Objective To investigate the effects of transplantation of sciatic nerve(SN) and injection of 8-(4-Chlorophenylthio)-cAMP(CPT-cAMP) into the viteous on axotomized retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) in adult hamsters. Methods Twenty adult golden hamsters were ramdomly divided into 4 groups.Optic nerve(ON) was transected and a segment of autologous sciatic nerve(attached graft,AG) was removed and sutured to the proximal stump of ON in regenerating control group(AG group).The animals in experimental groups were further treated with CPT-cAMP injection and/or implantation of a short of segment sciatic nerve(SN) intravitrously.Fluorescent retrograde labeling method and quantitative anatomical techniques were used to measure the number of RGCs. Results 1.In control (AG) retinas,the mean number of regenerating RGCs was 1*!428?284/retina.2.In AG+SN group,the mean number of regenerating RGCs was 2*!220?415/retina.3.In AG+cAMP group,the mean number of regenerating RGCs was 2*!175?364/retina.4.The mean number of regenerating RGCs in AG+cAMP+SN group were 4*!255?820/retina.AG+SN,AG+cAMP groups were significantly different from AG group(P

Objective Use three inhibitors to block three different signaling pathway to explore the mechanisms of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine(IBMX) and 8 (4 Chlorophenylthio) cAMP(CPT-cAMP) on the regeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Method Fluorescent retrogratde tracing method and quantitative anatomical techniques were used to measure the numbers of RGCs in control one,control two group and experiment groups. Results 1^ In control group 1(AG),the mean number of regenerating RGC was 1428??284/retina in 4 weeks after surgery; 2^ In control group 2(AG+IBMX+CPT-cAMP) the mean number of regenerating RGC was 4?917?1 489/retina in 4 weeks after surger; 3^ The mean number of regenerating RGC of experiment groups in 4 weeks after surgery were (1) H89 group(AG+IBMX+cAMP+H89):1?426?320/retina; (2)Wortmannin group(AG+IBMX+cAMP+Wortmannin):4143?1?057/retina; (3)PD98059 group(AG+IBMX+cAMP+PD98059):4?154?965/retina. Conclusion The promoting effects of IBMX and CPT-cAMP on regeneration of RGCs can be interrupted by H89 and can't be blocked by wortmannin and PD98059.

AIM: To investigate the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) after transplanted into vitreous and the effects on the regeneration of retina ganglion cells (RGCs) after optic nerve microcrushed.METHODS: After optic nerve microcrushed in adult rat, 2?104/2 ?L NSCs or 2 ?L 0.1 mol/L PBS was injected into vitreous. Animals were divided into control group (MC group, MC+PBS group) and experiment group (MC+NSCs). Animals in each group were allowed to survive for 3, 4, 5 weeks, respectively. The regenerating RGCs were labeled retrogradely with granular blue, and the numbers of regenerating RGCs in each retina were observed under fluorescent microscope. In addition after 5 animals in MC+NSCs group survived for 4 weeks, rat eyeballs were removed and prepared as freezing microtome sections for observing the migration of NSCs and NF, GFAP, CNP immumodetection.RESULTS: Compared the mean numbers of regenerating RGCs between experiment group and control group at 3, 4, 5 weeks, the difference was significant (P

