Objective To find the reasonable treatment strategy by analyzing the failure pattern and survival rates of radical resection of gastric cancer.Methods Data were collected from 110 patients with radical resection and adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer,counted up the number of cases that failure in different ways.The survival rate after operation was calculated by Kaplan-Meier.The chi-square test was used to find the differences in survival rates between different differentiation,location and gender.Results 1,3,5-year survival rates of 110 cases were 83.64％ (92/110),46.36％ (51/110),35.45％ (39/110),respectively.Malignant ascites was the main failure type for postoperative of gastric cancer,approximately accounting for 41.51％ (22/53),abdominal lymph node metastasis accounting for 30.19％ (16/53),anastomotic recurrence accounting for 13.21％ (7/53),abdominal implantation and mesenteric metastasis accounting for 9.43％ (5/53),organ metastasis accounting for 5.66％ (3/53).The 5-year local failure rate of concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was a little lower than that in adjuvant chemotherapy alone group (15.00％ ∶22.22％).The 1-year survival rates of adjuvant chemotherapy alone and concurrent chemoradiotherapy group were 84.44％ and 80.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =0.236,P =0.627).However,the 3,5-year survival rates of the two groups were 66.67％ vs 40.00％ and 53.33％ vs 20.00％ respectively,with statistically significant differences (x2 =4.930,P =0.026 ; x2 =7.294,P =0.007).Conclusion Peritoneal metastasis is the most common failure pattern for the patients with gastric cancer who received radical operation and adjuvant treatment.The relapse rate of concurrent chemoradiotherapy group is lower than that in adjuvant chemotherapy alone group,but the overall survival rate is similar.

Objective To discuss the X-ray and CT findings of pulmonary air leak in neonates and to improve the early diagnostic ability.Methods The supine anteroposterior chest films of 33 neonates with pulmonary air leak were retrospectively analyzed.A-mong them,spiral CT scanning was performed in 5 cases.Radiographic follow-up was made in 30 cases.Results Pulmonary intersti-tial emphysema was found in 2 cases,pneumomediastinum in 4 cases,simple pneumothorax in 14 cases.Pulmonary interstitial em-physema combined with pneumomediasfinum was detected in 2 cases,with pneumothorax in 4 cases.Pneumomediastinum combined with pneumothorax was displayed in 3 cases.Pulmonary interstitial emphysema combined with pneumomediastinum and pneumotho-rax was found in 4 cases.Among them,medial pneumothorax was shown in 26 side,lateral pneumothorax in 9 side.Conclusion X-ray radiography is the main method for the diagnosis of pulmonary air leak in neonates,and CT can further define the location,range and extent of the disease.

