Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of allantoin in Rhizoma Dioscoreae from different producing areas. Methods The RP- phase HPLC is applied. Separation and determination of allantoin was achieved by using an Allttima ODS C18 column(250 mm? 4.6 mm, 5? m) and a mobile phase of methanol- water (1 ∶ 39, V/V). The flow- rate was 0.8 mL/min, temperature at 30 ℃ and detection wavelength at 224 nm. Results A good linearity of allantoin was in the range of 0.24 ? g～ 2.40 ? g, r=0.9992; the average recovery rate was 103.1 % , RSD =2.0 % (n=6). Conclusion Rhizoma Dioscoreae from Henan Province is of the best quality and Rhizoma Dioscoreae from other provinces are only qualified for food. 

Objective To explore the treatment methods for brachial artery trauma associated with humeral super-middle fracture.Methods Thirty-two patients of brachial artery trauma associated with humeral super-middle fracture were treated in our department from March 2001 to April 2005 with in tramedallary expanded self-locking nail (IESN) combined with autotransplantation of great saphenous vein to repair brachial artery.Results All patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months,13.6 months on the average.No stenosis occurred at the anastomosed veins according to color Doppler ultrasound.All fractures achieyed clinical healing and the limbs survived well.Conclusion The IESN combined with autotransplantation of great saphenous vein to repair brachial artery is an effective method to treat brachial artery traumaassociated with humeral super-middle fracture,having the advantage of reasonable operation procedure.stabile immobilization and satisfactory functional recovery.

Objective To investigate the durability of the cryopreserved valved homograft conduit (VHC) used in reconstruction the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and its risk factors. Methods 119 cases undergoing VHC reconstruction the RVOT in our hospital between November 1989 and July 2003. 65 cases were followed-up, including the clinical examination, electroeardiography, chest radiography, echooardiography, or cardiac MRI for detection of development of homograft calcifications, obstruction and conduit valve regurgitation, and we used the morden statistics method to analyze the factors for the VHCs' durability. Results Among 65 cases, the median survival time for the VHCs was 10.9 years. The longest survival lasted for 12.8 years.The homografts failure was 15.4% . Conclusion The younger age(≤4y), smaller weighl(≤10 kg),aortic homograft are the risk factors for the VHC' durability(P

[Objective]To compare the fixation effects of cannulated compression screws and dynamic hip screws.[Method]From July 2000 to December 2006,152 old patients with intertrochanteric hip fracture were fixed with cannulated compression screws(n=68) and dynamic hip screws(n=84).They were followed up and their complete clinic data were obtained.A retrospective comparison was made between the two differet fixation devices in terms of operation time,blood loss,intraoperative and postoperative complications,functional recovery one year postoperatively and treatment expenses.[Result]The differences in operation time,blood loss between 2 groups had statistical significance(P0.05) for the Evans types Ⅰ,Ⅱ patients,but had statistical significance(P

Objective To evaluate 1*"H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in the differentiating recurrent brain gliomas after radiation therapy from delayed cerebral necrosis. Methods Fifteen patients who had clinical and CT, MRI changes that suggested a diagnosis of delayed cerebral necrosis or recurrent brain tumor after radiation therapy and 5 patients who had a definite clinical diagnosis of delayed cerebral necrosis underwent single voxel MR spectroscopy simultaneously both in the lesion′s region and the contralateral side. Results Of the former 15 cases who proved by surgicopathology, 14 cases were gliomas,1case was delayed cerebral necrosis, and their etiologic diagnoses of 1*"H MRS were correct. (1)1H MRS in 14 cases with gliomas exhibited specific spectral peaks including prominent choline-containing compounds (Cho), decreased or absent acetylaspartate(NAA) and total creatine (Cr),and the metabolic ratios showed significantly increased Cho/Cr, decreased NAA/Cr. Twelve cases showed abnormal lactate (Lac). (2)Among 6 cases with delayed cerebral necrosis, 5 cases exhibited decreased or absent Cho, NAA, Cr, and abnormal Lipid, 1 case showed absent Cho, NAA, and Cr with a flat curve without Lac. Conclusion 1H MRS was positively claimed for differentiating recurrent brain gliomas after radiation therapy from delayed cerebral necrosis.

AIM: To investigate the apoptosis in primary gastric cancer cells induced by resveratrol, and the relation between this apoptosis and expression of bcl- 2 and bax. METHODS: In in vitro experiments, MTT assay was used to determine the cell gowth inhibitory rate. Transmission electron microscopy and TUNEL staining were used to quantitatively and qualitively detect the apoptosis of primary gastric cancer cells before and after the resveratrol treatment. Immunohistochemical staining and RT - PCR was used to detect the expression of apoptosis - regulated gene bcl - 2 and bax. RESULTS: Resveratrol inhibited the growth of primary gastric cancer cells in a dose - and time - dependent manner. Resveratrol induced primary gastric cancer cells to undergo apoptosis with typically apoptotic characteristics. TUNEL assay showed that after the treatment of primary gastric cancer cells with resveratrol for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours, the apoptotic indexs were 4.93% ± 0.19%, 16.74% ± 0.43%, 27.88% ±0.36%, 36.84% ± 1.07 % respectively. Immunohistochemical staining showed that after the treatment of primary gastric cancer cells with resveratrol for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours, the positive rates of Bcl - 2 proteins were 20.68% ± 0.49%, 10.84% ±0.33%, 6.80% ± 0.34%, 3.91% ± 0.15% and the positive rates of Bax proteins were 19.79% ± 0.98%, 30.74% ±0.85%, 40.14% ± 1.17%, 60.08% ± 1.64%. After exposed to resveratrol for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, the density of bcl- 2 mRNA decreased progressively with elongation of time and the density of bax mRNA increased progressively with elongation of time by RT- PCR. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol is able to induce the apoptosis in primary gastric cancer. This apoptosis may be mediated by down- regulation of Bcl- 2 and up- regulation of Bax.

