Objective To introduce and evaluate an improved technique of vertical mammaplasty for correction of severe breast ptosis. Methods Vertical mammaplasty that was first reported by Ma-deleine Lejour in Brussels is a technique that uses adjustable markings, an upper pedicle for the areola, and a central breast reduction with lower skin undermining. To shorten vertical scar, it was important to locate new nipple position and move up new inframammary fold. The shape of the breast was crea-ted by suturing the gland and did not rely on the skin. No scar was produced in submammary fold. Re-sults 36 cases were treated with vertical mammaplasty in our department since August 1999. The shape of the new breast was satisfactory in all patients after 3-24 months following-up. Areora necro-sis was not found in all the cases. Conclusion The vertical mammaplasty is an optical technique for correction of severe breast ptosis, Stable results are produced because the gland is strongly sutured.

Objective To evaluate mammaplasty for repairing the serious breast asymmetry.Methods Different mammaplasty was used to repair 38 cases of breast asymmetry,including 13 cases of unilateral breast augmentation,10 cases of breast reduction after different volume resection on each side,4 cases of unilateral partial breast resection,5 cases of breast reduction on one side and breast suspended on another side,4 cases of breast suspension on one side and augmentation on the other side,and 2 cases of only suspension on unilateral breast.The 38 cases were followed up for 3 to 12 months postoperatively to evaluate the results.Results One case had slight ptosis in half a year after breast suspension.Apart from mentioned above,the rest of 11 had favorable and satisfactory results.Conclusions The serious breast asymmetry deformities should be corrected with the method of the simple and minimum injuries to make the best result.

BACKGROUND: Specific bone-targeting drug delivery system is very important in the treatment of bone-related diseases. Development of nanotechnology provides a good platform and a new thought for preparation of specific bone-targeting nanoscale drug delivery system. OBJECTIVE: To review the current development and future prospects of specific bone-targeting drug delivery systems. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline databases was performed to retrieve studies regarding active targeting drug delivery system and nanoscale drug delivery system published between March 2014 and March 2019 with the search terms “Bone target therapy, Nanoparticles, Drug delivery system”. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The targeting group is an important component of the specific bone-targeting drug delivery system and it determines the targeting efficiency of the drug delivery system. Targeting bone tissue, osteoblasts, osteoblasts, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have their own advantages and disadvantages. Specific bone-targeting nanoscale drug delivery systems have been widely used in various bone diseases, such as metastatic osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, and bone metastases. Specific bone-targeting drug delivery systems have advantages and challenges. Although many basic studies have shown good results of specific bone-targeting drug delivery systems in vivo, little is reported on successful clinical transformation of bone-targeting groups-modified nanoscale drug delivery systems.

Objective To develop recovery prediction models for danshensu,salvianolic acid B,and salvianolic acid D in danshen ethanol precipitation.Methods Recorded the operation parameters of 15 normal batches of danshen ethanol precipitation in one Chinese medicine plant and measured five active component contents in danshen concentrated liquid and danshen ethanol precipitated liquid,the Stepwise-MLR recovery prediction models of dashensu,salvianolic acid B,and salvianolic acid D were developed based on an approach which combined the process parameters and the active component contents in danshen concentrated liquid.The importance of variables in the prediction models was analyzed later.Results The coefficient correlations of dashensu,salvianolic acid B,and salvianolic acid D recovery prediction models were all above 0.95.Conclusion The models developed for active component recovery prediction show a good predictability.Models can be used to help manufacturers to understand the ethanol precipitation process and improve the quality control ability of danshen ethanol precipitation.

Objective To summarize the experience of the integrated treatment on mid-face ageing for better cosmetic results.Methods A total of 56 cases were treated.With using subciliary approaches,the orbicularis oculi was resected to expose the orbital septum,the orbital fat relieved and orbital septum reseted.Hyaluronic acid was injected to some patients with obvious nasolabial fold after operation.Results 56 cases were all followed up from 6 to 26 months (11.8 months on average) postoperatively.The flabby tissue had been tightened and all got better effects.Conclusions Various combination of technologies can be applied to reach the purpose of rejuvenation by correcting the volume abnormality,resetting the tissue,elevating reasonably,and filling the facial depression.

Objective To seek an effective surgical procedure to treat patients with the varying degrees of breast ptosis and micromastia.Methods Patients were classified into Ⅰ-Ⅳ degrees based on different breast ptosis,and treated by different methods.Degree Ⅰ was treated with implanting prosthesis to the post-pectoralis major space; degree Ⅱ patients were repaired with avulsion of deeper mammary gland and pectoralis major and hanging fixed breast tissue,based on the degree Ⅰ procedure; degree Ⅲ was fixed with breast tissue flap,excised redundant epidermis by the method of double-rings and the complex of nipple and areola was shifted,based on the degree Ⅱ procedure; degree Ⅳ was repaired with implanting prosthesis and the method of lines to hanging fixed breast.Results In 116 cases of this study,there were no hematoma,infection and nipple and areola necrosis by the combined strategies.The follow-up period after the surgery was 6-31 months (mean 13.3 months).All cases had voluptuous and upright breasts,rectified breast ptosis,with the normal sense of nipple and areola.Conclusions For breast ptosis and hypoplasia,the combined strategies have better clinical therapeutic effects.