BACKGROUND: It has been considered that Cestrum nocturnum L. (CNL) has the effects of antiarrhythmia, local anesthesia and central inhibition.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the analgesic effect of CNL extract on mice,so as to find new drugs for clinical treatment of pain.DESIGN: A randomized control observation.SETTING: Center of Modern Education and Department of Pharmacology,Gannan Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of scientific research center, Gannan Medical College between March and April in 2005. ① A total of 150 healthy adult Kunming mice were used in four independent experiments. ② Drugs: CNL extract was provided by the Department of Phytochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (batch number: 2002080901), morphine hydrochloride injection by Shenyang No.1Pharmaceutical Factory (batch number: 000305), and naloxone hydrochloride injection by Yanqiao (Hunan) Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., (batch number:20021109).METHODS: ① Effects of CNL extract on writhing times induced by acetic acid: Forty female mice were randomly divided into four groups with10 mice in each, and they were treated with intraperitoneal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 0.10 mg/g aminophenazone respectively. The intraperineal injection of 6 g/L glacial acetic acid was given after 15 minutes. The writhing times of mice within 15 minutes were observed and recorded in each group. ② Effects of CNL extract on the pain induced by hot pla in mice: Forty female mice were randomly divided into four groups with 10 mice in each, and they were treated with intraperineal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0. 10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 0.10 mg/g morphine respectively. The pain responses were detected at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration. ③ The antagonistic effect of naloxone on morphine and CNL extract to the pain induced by hot plate in mice: Thirty female mice were randomly divided into three groups ith 10 mice in each group, and they were given intraperitoneal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, naloxone 0.004 mg/g +morphine 0.01 mg/g and naloxone 0.004 mg/g+CNL extract 0.01 mg/g respectively. The pain responses were detected at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration respectively. ④ Effects of CNL extract on electrostimulation induced pain in mice: Forty mice were randomly divided into four groups with 10 mice in ach group, and they were administrated with intraperineal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 1 g/L morphine respectively. Repeated electrostimulations were given at 20, 35, 50 and 70minutes after administration, and the pain responses were detected by means of electrostimulation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Writhing times; ② Time for the pain response induced by hot plate; ③ Analgesic rate induced by electrostimulation.RESULTS: Totally 150 healthy adult Kunming mice were used in the four independent experiments, and all were involved in the analysis of results. ①Writhing times in the mice: 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extracts and 0.10 mg/g aminophenazone had very significant analgesic effects on writhing induced byacetic acid in mice, and the writhing times after administration were all fewer than those in the saline group (20.2±10.8, 14.5±7.6, 7.6±4.5,50.6±15.5, P ＜ 0.01), and the analgesic effects of CNL extract were dosedependently. ② Time for the pain response induced by hot plate: 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extracts had significant analgesic effects on the pain in duced by hot plate, and the time for pain sensation at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration were all longer than those in the saline group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01), and the analgesic effect was dose-dependently. The times for pain sensation at each time point after administration in the naloxone 0.004 mg/g+CNL extract 0.01 mg/g group were all longer than those in the saline group, but those were close between the naloxone 0.004 mg/g+morphine 0.01 mg/g group and the saline group. ③ Analgesic rate induced by electrostimulation in the mice: The analgesic rates at20, 35, 50 and 70minutes after administration in the CNL extract 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g groups were all higher than those in the saline group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that CNL extract has obvious analgesic effect, and the analgesic intensity is dose-dependently. Naloxone, an opiate receptor antagonist, can antagonize the analgesic effect of morphine,but cannot antagonize that of CNL extract on mice with pain induced by hot plate, which indicates that CNL extract exert its analgesic role not through binding with opiate receptor.

Hearing Loss, Sudden ; therapy ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; etiology

