Objective To explore the effect of ceftriaxone combined with rifampicin in the treatment of children with purulent meningitis,thus to provide reference for related studies.Methods 120 children with purulent meningitis were selected and randomly divided into observation group(67 cases) and control group (53 cases) according to the digital table.The control group received treatment of ceftriaxone,and the observation group received ceftriaxone and rifampicin.The clinical effect,recovery time of clinical indicators,total protein (TP),C-reactive protein (CRP),and serum protein C level were observed in the two groups.Results After treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 97.01%,which was higher than 86.79% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(x2=4.457,P<0.05).The recovery time of body temperature,peripheral leukocyte count,and CSF leukocyte in the observation group were (2.35±0.68)d,(5.27±1.56)d,(13.27±1.71)d,respectively,which in the control group were shorter than (3.36±0.36)d,(7.24±2.09)d,(16.74±2.66)d,respectively,the differences were statistically significant(t=-9.713,-5.926,-8.643,all P<0.05).After treatment,the TP and CRP decreased in two groups,serum protein C was increased,and the above indicators of the observation group improved more significantly,there were statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).There was no significant differences in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Ceftriaxone combined with rifampicin in the treatment of children with purulent meningitis can reduce inflammation and promote the recovery time of clinical indicators,and it's worthy of reference.

Objective To investigate the factors affecting insufficient blood collection from volunteer donors. Methods Volunteer blood donors in our hospital were divided into two groups: group A (volunteer donors from January 2001 to December 2003) and group B (volunteer donors from January to June in 2004) after improving the environment of blood collection and service quality. The cases and main affecting factors of insufficient blood collection were analysed. Results The percentage of cases with insufficient blood collection in group A and group B was 0.95% and 0.53%, respectively, which had a significant difference between the two groups (P

Objective:To explore the efficacy of gamma globulin at different doses combined with dexamethasone in the treatment of children with severe idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods: Totally 96 cases of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were divided into group A ( standard high dose of gamma globulin+dexamethasone) , group B ( middle dose of gamma globulin+dexamethasone) and the control group ( dexamethasone) . The clinical effects and platelet parameters of the three groups were com-pared. Results:The levels of PLT, PCT and PDW in group A and group B after the treatment were higher than those in the control group(P<0. 05). The recovery time of normal platelet and the stop time of bleeding in group A and group B were lower than those in the control group(P<0. 05), and there was no significant difference between group A and group B(P>0. 05). The clinical effective rate of group A and group B was higher than that in the control group(P<0. 05), and there was no significant difference between group A and group B(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Gamma globulin at middle dose shows significant effect as at high dose in the patients with ITP, which can reduce the dosage and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To observe microstructural changes of white matter in Alzheimer's disease (AD),and to find out the relationship between white matters lesion and declined cognition.Methods Twenty-four AD patients and 24 controls with normal cognition performed diffusion tensor imaging MR scan.Tract-based spatial statistical analysis (TBSS) was used to investigate microstructural change of white matter,and then its correlation with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores was analyzed.Results Fractional anisotropy (FA) values were decreased in corpus callosum,fornix,left corticospinal tract,bilateral cerebral peduncle,superior cerebellar peduncle,internal capsule,corona radiata,posterior thalamic radiation,sagittal stratum including inferior longitidinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,external capsule,cingulate gyrns,hippocampus,superior longitudinal fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus,while mean diffusivity (MD) values were increased in fornix,left hippocampus,bilateral internal capsule,corona radiata,posterior thalamic radiation,sagittal stratum including inferior longitidinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,external capsule,cingulate gyrus,superior longitudinal fasciculus,superior fronto-occipital fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus (all P ＜ 0.05,threshold-free cluster enhancement corrected).MMSE scores had a positive correlation with decreased FA values of left sagittal stratum (r =0.535,P =0.007) and negative correlations with increased MD values of left sagittal stratum (r =-0.427,P =0.037),left superior longitudinal fasciculus (r =-0.424,P =0.039) and left uncinate fasciculus (r =-0.505,P =0.012).Conclusions There exist widespread white matter lesions in AD with impairment of white matter connections of intra-and inter-hemispheres.Impaired white matters in left hemisphere may have close relationships with cognition decline.

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture, neuromuscular electrical stimulation and swallowing training on acute stroke patients with dysphagia and the incidence of post-stroke pneumonia (PSP). Methods Acute stroke patients with dysphagia were divided into 3 groups. Routine group (n=188) received routine swallowing training. Stimulation group (n=196) received routine swallowing training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Acupuncture group (n=112) received routine swallowing training, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and acupuncture. The incidence of improvment of dysphagia and PSP, and the improvement of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) within 3 weeks were compared. They were followed up for 3 months for the incidence of PSP. Results The incidence of improvment of dysphagia was the most in the acupuncture group (P<0.05), while the incidence of PSP was the least (P<0.05). The improvement of NIHSS was the most in the acupuncture group (P<0.05). The incidence of PSP was not significantly different (P>0.05) within 3 months followed up. Conclusion The acupuncture, neuromuscular electrical stimulation and swallowing training combination can improve the swallowing function and decrease the incidence of PSP in stroke patients with dysphagia.

