The traditional Chinese medicinal therapy of the eye acupuncture is one of superior microacupuncture therapies which was invented by famous acupuncture professor Peng Jing-shan. Through needling points around the eye, the treatment can treat the diseases of whole body, especially for curing apoplectic paralysis. This article expounded and analyzed the mechanism of eye acupuncture in treating apoplectic paralysis through medical theory, biological holographic theory, modern nerves anatomy and nerves physiology.

Objective: To evaluate the current situation and trend of anti-infection drug usage in 11 hospitals of Shanghai during 2003-2005. Methods: Using the cost ranking approach, we analyzed the anti-infection drug usage in 11 major hospitals of Shanghai during 2003-2005. The drug species, consumption, cost, manufacturer, etc. were analyzed by Excel 2000 software. Results: It was found that the cost of anti-infection drugs in the 11 hospitals occupied 22. 65% of the total drug expenditure during 2003-2005 and the expenditure decreased at an annual rate of 4.02%. We also found that 80% of the anti-infection drugs were antibiotics. The consumption of β-lactamase inhibitor valued 44.120 5, 73.696 7 and 95.163 0 million Yuan in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively (with a yearly growth of 46.86%), ranking the 3rd in 2003 and the 2nd in both 2004 and 2005. The consumption of cephalosporins ranked the first during 2003-2005, The top 20 anti-infection drugs occupied nearly 80% of the total consumption; the consumption of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone raised from the 17th in 2003 to the 5th in 2004 and to the first in 2005. Conclusion: The consumption of anti-infection drugs has been restrained; cephalosporins are still the major drugs in clinical practice; and the consumption of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone is on the rise year by year.

Adult ; Anthropometry ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged

In this study, cardiotonic and cardiotoxic effects of Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK) I, a modulator of voltage-gated sodium channels, were investigated on the isolated rat hearts. The results showed that BmK I evoked complex effects characterized by a change in both cardiac mechanical and electrical activity. Langendorff perfusion showed that: (1) maximal left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP(max)) and dp/dt(max) were markedly increased by BmK I (0.5-10 micromol/L) in a dose-dependent manner (n=6, P<0.05), positive chronotropic effects were also induced by BmK I (n=6, P<0.05); (2) negative inotropic action and bradycardia could be elicited at a larger dose of BmK I (20 micromol/L); (3) the coronary flow varied inversely with the positive inotropic effects, coronary flow reduced during positive inotropic effects from 14.5 to 8.6 ml/min after administration of 500 nmol/L BmK I (n=6, P<0.05). In addition, tachycardia and complex cardiac arrhythmias were induced by BmK I (0.5-10 micromol/L). The modulating of BmK I on the heart mechanical, electrical activity could be partially recovered after washing. As propranolol was applied to block the release of catecholamines before administration of BmK I, suggesting that the changes in cardiac mechanical and electrical activity induced by BmK I might not due to catecholamine release from the nerve terminal and subsequent stimulation of the beta-adrenoceptor but attributable to the modulation of BmK I on cardiac voltage-gated sodium channels.
Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; Electrophysiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Insect Proteins ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction ; drug effects ; NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel ; Neurotoxins ; pharmacology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Scorpion Venoms ; pharmacology ; Sodium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Sodium Channels ; drug effects

Objective:To evaluate the current situation and trend of anti-infection drug usage in 11 hospitals of Shanghai during 2003-2005.Methods:Using the cost ranking approach,we analyzed the anti-infection drug usage in 11 major hospitals of Shanghai during 2003-2005.The drug species,consumption,cost,manufacturer,etc,were analyzed by Excel 2000 software. Results:It was found that the cost of anti-infection drugs in the 11 hospitals occupied 22.65% of the total drug expenditure during 2003-2005 and the expenditure decreased at an annual rate of 4.02%.We also found that 80% of the anti-infection drugs were antibiotics.The consumption of?-lactamase inhibitor valued 44.120 5,73.696 7 and 95.163 0 million Yuan in 2003,2004 and 2005,respectively(with a yearly growth of 46.86%),ranking the 3rd in 2003 and the 2nd in both 2004 and 2005.The consumption of cephalosporins ranked the first during 2003-2005.The top 20 anti-infection drugs occupied nearly 80% of the total consumption;the consumption of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone raised from the 17th in 2003 to the 5th in 2004 and to the first in 2005.Conclusion:The consumption of anti-infection drugs has been restrained;cephalosporins are still the major drugs in clinical practice;and the consumption of sulbactam sodium/cefoperazone is on the rise year by year.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of canal wall-down tympanoplasty(CWdT)on chronic otitis media and evaluate the effects of simultaneous auditory rehabilitation.Methods 13 cases on chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma and/or granulation tissue were treated by CWdT,the effects were contrast with radi- cal mastoidectomy.Results After 6 months to 6 years of follow-up,all the cases by CWdT had dry ear without re- currence.The rate of hearing restoration and improvement was 84.6% from the cases.In same times,the rate of re- currence,hearing restoration and improvement was 52.6%,31.0% from the mastoidectomies.Conclusion The CWdT has advantage in indication,removal of lesions and the operation could be adjusted appropriately for simulta- neously auditory rehabilitation.