BACKGROUND: As a plant in valerianaceae, patrina villosa juss, which characterizes by acrid and bitter in taste and cold in nature, has been proved that its extract has effect on central inhibition.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of patrina villosa juss extract on hypoxia tolerance of mice and acknowledge whether it has dosage-dependence or not.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Pharmacological Department and Pathological Department of Gannan Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Laboratory of Scientific Research Center of Gannan Medical College from March to April 2005. A total of 100 healthy adult Kunming mice were selected in three hypoxia experiments.METHODS: ① Hypoxia tolerance experiment under normal pressure:Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. Mice were injected intravenously with 2 μL/g saline in saline group, with 0.02 mg/g propranolol solution (10 g/L) in propranolol group, with 0.02 mg/g patrina villosa juss extract in 0.02 mg/g patrina villosa juss group, and 0.04 mg/g patrina villosa juss extract in 0.04 mg/g patrina villosa juss group, respectively. Twenty-five minutes later, mice were put into wide mouthed bottle with the volume of 250 mL and the bottle was enclosed to observe the survival time. ② Rapid decapitation experiment: Thirty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Mice were injected intravenously with 2 μL/g saline in saline group, with 0.02 mg/g patrina villosa juss extract in 0.02 mg/g patrina villosa juss group, and 0.04 mg/g patrina villosa juss extract in 0.04 mg/g patrina villosa juss group, respectively. Twenty-five minutes later, heads of mice were cut rapidly to record the time from decapitation to the last gasp. ③ Experiment for ligating bilateral common carotid artery: Thirty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Mice were perfused with 2 μL/g saline in saline group, with 0.01 mg/g patrina villosa juss extract in 0.01 mg/g patrina villosa juss group, and 0.015 mg/g patrina villosa juss extract in 0.015 mg/g patrina villosa juss group, respectively, once a day for 7 days in total. Seven days later, bilateral common carotid artery was ligated to observe time of respiratory arrest.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Survival time of hypoxia tolerance;② time from decapitation to the last gasp; ③ time from ligating bilateral common carotid artery to respiratory arrest.RESULTS: A total of 100 mice were involved in the final analysis. ① Survival time of hypoxia tolerance under normal pressure: Time in 0.02 mg/g and 0.04 mg/g patrina villosa juss groups was longer than that in saline group [(57.8±4.6), (76.2±4.9), (42.5±3.6) minutes, P ＜ 0.05, 0.01], but there was no significant difference from that in propranolol group (P ＞ 0.05).The higher the dosage was, the longer the survival time was. ② Gasping time of decapitation mice: Time in 0.02 mg/g and 0.04 mg/g patrina villosa juss groups was longer than that in saline group [(22.1 ±1.6),(25.3±2.2), (18.6±0.8) s, P ＜ 0.05, 0.01], and the higher the dosage was, the longer the survival time was. ③ Time of respiratory arrest: Time in 0.01 mg/g and 0.015 mg/g patrina villosa juss groups was longer than that in saline group [(123.4±25.1),(142.2±30.2), (86.0±12.8) s, P ＜ 0.05, 0.01], and the higher the dosage was, the longer the survival time was.CONCLUSION: Patrina villosa juss extract can improve symptom of myocardial hypoxia induced by cerebral hypoxia, whole-body hypoxia and increase of myocardial oxygen consumption; moreover, the higher the dosage is, the more remarkable the effect is. The mechanism is of possibility that patrina villosa juss extract can improve myocardial and cerebral oxygen consumption.

Objective: To establish a multiplex PCR-microarray method for detecting important enteropahogens.Methods: Uniplex and multiplex PCR were performed to obtain the best primer sets for identifying the target bacteria at species and multi-species level.Fluorescent dyes were mixed into PCR reaction to determine whether it can affect the efficiency of amplification.To improve the efficiency of microarray,a 35 pairs primer-labeling system was optimized based on the hybridization results to find the best combination to avoid false negative results.Results: Specific PCR products were all obtained using species-specific primer sets.More preferential amplification may happen when more primer pairs were added to the reaction.The hybridization results showed a positive association between the efficiency of multiplex-PCR and signal intensity.Conventional PCR yielded more products than fluorescent dyes labeled PCR.Thirty-five primers were divided into three different combinations to label target respectively,hybridization results showed a high specificity.Conclusion: Mixing fluorescent dyes into PCR may reduce the efficiency of amplification and hybridization,but may have no effect on the analysis of hybridization results.The hybridization efficiency of microarray depends on the amplification efficiency of multiplex PCR.For microarray target labeling,three primer sets could be used to avoid negative hybridization led by preferential amplification of multiplex-PCR.It indicates that the multiplex PCR-microarray method is an attractive diagnosis tool for the high-throughput identification of enteropathogenic organisms especially for multiple causative agents and epidemiological investigations.

BACKGROUND:Adenovirus, expressing within a limited period, can limit the expression time and amount of target genes that is not conducive to ongoing experiments. Here, we select adenovirus as vectors for genetic recombination with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Trail) gene fragment.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the construction of recombinant lentiviral vector carrying Trail in rats
METHODS:The Trail gene was obtained:according to GenBank in rat Trail gene sequence (NM_145681.1), we designed the gene specific primers of Trail-Age I-F and Trail-AgeI-R, and used AgeI as enzyme cutting site. PCR was applied to amplify Trail gene from rat cDNA Library and construct recombinant plasmids after cutting Trail gene to be cloned into expression vector GV218 by AgeI. Recombinant plasmids were transfected into 293T cells by Lipofeetamine2000 encapsulated recombinant plasmid and auxiliary packaging carrier. The Trail protein of lentiviral plasmids was expressed. Fol owing virus col ection, we identified virus titer and extracted protein from cells to detect Trail expression by western blot assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Screened positive Escherichia coli DH5a competent cells were sequenced with 861 bp, which was consistent with Trail nucleotide sequence in GenBank. After transfection 2 days, virus liquid was col ected and confirmed as recombinant plasmid including Trail gene by PCR and Trail proteins expressed in 293T cells by western blot assay. Hole dilution method and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR determination showed that the virus titer was 2×109 TU/mL. In this study, recombinant lentiviral vector carrying Trail is successful y constructed by homologous recombination in Escherichia coli.