OBJECTIVE To compare two different procedures of blood donation in volunteer donors,which lead to different discard rates of blood,different donation reaction rates and the satisfaction of the donor agency,so as to seek the better procedure bringing less discard of blood and more convenience for the military donor agency and blood center. METHODS In group A,3 667 donors blood was collected before the tests and retests for transfusion transmitted diseases(TTD) were done.While in group B,4 185 donors were taken blood samples for pre-donation test.The blood collection was performed 4 hours later. RESULTS In group A,3 652 units of blood were collected,of which 69 units were discarded on account of positive results in test and retest.Meanwhile,in group B 3 718 units of blood were collected from the donors who passed the pre-donation test for TTD.As a result,34 units of blood were discarded because of the positive results in retest.The discard rates of blood were 1.89% and 0.91% while the donation reaction rates were 2.22% and 3.98%,respectively.in two procedures.The discard rates of blood in group A were higher than those in group B.But the donation reaction rate in group B was higher than that in group A. CONCLUSIONS The discard rate of blood in the procedure collecting before test is higher than that in the procedure testing before collection.But the donation reaction rate is low and the waiting period for donation is short in the former procedure,which is suitable for low TTD infections population of military agencies.

Objective To study the clinical application value of individualization portal for knee arthroscope meniscoplasty. Methods The clinical data of 100 patients who had underwent knee arthroscope meniscoplasty were retrospectively analyzed. In the patients, 50 cases were performed with routine portal (group A), and other 50 cases were performed with individualization portal (group B). The operation time, curative effect and incidence of complications were compared between 2 groups. Results The operation time in group B was significantly lower than that in group A:(28.8 ± 3.1) min vs. (39.5 ± 5.4) min, and there was statistical difference (t = 12.151, P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in excellent and good rate between group A and group B: 94%(47/50) vs. 96%(48/50),χ2=0.522, P>0.05. The incidence of meniscus and cartilage injury in group B was significantly lower than that in group A: 2% (1/50) vs. 14% (7/50), and there was statistical difference (χ2 = 4.891, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in incidence of hematoma between 2 groups (P>0.05). There was no ligament injury, infection, vascular and nerve injury, deep vein thrombosis, instrumentation damage and synovial fistula. Conclusions The individualization portal for knee arthroscope meniscoplasty is more convenient. It can shorten operation time and decrease meniscus and cartilage injury. But it has no influence on clinical effect and other complications.

Objective To explore properties of emotion memory circuits in late-life depression,and differences in functional connectivity of emotional memory network between late-life depression and healthy controls who were investigated by resting-state fMRI.Methods Eighteen late life depression patients and twenty four healthy controls were involved in our study.Resting-state functional MRI data were acquired via 3.0T MRI scanner.Functional MRI data were analyzed.Behavioral data were acquired during retrieval.The independent samples t-test of functional MRI data and ANOVA of behavioral performance were performed with AFNI and SPSS 13.0 statistical software,respectively.Results Decreased connectivities had been shown in depression,including amygdala-thalamus,amygdala-left inferior frontal gyrus,supramarginal gyrus-dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex (ACC),middle temporal gyrus-middle frontal gyrus and thalamus-inferior frontal gyros/left frontal eye fields (FEF) connectivity;while increased connectivities included hippocampus-middle temporal gyrus,hippocampusventromedial prefrontal cortex/middle temporal gyrus/ACC/FEF,middle temporal gyrus-fusiform gyrus/FEF,insula-middle temporal gyrus/FEF and thalamus-caudate connectivity (P＜0.05).For depression,global hubs included left amygdale,right hippocampus,right middle frontal gyrus,and right insula.For healthy group,global hubs included bilateral amygdale and middle frontal gyrus,right anterior inferior parietal lobe and right insula.Conclusion There are common and different characters in functional connectivity of emotional memory network between depression and healthy control.Global hub function decreases in the right amygdale and left inferior frontal gyrus,while right hippocampus shows compensatory increase.

Virtual reality (VR) is a three-dimensional virtual technology which generates virtual world by computer simulation. VR provides users with the simulation of visual, auditory and tactile senses, so that users can observe things in the virtual space as in the real world. Electroencephalogram(EEG) is the direct reflection of the activation of neurons in the cerebral cortex. The combination of VR and EEG has become an important method of brain science research. However, the existing research lacks a systematic arrangement of combination of VR and EEG. In this paper, the related research of VR combined with EEG in the past 20 years were summarized, the corresponding experimental paradigm, research methods and results were introduced, and finally the future research directions of the combination of VR and EEG were prospected.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Zhuanyaotang Granules for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis(DLSS).Methods Using a randomized double blind controlled design,104 DLSS patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method,with 52 patients in each group.The treatment group took oral Zhuanyaotang Granules,methylcobalamin tablets and celecoxib capsule simulants.The control group used Zhuanyaotang Granules simulants,methylcobalamin tablets and celecoxib capsules.The course of treatment was 3 weeks for both groups.The follow-ups were conducted at 1 month and 3 months after treatment.The intermittent claudication distance,visual analogue scale(VAS)score and JOA efficacy rating criteria for low back pain score were observed in both groups before treatment,1,2,3 weeks of treatment and 1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment.Adverse reactions during treatment were recorded.Results There were 5 cases of detachment and 2 cases of exclusion in the experimental group,and 5 cases of detachment and 1 case of exclusion in the control group.Compared with before treatment,there were statistically significant differences in intermittent claudication distance,VAS score,and JOA score between the two groups of patients at various time points during treatment and follow-up(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in intermittent claudication distance,VAS score,and JOA score between the experimental group and the control group before treatment and 1 and 2 weeks of treatment(P>0.05);compared with the two groups at 3 weeks of treatment and 1 and 3 months after treatment,the intermittent claudication distance and JOA score in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in VAS score between the two groups and the control group after 3 weeks of treatment(P>0.05).There were 2 adverse reactions(4.4%)in the experimental group and 5 adverse reactions(10.8%)in the control group,without statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusion Zhuanyaotang Granules can effectively relieve pain and improve lumbar function in patients with DLSS,which is more effective and safer than oral celecoxib capsules and methylcobalamin tablets.