OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effect of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) construction with different transplants.

METHODSFrom March 2006 to April 2009, 86 patients including 60 male and 26 female undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were prospectively randomized consecutively into autograft group (44 patients, using autogeneic hamstring tendons) and allograft group (42 patients, using allogenic lower extremity tendons). The age of those patients were 22 - 56 years, averaging (32 ± 7) years. The operations were made by the same doctor with the standard technology. The postoperative effects were assessed by the range of motion and tibia forward distance, Lachman test, pivot shift test, Daniel test, IKDC scores systems, Lysholm-Tegner scores.

RESULTSSeventy-nine patients were followed up, 41 patients in autograft groups averaged 39.6 months and 38 patients in allograft group averaged 37.4 months. The operation time of autograft group was (87 ± 11) minutes, that of allograft group was (55 ± 10) minutes (t = 15.732, P < 0.05). The time of postoperative fever of autograft group was (3.2 ± 1.4) days, that of allograft groups was (7.6 ± 5.3) days (t = 5.740, P < 0.05). The Lysholm scores of autograft group was 42 ± 7 before operation, and 89 ± 8 at final follow-up. The Lysholm scores of allograft group was 44 ± 6 before operation, and 87 ± 9 at final follow-up. There was statistic difference in both groups between before operation and final follow-up (t = 13.534 and 17.768, P < 0.05).But no statistic difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The Tegner scores of autograft group was 2.9 ± 2.1 before operation, and 7.7 ± 1.2 at final follow-up. The Tegner scores of allograft group was 2.7 ± 1.4 before operation, and 7.1 ± 1.6 at final follow-up. There was statistic difference in both groups between before operation and final follow-up (t = 16.004 and 12.338, P < 0.05).No statistic difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The KT2000 results showed that the anterior displacement of autograft groups was (10.7 ± 3.5) mm before operation and (5.0 ± 2.7) mm at final follow-up, the anterior displacement of allograft groups was (10.9 ± 2.9) mm before operation and (6.5 ± 2.4) mm at final follow-up, there was statistic difference between before and after operation in anterior displacement in two groups (t = 16.354 and 13.296 P < 0.05). There was no difference between two groups before operation and at final follow-up. Compared to before operation, the IKDC scores were improved greatly after operation (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe clinical effect of arthroscopic ACL construction with allograft transplants is near to autograft.

Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tendons ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the role of neurite outgrowth inhibitor (Nogo)-oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (Omgp)/Ras homologous (Rho)-Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (Rock) signaling pathway in acute brain injury of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning rats and treatment feasibility with Rho kinase inhibitor hydrochloride fasudil.Methods:According to random number table method, 135 healthy male SD rats were divided into three groups: a normal control group, a CO poisoning group and a fasudil treatment group ( n=45). Rat models of acute severe CO poisoning were established in the CO poisoning group and fasudil treatment group by inhalation method in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber. All rats received hyperbaric oxygen therapy for two weeks. Rats in the farsudil treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with hydrochloride farsudil for intervention (15 mg/[kg·d], once a d for 2 weeks), while those in the CO poisoning and normal control groups received the same volume of normal saline. The ultrastructures of rat brain tissues were observed by transmission electron microscopy one week after modeling. Staining intensities of Nogo- and OMgp-positive cells were detected by immunohistochemistry, and those of Rock-positive cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence one d, one week, one month and two months after modeling. The protein expressions of Nogo, OMgp and Rock in brain tissues were detected by Western blotting one d, one week, one month and two months after modeling. Results:In the CO poisoning group, the ultrastructures of brain tissues and blood-brain barrier were damaged obviously, and the changes in nucleus, mitochondria and synaptic structure were obvious; while fasudil treatment could effectively maintain the integrity of ultrastructures and functions of brain tissues, and reduce brain edema. One d, one week, one month and two months after modeling, the staining intensities of Nogo, OMgp and Rock positive cells and protein expression levels of Nogo, OMgp and Rock in the CO poisoning group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group at the same time point ( P<0.05); the staining intensities of Nogo, OMgp and Rock positive cells and protein expression levels of Nogo, OMgp and Rock in the fasudil treatment group were significantly lower than those in the CO poisoning group at the same time point ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The activation of Nogo-OMgp/Rho-Rock signaling pathway related molecules (Nogo, OMgp and Rock) is closely related to acute brain injury caused by CO poisoning; hydrochloride fasudil can effectively down-regulate the protein expressions of Nogo, OMgp and Rock, therefore obviously alleviate brain injury after CO poisoning.