AIM: To investigate the apoptosis of implanted tumor of primary human gastric cancer cells in nude mice induced by genistein and the relation between this apoptosis and expression of bcl - 2 and bax. METHODS: Establishing a transplanted tumor model by injecting human primary gastric cancer cells into subcutaneous tissue of nude mice. The different doses of genistein (0.5mg/kg, 1mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg ) were directly injected beside tumor body respectively,for six times at an interval of two days. Then changes of tumor volume were measured continuously and tumor inhibition rate of each group was calculated. We observed the morphologic alteration by electron microscope, measured the apoptotic rate by TUNEL staining method, detected the expression of apoptosis - regulated gene bcl - 2 and bax by immunohistochemical staining and RT- PCR. RESULTS: Genistein could significantly inhibit carcinoma growth when it was injected near the carcinoma. Genistein induced implanted tumors cells to undergo apoptosis with apoptotic characteristics by transmission electron microscope. The apoptosis index of above three groups was increased progressively. Positive rate of Bcl - 2 protein of above three groups was decreased progressively and positive rate of Bax protein of above three groups was increased progressively by immunohistochemical staining. The density of bcl -2 mRNA decreased progressively and the density of bax mRNA increased progressively with elongation of time by RT - PCR. CONCLUSION: Genistein is able to induce the apoptosis of transplanted tumor cells. This apoptosis may be mediated by down - regulating bcl - 2 and up - regulating bax mRNA and its protein.

Objective To evaluate the possible factors that may influence the resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients with newly diagnosed esophageal cancer. Methods Totally, 40 patients with newly diagnosed esophageal cancer were prospectively collected from November 2008 to June 2009 in Xinhua Hospital. Nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was performed. REE and body composition were measured using indirect calorimetry and bioeletrical impedence method, respectively. Results Twenty-seven (67.5%) patients were found with nutrition risk, and NRS score was negatively correlated with prealbumin ( r = - 0.444, P = 0.004) and albumin levels (r = - 0.386, P = 0.014). Measured REE and predicted REE values were ( 6770 ± 1360) and (6021 ± 841 ) kJ/d, respectively (P ＜ 0.001 ). Among all 40 patients, 57.5% of them were hypermetabolic,30.0% were normal, and 12.5% were hypometabolic. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that fat free mass was the only significant determinant variable for REE (P ＜ 0.001 ). Conclusion Fat free mass is a factor than can influence the energy metabolism in patients with newly diagnosed esophageal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of perioperative administration of rhubarb on the acute inflammatory response in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: In this prospective, single-blinded, controlled clinical trial, thirty-one patients with gastric cancer operatively treated were randomly divided into two groups, with 14 patients in control group and 17 in study group. Patients in both groups were given an isocaloric and isonitrogenous enteral diet. The enteral diet was started 36 hours after operation, and continued for 6 days. Patients in the study group were fed with rhubarb before operation, and at 1 day and 2 days after operation. Indexes of acute inflammatory response such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and indexes of nutritional status such as serum albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA) and transferrin (TRF) were measured before operation, and at 1 day, 3 and 7 days after operation. RESULTS: Patients in both groups had acute inflammatory response, and the indexes of nutritional status decreased after operation.IL-6, CRP and TNF-alpha tested at 3 and 7 days after operation were lower in the study group as compared with those in the control group, and the recovery time of gastrointestinal motility such as borborygmus, gas elimination and defecation was shorter in the study group as compared with that in the control group. The indexes of nutritional status showed no significant differences between two groups after operation. CONCLUSION: Rhubarb can positively modulate the acute inflammatory response, promote the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal motility, and benefit enteral nutrition support in patients who have undergone major operations for gastric cancer.

Objective To analyze the risk factors in the operative mortality in neonates with congenital heart disease.Methods The surgical outcomes of eongenital heart defects in 231 neonates at Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine,during Jan.2011 and Dec.2013 were detected for retrospectively.Patients were analyzed according to Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1).The age,weight at operation,emergency operation,cardiopulmonary bypass,single ventricle surgery,and RACHS-1 score were detected for risk assessments.Results Overall mortality of congenital heart defect in neonates was 9.96％ (23/231 cases).The top three procedures for high mortality were single ventricle palliative surgery.(25.00％,7/28 cases),corrective operation of interrupted aortic arch (21.43％,3/14 cases),and arterial switch operation with ventricular septum defect repair (13.95％,6/43 cases).There was only 1 case of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum repair,and the case was not classified into high mortality category.With the elevation of RACHS-1,the mortality increased.The mortality rate was 6.67％ (2/30 cases) in RACHS-1 as category 2,6.84％ (8/117 cases) in 3,13.75％ (11/80 cases) in 4,and 50.00％ (2/14 cases) in 6.Multivariable analvsis of risk factors for death showed that single ventricle palliative operation,body weight less than 3 000 g,and RACHS-1 were independent risk factors for mortality.Conclusions This study shows the surgical mortality in neonates with congenital heart defect is still high.Further prospective analysis of specific treatment strategies for high risk patients above was needed and the strategy for single ventricle operation in neonates should be optimized.