OBJECTIVE To observe the bacterial biofilm formation on indwelling double J stent in the human body.METHODS A prospective study of 42 cases with double J stent indwelling in the human body after operation was conducted.The stent was divided into 4 segments then detected microbiologicaly in a separate manner and observed with scanning electron microscope for the presence of bacterial biofilm.RESULTS From 42 cases with douple J stent,only one case was without any bacteria in four segments.20 cases(47.6%) had the same bacteria in four segments.The bacterial positive rate of each segment was pelvic segment(81.0%),upper ureter segment(64.3%),lower ureter segment(71.4%) and bladder segment(83.3%);totally 18 kinds and 126 bacterial strains were flund.the most popular pathogens were Escherichia coli(23.0%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15.9%),corynebacterium(15.1%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis(13.5%).On the surface of unused double J stent,there was uneven but clean,without any attachment and encrustation,but on the surface of double J stent indwelling in the human body,the inflammatory affachment and encrustation were observed as well as bacterial biofilm,encapsulated in the abundant fibrous membrane.CONCLUSIONS Our study found that bacterial biofilm can be encrustated on the surface of double J stent indwelling in the human body,it may be one of the reasons for catheter-associated urinary tract infection.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic radical anterograde modular pancreatosplenectomy (Lap-RAMPS).Methods:From Jan 2014 to Dec 2020, the clinical data of 83 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection for pancreatic tail cancer in LiHuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Eighty-three cases were divided into Lap-RAMPS group (44 cases) and laparoscopic conventional distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy(Lap-CDP) group (39 cases). There were no significant differences in the duration of surgery [(245.34±70.30) min vs. (239.87±68.10) min], intraoperative blood lose [(159.32±115.60) ml vs. (208.97±161.70) ml] and intraoperative transfusions (2 cases vs. 3 cases) between the two groups ( P>0.05). There were no statistical significance in both groups in postoperative pancreatic fistula, postoperative bleeding grade, postoperative gastric emptying delay, Clavien-Dindo complication and postoperative hospital stay ( P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the negative margin rate (93.2% vs. 76.9%),lymph node harvest(12.91±8.24 vs. 8.49±6.85) and median survival time (25.0 months vs. 15.0 months) between the two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Lap-RAMPS for pancreatic tail cancer is safe and feasible, increasing the negative rate of pancreatic margins, improving the lymph node harvest, and prolonging patients' survival time.

Objective The diagnosis of nasal fractures poses challenges in forensic clinical evaluation.This study aims to develop and enhance an artificial intelligence-based model for nasal fracture recognition,evaluate its performance,and provide assistance and support for forensic clinical identification.Methods Multi-center nasal CT images were selected and screened according to the consensus standards set by Chinese experts in nasal CT examination and diagnosis.A recognition model was constructed,followed by external verification and evaluation.Additionally,the diagnostic capabilities of qualified appraisers/doctors with different professional titles(primary,intermediate,and senior)were compared with the performance of the intelligent recognition model.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity),and negative predictive value(NP)of the intelligent recognition model were comprehensively evaluated.Results The intelligent recognition model exhibited high diagnostic efficiency and stability.It improved the diagnostic accuracy of radiologists and appraisers in detecting nasal fractures while effectively bridging the gap between inexperienced doctors/appraisers and experienced ones.Conclusion The intelligent recognition model for nasal fractures can assist appraisers in enhancing their ability to locate such fractures on CT images and improve work efficiency while enhancing appraisal opinions'accuracy and scientificity.

Cryoablation (CRA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are two main local treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, which one is more curative and suitable for combining with immunotherapy is still controversial. Herein, CRA induced higher tumoral PD-L1 expression and more T cells infiltration, but less PD-L1^highCD11b⁺ myeloid cells infiltration than MWA in HCC. Furthermore, CRA had better curative effect than MWA for anti-PD-L1 combination therapy in mouse models. Mechanistically, anti-PD-L1 antibody facilitated infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells by enhancing the secretion of CXCL9 from cDC1 cells after CRA therapy. On the other hand, anti-PD-L1 antibody promoted the infiltration of NK cells to eliminate PD-L1^highCD11b⁺ myeloid cells by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) effect after CRA therapy. Both aspects relieved the immunosuppressive microenvironment after CRA therapy. Notably, the wild-type PD-L1 Avelumab (Bavencio), compared to the mutant PD-L1 atezolizumab (Tecentriq), was better at inducing the ADCC effect to target PD-L1^highCD11b⁺ myeloid cells. Collectively, our study uncovered the novel insights that CRA showed superior curative effect than MWA in combining with anti-PD-L1 antibody by strengthening CTL/NK cell immune responses, which provided a strong rationale for combining CRA and PD-L1 blockade in the clinical treatment for HCC.