BACKGROUND:Cyclin A2 is a key regulator of cellcycle. Location and expression of cyclin A2 in neonatal mouse myocardium is not clear.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the location and expression of cyclin A2 in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and its relationship with the exit of cardiomyocytes from cellcycle.
METHODS:Neonatal mice were kil ed to take myocardial tissues at 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after birth. Western blot were used to detect the expression of cyclin A2, proliferating cellnucleus antigen and Phospho-histone H3. Immunohistochemitry detection was used to detect the location of cyclin A2 and expression of proliferation cellnucleus antigen at different time after birth.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Western blot showed the decrease of cyclin A2 after birth til disappeared at day 4 (P=0.001). Cyclin A2 located mainly in the nucleus after birth and exported to the cytoplasm at day 14, and basical y disappeared at day 28. Proliferating cellnucleus antigen showed gradual y decreased tendency after birth. Mitosis specific marker, Phospho-histone H3, exhibited a gradual decrease after birth, which was consistent with cyclin A2 in expression intensity.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Lejours' procedure in the treatment of breast prolapse.Methods From July 2014 to July 2018,the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Prov ince accepted 36 female patients with breast prolapse and correction failure,aged 25 42 years,with an average age of 32.1 years.According to the preoperative design,the pedicel epidermis,the redundant skin,the prosthesis and capsule were removed,and the mammary flap was fixed on the fascia of pectoralis major muscle,and the nipple and areola were fixed and sutured layer by layer.Results In 36 cases,the shape of breast was improved,the scar of incision was smaller,and the color of scar became lighter with time.There were no serious complications such as nipple and areola necrosis.The breast was straight and round after operation.After 6-24 months follow-up,one patient had delayed wound healing and received repeated dressing changes for 7 days.Conclusions The design of the op eration is simple,with little scar,few complications and good long term effect.The shape of the breast after repair is round and straight,which can be used as one of the feasible operation methods for the repair of breast ptosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted laparoscopic Boari flap ureteroplasty for ureteral strictures after kidney transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 2 patients with ureteral stricture after kidney transplantation in our department from May 2017 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.All 2 cases were male.Case 1 was 73 years old and the transplanted kidney was located in the left iliac fossa.The patient was hospitalized due to still recurrent fever with longterm retention of nephrostomy tube because of hydronephrosis with repeated urinary tract infection after calculi surgery.Case 2 was 62 years old and the transplanted kidney was located in the right iliac fossa.The patient was hospitalized due to hydronephrosis and ureteral calculi after calculi surgery.All 2 cases were treated by robotic-assisted laparoscopic Boari flap ureteroplasty.The operative and postoperative complications were recorded and the postoperative examination data were collected.Results The operation time of the 2 cases were 165min and 189min,and the bleeding amount were 50ml and 100ml respectively.No urinary leakage,renal colic,high fever and other complications occurred.In case 1,nephrostomy tube was removed 8d after operation.The urinary catheters were removed 14d after operation in the 2 cases.The postoperative hospital day was 9d and 6d respectively.CT examination was performed 3 months after surgery.Compared with preoperative,case 1 had no significant change in hydronephrosis and the hydronephrosis of case 2 obviously relieved.In case 1,double J tube was removed in 3 months after operation.In case 2,double J tube was replaced in 3 months after operation and was removed after 3 months.2 patients were followed up to 18 months and 14 months after operation,respectively.Nohydronephrosis aggravated.Conclusions Robotic-assisted laparoscopic Boari flap ureteroplasty is a safe and effective treatment for ureteral strictures after kidney transplantation.It has the advantages of small trauma,quick recovery,exact effect and few complications.

The limited coverage of soft tissue and complex biomechanical factors make resection and reconstruction of distal tibial tumors extremely challenging. Megaprosthesis can provide good mechanical strength for tumor en bloc resection, but there are many postoperative complications, and the problems of insufficient soft tissue coverage and postoperative ankle instability must be solved. The development of three-dimensional digital technology may provide a new treatment strategy for distal tibial reconstruction. Compared to ankle joint preservation endoprostheses, the rapid osseointegration effect of three dimensional-printed megaprosthesis with ankle arthrodesis provides better ankle joint stability and postoperative function. In addition, the three dimensional-printed megaprosthesis may improve complications such as insufficient soft tissue coverage and talus collapse by reducing the circumference of the prosthesis and matching it with the talus through personalized design. Of course, there are few research reports on distal tibial prostheses, and the safety of three dimensional-printed megaprosthesis with ankle arthrodesis needs to be confirmed through extensive long-term follow-up studies. The selection of proximal and distal fixation methods for prostheses needs to be explored in future research.