency of the-757C allele can increase the level of serum C-reactive protein.And this polymorphism may be associated with carotid artery atheroselerosis in patients with ICVD.

Objective To study the dynamic expression and distribution of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1)in diffuse axonal injury (DAI)in rats and to clarify its involvement in the inflammatory reaction after DAI in rats,in order to provide new targets for the clinical treatment of DAI.Methods A DAI model was established using a coronal rotation device and evaluated by HE,Glees-Marsland silver staining,and Mallory phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin staining.Immunohistochemistry,Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression and distribution of HMGB-1 in the cortex of DAI rats at 6 h,1 d,3 d and 7 d.And TUNEL was used to examine the apoptosis of neurons in DAI rats.Results Immunohistochemical results showed that at 6 h and 1 d after DAI,the number of HMGB-1-positive cells decreased,but at 3 and 7 d it began to increase.Western blot also showed that during the early stage after DAI (6 h and 1 d),the level of HMGB-1 protein in the cortex was significantly lower than that in the control group,but at the late stage (3 and 7 d)after DAI it significantly increased compared with that in the control group until 7 d.RT-PCR showed that at 6 h after DAI there was no significant increase in the level of HMGB-1mRNA,but at 1 d there was a slight increase compared with the control group;at 3 and 7 d,it showed an obvious significance.TUNEL staining indicated that the significant neuronal apoptosis appeared as early as 6 h after DAI,and reached the peak at 3 d;it started to decrease at 7 d but still remained at a relatively high level.Conclusion The dynamic expression and distribution of HMGB-1 showed significant changes with the time course after DAI in rats.They decreased at the early stage but increased at the late stage.At the early stage, HMGB-1 is mainly passively released by the necrotic neurons,and at the late stage it may be actively secreted by the active inflammatory cells.HMGB-1 may mediate the post-DAI neural cell apoptosis by inducing the inflammatory reaction.

Objective To quantify the expressions of collagen metabolic markers carboxy terminal propeptide of type I procollagen(PICP),nitrogen terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP),nitrogen terminal propeptide of typeⅢprocollagen(PⅢNP),type I collagen carboxy terminal telopeptide (ICTP), matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases(TIMPs)in the serum of atrial fibrillation patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and to discuss the atrial structural remodeling during atrial fibrillation(AF).Methods 71 elderly patients were enrolled,24 patients had permanent AF,24 patients had paroxysmal AF,and 23 patients were in sinus rhythm.The serum levels of all markers were measured by ELISA. Results PICP was increased in permanent AF group versus the paroxysmal AF group and sinus rhythm group by 25.4%and 42.8%(all P<0.05),respectively.PⅢNP was increased in permanent AF group versus the paroxysmal AF group and sinus rhythm group by 17.9a% and 35.6%(all P<0.05),respectively,and was increased in the paroxysmal AF group versus the sinus rhythm group by 15.0%(P<0.05).PINP and ICTP did not differ significantly between the 3 groups(all P >0.05).MMP-1 was significantly increased by 25.6%(P<0.05)in the paroxysmal AF group versus the sinus rhythm group.MMP-2 was also significantly increased in permanent AF group versus the paroxysmal AF group and sinus rhythm group by 54.9%and 37.9%(all P<0.05),respectively.MMP-7,MMp-9 and TIMP-1 did not differ significantly between the 3 groups(P>0.05).TIMP-2was significantly decreased in the permanent AF group and paroxysmal AF group versus the sinus rhythm group by 21.8%and 11.8%(P<0.05),respectively. Conclusions Disturbance in the balance of MMP/TIMP system may perturb the balance of collagen synthesis and degradation during atrial fibrillation.This may be a contributing mechanism to atrial structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation,and may correlate with the initiation and maintenance of AF.

Background Choroidal hemangioma is a common benign intraocular tumor.Typical choroidal hemangioma is comparably easy to diagnose,but untypical one might be misdiagnosed as malignant tumor.Contrastenhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been used to diagnose multiple neoplasm for the past few years.However,the application of CEUSin ophthalmology is less.Objective This study was to investigate the CEUS characteristics of choroidal hemangioma.Methods Fifty-eight eyes of 58 patients who were diagnosed as choroidal hemangioma were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital during July 2010 to December 2012.CEUS was performed on the patients to check the manifestations of choroidal hemangioma.A time-intensity analysis was employed to quantitatively analyzed and compared the maximum intensity (MI),rising time (RT),time to peak (TTP),and mean transit time (mTT) between the choroidal hemangioma and normal orbital tissue and the parameters were contrasted using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results CEUS showed that choroidal hemangioma was gradually enhanced by the contrast after intravenous injection of sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles with a high-reference signal in choroidal hemangioma,and the fading procedure was slower in choroidal hemangioma than that of normal orbital tissue.MI,RT,TTP,and mTT were294.20％ (217.35％,373.25％),21.30 (17.35,23.35) s,25.00 (21.68,27.48) s and 59.30 (51.08,78.35) s in the choroidal hemangioma,which were significantly higher than 100.00％ (100.00％,100.00％),17.75 (15.00,20.30) s,22.40 (18.35,24.63) s and 47.25 (40.90,57.23) s in the normal orbital tissue (Z =-6.608,-4.998,-4.650,-4.332,all at P＜0.001).Conclusions Choroidal hemangioma has its own CEUS manifestation characteristics.CEUS is helpful to the differential diagnosis of choroidal hemangioma.

Objective To investigate the role of glargine in glucose metabolism improvement and antiinflammation of skeletal muscle in Caveolin-1 silenced type 2 diabetic mice.Methods Multiple low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection and high-fat high-glucose (HFHG) were used to induce type 2 diabetic mice model.The mice were divided into normal control group (NC group) and type 2 diabetic model group (T group).Then according to virus injection and glargine treatment,T group were further divided into type 2 diabetes group (T2DM group),type 2 diabetes with insulin treatment group (insulin group),Caveolin-1 silenced with insulin treatment group (LV-CAV1 group),and scramble virus with insulin treatment group (LV-GFP group).Glucose metabolism was accessed by the fluctuation of blood glucose.TNF-α protein expression in skeletal muscle was detected by Western blot.Results The glycemic control of LV-CAV1 group needed more dosages of glargine (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of TNFαin skeletal muscle was elevated in LV-CAV 1 group than that in LV-GFP and insulin group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The anti-inflammation function and glycemic metabolism improvement of glargine may be associated with the expression of Caveoin-1 in skeletal muscle.