Objective To compare the bilateral symmetry characters of corneal topography in patients with different refraction, age and gender.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 1000 eyes of 500 patients who were going to undergo corneal refractive surgery with myopia from 18 to 47 years old.Methods Bilateral corneal topography was obtained using TOMEY Version 3.30.Contact lenses had not been worn for more than a week before the examination,and patients with dry eye or other ocular and systemic diseases were excluded.Main Outcome Measures Symmetry and symmetric rates of corneal topography.Results Bilateral symmetry of loca- tion of the cone apex and refraction:uniform 3.4%;almost symmetry 1.8%;approximately symmetry 79.0%;asymmetry 15.8%.The rates of bilateral symmetry in patients with different refraction:0.05).Conclusions 80% of patients with myopia have bi- lateral symmetric corneal topography patterns.The rates of bilateral symmetry of corneal topography increase with the increase of spher- ical refraction(

AIM: To study the protective effects of Naokangning (Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix salviae miltiorrhizae, Hirudo, etc.) against cerebral ischemia. METHODS: We observed the effect of Naokangning on mice's resistance to cerebral ischemia when bilateral common carotid arteries and vagus nerves were ligated and hypoxia under normal pressure and airtight circumstance; With the model of partial cerebral ischemia by blocking rats'middle cer ebral artery (MACO):the effects of Naokangning on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and creatine kinas e(CK), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured. RESULTS: Naokangning significantly raised mice's ability of anti-cerebral ischemia and prolonged span of life in hypoxia, Moreover, it also obviously improved the activity of SOD, reduced content of MDA in cerebrum, content of NO and activity of CK in blood serum after ischemia. CONCLUSION: Naokangning could strikingly protect brain caused by cerebral ischemia.

OBJECTIVETo construct a recombinant lentiviral vector (pXZ208-BDDhFVIII) mediating B-domain-deleted human coagulation factor VIII (BDDhFVIII) gene and investigate its expression in HLF, Chang-Liver and MSC cells.

METHODSBDDhFVIII gene fragment was separated by endonuclease digestion and was cloned into the multiple cloning sites of pXZ208 to construct a recombinant lentiviral vector pXZ208-BDDhFVIII. Viral particles were prepared by means of three-plasmid cotransfection of 293T package cells by calcium phosphate precipitation. After infection, the coagulant activity of human FVIII in the culture medium of 293T, HLF, Chang-Liver and MSC cells was assayed by one-stage method. The gene transduction efficiency was assayed by flow cytometry (FCM). Furthermore, PCR was performed to test the integration of BDDhFVIII.

RESULTSThe infection rates of HLF, Chang-Liver and MSC were (74.52 +/- 7.57)%, (27.24 +/- 6.53)% and (42.34 +/- 5.84)% respectively. The activities of FVIII in supernatants of HLF, Chang-Liver and MSC were (54.1 +/- 5.6)%, (22.5 +/- 2.9)% and (12.5 +/- 2.7)% respectively. BDDhFVIII gene integration was detected in all the infected cells.

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant lentiviral vector pXZ208-BDDhFVIII was successfully constructed and efficiently integrated into target cells to express human FVIII activity in vitro.