The aim of this study is to develop a convenient and effective method for the identification of heparin from pigs (include Sus scrofa domestica Brisson and Sus scrofa riukiuanus). Based on sequences of D-loop region of pigs and the other animals, two pairs of highly specific primers were designed for distinguishing heparin of pigs from other animals. The primers were employed to amplify D-loop region of DNA templates extracted from pig and seven other animal species that amounted to 49 samples. AS-PCR (allele-specific PCR) and ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system) were all suitable for fast identification of heparin from pig with anneal temperature at 54-56 degrees C in AS-PCR and with wider anneal temperature in ARMS,at 52-58 degrees C. An about 170 bp DNA fragments were amplified from separately pigs and whereas no DNA fragment was amplified from other samples under the same reaction condition.
Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Heparin ; analysis ; genetics ; Horses ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Quality Control ; Ruminants ; genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sus scrofa ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the restoration of erectile function by reconstructing cavernous nerves (CN) with small intestinal submucosa (SIS) grafts.

METHODSWe prepared SIS grafts, established rat models and divided the models into a CN ablation, a sham-operation and an SIS graft group. The CNs at both sides were severed with 1 cm ablated in the first group, and 0.5 cm removed in the third, followed by reconstruction with the SIS grafts. Three months after surgery, the apomorphine test was performed to evaluate the erectile function, and then all the rats were sacrificed to detect the expression of nNOS in the penis.

RESULTSPenile erection was observed in 72.73% (8/11) of the rats for (1.07 +/- 0.89) times within 30 min in the SIS graft group, as compared with 0% (0/11) of the rats for (0.00 +/- 0.00) times in the CN ablation group (P < 0.01), and 90.91% (10/11) of the rats for (2.19 +/- 1.17) times in the sham-operation group (P < 0.01). The number of nNOS nerve fibers was significantly larger in the SIS graft than in the CN ablation group (70.36 +/- 10.09 versus 22.09 +/- 4.76, P < 0.01), but both were significantly smaller than that of the sham-operation group (90.81 +/- 5.69, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe SIS grafting technique contributes to the recanalization of the severed CN and restoration of erectile function in rats after surgical injury.

Animals ; Erectile Dysfunction ; surgery ; Intestinal Mucosa ; transplantation ; Intestine, Small ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; Nerve Tissue ; injuries ; surgery ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; innervation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application of tunica dartos flap coverage to the prevention of urinary fistula in tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty.

METHODSThis study included 140 cases of hypospadias following TIP urethroplasty, aged 1.9-22 (mean 5.6) years. Of the total number, 85 cases of the distal type were treated by coverage of the neourethra with the longitudinal ventrolateral pedicled-dartos penile skin flap, while the other 55 cases of the proximal type with the pedicled-dartos flap of arteriae scrotales anteriories.

RESULTSUrethrocutaneous fistula occurred in 12 of the patients, including 7 cases of distal and 6 cases of proximal hypospadias.

CONCLUSIONFor distal hypospadias, the longitudinal ventrolateral pedicled-dartos penile skin flap can be used, while for proximal urethroplasty, the pedicled-dartos flap of arteriae scrotales anteriories can be applied in coverage of the neourethra, which can effectively reduce the incidence of fistula.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Scrotum ; blood supply ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urinary Fistula ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the antioxidant activity of astragalus and its therapeutic effect on gestational diabetes.

METHODSEighty-four pregnant women with gestational diabetes were divided into insulin and insulin plus astragalus groups after regular dietary control and insulin treatment to maintain stable blood glucose level. The 43 patients in insulin group received insulin injection, whereas the 41 patients in the other group received treatment with both insulin and astragalus. The SOD activity, MDA level, blood lipids and renal function were determined in both groups after the treatments.

RESULTSThe patients with both insulin and astragalus treatments showed significantly increased serum SOD activity and decreased MDA level, renal function and blood lipids in comparison with those with exclusive insulin treatment.

CONCLUSIONAstragalus can effectively control blood glucose, reduce the free radicals, and promote the antioxidative activity, and may play a role in the prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes.

Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Astragalus Plant ; Diabetes, Gestational ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phytotherapy ; Pregnancy ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study therapeutic effects of capsulitis of little toe treated with minimal incisional osteotomy and manipulations procedures.

METHODSFrom 2003.7 to 2008.6, 90 patients (160 feet) with capsulitis of little toe including 3 male (5 foot) and 87 female (155 foot) ranging in age from 17 to 76 years(average of 49.2 years).The average medical history was 10.1 years ranging from 1 to 32 years. All patients with capsulitis of little toe were treated with minimal incisional osteotomy and manipulations procedures adopting the modified Coughlin standard to evaluation.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up, the duration of follow-up raunged from 3 to 36 months with averagement of 15.7 months. According to the modified Coughlin standard, 80 cases obtained an excellent result, 8 good, 2 fair and 0 poor, the effective rate was 97.8%. However,two patients were found delayed union after operation, the distal fragments healed following the time of fixation were delayed.

CONCLUSIONThe treatment of capsulitis of little toe with minimal incisional osteotomy and manipulations procedures is easy to operate and its therapeutic effect is convincing.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bunion, Tailor's ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Toes ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of mixed grafting of allogeneic PADM and autologous STS on wound healing of full-thickness defect in rats.