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical efficacy of Zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and conventional titanium plate with cage internal fixation for the treatment of single segmental cervical intervertebral disc herniation.

METHODSFrom August 2011 to March 2014, clinical data of 139 patients with single cervical disc herniation treated with anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion with internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to its operation method. There were 63 patients in group A which performed anterior discectomy and interbody fusion with Zero-profile;76 patients in group B which performed anterior cervical discectomy and cage plate internal fixation. JOA score and Odom functional rating between two groups were compared before and after operation. Videofluorographic swallowing study (VFSS) were used to evaluate thickness of prevertebral soft tissue. Bazaz dysphagia score were used to assess incidence of dysphagia. Postoperative AP X-ray and CT of cervical vertebra at 12 months were applied for evaluating bone graft fusion. Postoperative MRI was applied for evaluating the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration. Blood loss,operative time, preoperative and postoperative JOA score, Odom functional rating and VFSS score, Bazaz score, fusion rate between vertebral bodies and incidence of adjacent segment degeneration were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThere were no statistical meaning between two groups in JOA score, Odom functional rating before and after operation (P > 0.05); and no significant meaning in VFSS score between two groups before operation (P > 0.05); There were no significant difference in operative time and blood loss. There was statistical meaning in VFSS, Bazaz dysphagia score at 2 days, and 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). All patients obtained bone union at 1 year after operation, and no obvious meaning in fusion rate (P > 0.05). Eight patients (12.7%) in group A occurred adjacent segment degeneration and 19 patients (25%) in group B occurred adjacent segment degeneration, and there was significant meaning between two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth of Zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and conventional cage internal fixation for the treatment of single segmental cervical intervertebral disc herniation could obtain satisfied clinical results. While Zero-profile implant for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has advantages of lower incidence of adjacent segment degeneration, and its mid and long term following-up results still further observation.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; surgery ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

Purpose To discuss the clinicopathological features of primary thymic extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and lymphoepithelial sialadenitis (LESA)-like thymic hyperplasia,their relationship and differential diagnosis.Methods Three cases of thymic MALT lymphoma and one LESA-like thymic hyperplasia were evaluated by HE staining,immunohistochemistry and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangement technology.Results The symptoms of Sjsgren syndrome were found in the two patients with thymic MALT lymphoma.Microscopically,the normal architecture of thymus was effaced by dense lymphoid infiltration composed predominantly of centrocyte-like and monocytoid B cells with prominent lymphoepithelial lesions.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells were positive CD20,PAX-5,and BCL-2.The plasma cells showed lambda light chain restriction in one case with prominent plasmacytoid differentiation.In LESA-like thymic hyperplasia,the normal lobular architecture of thymus was generally reserved and abundant lymphoid tissue containing lymphoid follicles was seen with prominent lymphoepithelial lesions in expanding islands of thymic epithelial cells and epithelium lining the cysts,but a monocytoid B-cell population was absent.Immunohistochemically,a mixed B-cell and T-cell population was identified.A monoclonal rearrangement of the Ig gene was detected in all three thymic MALT lymphomas but not in the case of LESA-like hyperplasia.Conclusion Primary thymic MALT lymphoma and LESA-like thymic hyperplasia are both rare lymphoid proliferative lesions and the two lesions have overlapping histological and immunohistochemical features.A combination of genetic rearrangement and analysis of the differential points is helpful to distinguish between them.