Cell Line ; Factor VIII ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Plasmids ; Transfection

OBJECTIVEReduced oxygen availability at a high altitude is associated with increased pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). With the altitude goes up the change of PAP in healthy children is still not clear. The difference of PAP in native Tibetan and Han children at a high altitude are also not clear. Many studies have shown that Doppler echocardiographic estimation of PAP correlates closely to the values obtained with the invasive measurement. Therefore the indexes of PAP in health children living at different altitudes were investigated and the indexes of PAP in Han and Tibetan children at the high altitude were compared by Doppler echocardiography.

METHODSA randomized survey was carried out on the indexes of PAP with Doppler echocardiography (HP-8500 and CAL-163 echocardiographic machine) by two doctors of Qinghai Provincial Women and Children Hospital from June 1998 to July 2002. The survey covering Jiuzhi Qinghai (at 3700 m above the sea level), Xining Qinghai (at 2260 m above the sea level) and Shanghai (at 16 m above the sea level) included a population of 1061 children aged 0 - 14 years. The population of 1061 composed of 218 Han children at Shanghai, 567 Han children at Xining Qinghai and 276 children at Jiuzhi, Qinghai including 118 migrated Han and 148 native Tibetan children. The physical, EKG and chest X-ray examination of each child were carried out to ensure all the subjects were healthy. A pulse oximeter was placed on each child's foot to provide measurements of arterial oxygen saturation (SO2) distal to the ductus arteriosus. The indexes of PAP included right ventricular systolic time interval (RSTI) and mean of pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) which was assessed by a multiple regression equation (mPAP=27.79 + 35.42 x PEP/AT-50.85 x AT/ETc). The AT/ETc was that AT/ET was divided by R-R. The RSTI included previous ejection period (PEP), ascending time (AT), ejection time (ET), PEP/AT and AT/ET. All subjects were divided into 7 age groups. The data of PAP indexes were compared among three different altitude groups and age groups. The data of PAP indexes were also compared in Han and Tibetan children living over 3700 m sea level in each age group.

RESULTSWith the altitude increase the SO2 of the subjects obviously reduced and the indexes of PAP changed. The SO2 correlated closely with the PEP, AT, PEP/A, AT/ET and mPAP (r = 0.352, 0.144, -0.394, -0.166 and -0.363, respectively; P < 0.01). The AT and AT/ET in the groups of 2260 m and 3700 m were shorter than those in the group of 16 m (P = 0.03-0.000) in each age group. The PEP and PEP/AT in 3700 m group were longer than those in 2260 m and 16 m groups (P=0.006-0.000) in each age group. The mPAP in 3700 m group was higher than that in 2260 m and 16 m groups in each age group (mean [+/-SE] mmHg, 35.23 +/- 8.72 vs 17.99 +/- 8.78 and 15.86 +/- 8.96 aged 0 - 28 d, 32.06 +/- 13.38 vs 20.72 +/- 5.71 and 14.64 +/- 8.19 aged to 6 mo, 31.83 +/- 10.53 vs 20.89 +/- 10.12 and 14.69 +/- 5.89 aged to 1 yr, 27.58 +/- 13.55 vs 19.12 +/- 9.75 and 17.36 +/- 6.71 aged to 3 yr, 24.19 +/- 8.38 vs 19.64 +/- 9.36 and 16.43 +/- 4.68 aged to 6 yr, 23.90 +/- 11.35 vs 16.77 +/- 6.79 and 14.42 +/- 6.50 aged to 10 yr, 23.08 +/- 7.31 vs 18.53 +/- 7.25 and 15.45 +/- 6.12 aged to 14 yr, P=0.000). With the growth of the children the reduction of PAP was remarkable at 3700 m above sea level (F=5.638 P=0.000), the mPAP indexes of the first, second and third age groups were evidently higher than those of the other age groups. The SO2, RSTI and mPAP in the native Tibetan children were not different from those in the migrated Han children (P > 0.05) in each age group.

CONCLUSIONThe PAP of healthy children at the high altitude was different from that of healthy children at the low altitude. The PAP of the healthy children at 3700 m above sea level was remarkably increased. At 3700 m above sea level the PAP of newborns and infants increased much more compared with that of juvenile. The race may not significantly affect the PAP at the high altitude. The high altitude hypoxic environment might play a major role in the increase of PAP.

Adolescent ; Altitude ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; analysis ; Pulmonary Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; physiology ; Tibet