METHODSFull-thickness defects with size of 6 cm x 4 cm were produced on the back of 12 SD rats, and they were divided into E group (n = 6) and C group (n = 6) according to the random number table. The wounds in E group were grafted with a mix of allogeneic PADM (expansion rate 10: 5) and autologous STS with thickness of 0.2 mm, while those in C group were grafted with autologous STS in the same thickness. The wound healing rate, survival rate, contraction rate, and expansion rate of transplanted skin were observed at post operation week (POW) 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 20. Tissue samples form wounds and surrounding normal skin were harvested at POW 20 for histopathological observation as follows. The structure of collagen fiber bundle was observed by HE staining, the diameter and gap rate of collagen fiber bundle were also measured. The distribution of type I and III collagen was observed by sircus red staining, and the contents of type I, III collagen and their ratio were also examined. Data were processed with independent samples t test, Levene test, and t' test.

RESULTSSurvival rate of transplanted skin in E group at POW 2 [(76.1 +/- 13.1)%] was obviously lower than that in C group [(94.5 +/- 1.3)%, t' = 3.440, P = 0.018]. Contraction rate of transplanted skin in E, C groups at POW 3 showed significant difference [(34 +/- 8)% vs. (16 +/- 12)%, t = -3.211, P = 0.009]. Compared with those in peri-wound normal skin, collagen fiber bundles in C group showed signs of homogenization, and collagen fibers were thin with irregular arrangement. Collagen fiber structure and arrangement of composite skin in E group were similar to those surrounding normal skin with incomplete degradation of PADM. Diameter of collagen fiber bundle [(9.6 +/- 0.8) microm], gap rate between collagen bundle [(24 +/- 5)%], content of type I collagen [(80.2 +/- 5.4)%] and the ratio of type I to type III collagen (4.3 +/- 1.2) in E group were all increased as compared with those in C group [(7.3 +/- 1.4) microm (t = -3.562, P = 0.005), (17 +/- 4)% (t = -2.760, P = 0.020), (68.1 +/- 8.4)% (t = -2.981, P = 0.014), 2.3 +/- 1.0 (t = -3.204, P = 0.009)], while content of type III collagen [(19.8 +/- 5.4)%] in E group was lower than that in C group [(32.0 +/- 8.4)%, t = 2. 981, P = 0.014]. Above-mentioned indexes of collagen in wound of E group were similar to those of normal skin surrounding the wound.

CONCLUSIONSAllogeneic PADM used as dermal regeneration template is beneficial in improving collagen fiber bundle structure in dermis layer of rats with full-thickness skin wounds when repaired with autologous STS, and it accelerates maturation of regenerative dermal tissue.

Animals ; Burns ; surgery ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; Dermis ; cytology ; transplantation ; Extracellular Matrix ; transplantation ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; injuries ; Skin Transplantation ; Skin, Artificial ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing

A new hydrophobic absorbent based on homemade highly cross-linked agarose beads was synthesized by immobilizing butyl derivative onto the matrix linkage. The density of ligand was controlled by adjusting the concentration of butanethiol and the synthesis route was optimized by evaluating the purification efficiency of recombinant Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expressed by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. A high performance absorbent was finally screened out with up to 80% of HBsAg recovery and purification-fold (PF) about 20. Furthermore, the column pressure was about 0.06 MPa under the flow rate of 500cm/h, and no leaked butyl were detected after exposing the gel in common buffers, chaotropic agents, high concentrations of denaturing agents such as guanidine hydrochloride, urea and polar organic solvents. These results demonstrated that the absorbent have high physico-chemical stability, so it was available for the downstream process. Finally, after scaled up to 2L wet gel/batch, the absorbent was applied to the integration of three-step chromatography and obtained the purified CHO-HBsAg with 95% purity by SDS-PAGE and HPLC, which meet the requirements of SFDA. The purification efficiency and the reproducible ability of the absorbents were also evaluated from batch-to-batch. The results demonstrated that the absorbent met the requirement of scalable, reproducible, economic effect as well. This absorbent is a promising alternative exported HIC gel for wildly being used in Chinese pharmaceutical industries.
Animals ; CHO Cells ; Chromatography, Agarose ; methods ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture for persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR).Methods:A total of 154 PAR patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group,78 cases in the treatment group received acupuncture at meridian points,while 76 cases in the control group received acupuncture at non-meridian points.The treatment was done every other day,3 times a week for a total 4 weeks.The total nasal symptom score (TNSS),the total non-nasal symptom score (TNNSS) and the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) were measured before the treatment and after 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment,as well as 1 month and 3 months after the treatment to compare the clinical effect between the two groups.Results:After 4 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate in the treatment group was 92.3％,versus 76.3％ in the control group,showing a statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Intra-group comparisons of TNSS,TNNSS and RQLQ scores after 4 weeks of treatment showed statistically significant differences (all P＜0.05).Between-group comparisons of TNSS,TNNSS and RQLQ score after 4 weeks of treatment and in follow-up visits showed statistically significant differences (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture is effective for PAR,and acupuncture at meridian points can produce a better effect than acupuncture at non-meridian points.