AimTo evaluate the effects of different doses of valsartan on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) . MethodsEighteen SHR(fourteenweek-old, male) were divided into three groups (six rats in each group ): SHR control group in which the rats were fed with normal saline; low dose valsartan group in which the rats were fed with valsartan 8 mg· kg-1 · d-1 and high dose valsartan group in which the rats were fed with valsartan 24 mg · kg -1 · d-1, all for 8 weeks. The rats in the WKY control group(n ＝ 6) were fed with normal saline for 8 weeks. Results SBP, LVM/ BW and TDM of SHR were remarkably lower than those of the control after drug intervention, and the effect on SBP, LVM/ BW and TDM was most remarkable in the high dose valsartan group. ConclusionDifferent doses of valsartan can decrease SBP of SHR and inhibit the progression of ventricular hypertrophy.

Female ; Humans ; Cervix Uteri/surgery* ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/surgery*

China ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy

Abstract: Objective To establish an animal model of BALB/c mice infected with Burkholderia pseudomallei through the nose (inhalation route), provides a reliable animal model for the follow-up studies on the virulence of melioidosis and the pathogenesis of acute melioidosis. Methods　The experiment was carried out through infecting with Burkholderia pseudomallei through the nose (inhalation route). The pathophysiological response, visceral pathological damage and bacterial colonization of the mice infected with Burkholderia pseudomallei were observed by gross anatomy, histopathology and tissue homogenate count, and the biological characteristics of the mouse model of acute melioidosis were analyzed accordingly. Then we compared the physiological responses in BALB/c mice between the Burkholderia pseudomallei and non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis. Results　In the model of acute nasal infection with Burkholderia thailandensis, most death happened between the 3rd to 5th day after infection, 3×105-3×106 CFU was the suitable dose for acute fatal melioidosis model of BALB/c mice, and the medium lethal dose was about 3×104-3×105 CFU. Both gross anatomy and tissue HE staining showed that abscesses or necrosis were found in the lung, spleen and liver, especially in the spleen and lung, which was positively correlated with the challenge dose. Viable bacteria was isolated from the blood, lung, spleen and liver of Burkholderia pseudomallei-infected mice, and the bacteria account colonization was related to tissue specificity. The concentration of live bacteria isolated from in the blood was the highest [Log2 value: (10.28±0.34) CFU/mL], and the organ with the maximum quantity of bacteria was the lung [Log2 value: (7.54±2.11) CFU/total organ]. It has been reported that the biological effects of Burkholderia pseudomallei and its homologous non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis were similar at the cellular level, like multi-nuclear giant cell formation and active intracellular replication, while it is still unclarrified in the differences of virulence in mice. In this study, it was proved that Burkholderia thailandensis was not fatal to mice even at a high dose (8×107CFU), or detected from mice infected with it via nasal. Conclusion　We successfully established a reliable BALB/c mouse model (acute lethal model) of melioidosis via nasal infection, described its biological characteristics, and identified the different biological responses between Burkholderia pseudomallei and its homologous non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis in mice.

China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy

Adolescent ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Erythropoietin ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Young Adult

Characters of one Candida intermedia yeast strain which isolated from nature can produce ethanol from xylose-fermenting been systemic studied. In conditions 28?C, 120 r/min, 72 h, it can produce 6.480 g/L ethanol from 7% xylose and 43.70% theoretical production of ethanol from 3% xylose. It can produce up to 21.225 g/L ethanol when incubation time prolong to 156 h from 8% xylose. It also can ferment 13% glucose produce 47.647 g/L ethanol and reach 76.90% of theoretical ethanol production, respectively. Compared to CK, ethanol productivity can be improved 9.91% when add 8% xylose in three times as 3%, 2% and 3%, respectively. Glucose can be first utilized in the mixture sugar medium. When the ratio of xylose vs. glucose is 3:1in mixture sugar, the productivity of ethanol can be improving 25%.

Background Surgical induced astigmatism induced by a 5.5mm of superior scleral tunnel incision is a key cause of influencing vision outcome in the high myopic eyes after implantation of Artisan phakic intraocular lens(IOL).Objective This study was to evaluate the surgical induced astigmatism through a 5.5mm superior scleral tunnel incision during the implantation of Artisan phakic IOL.Methods This was a case observational study.The clinical data of 202 eyes of 111 patients with Artisan IOL implantation for high myopia from October 2004 through October 2008 was collected.The patients were followed-up for 12 months.The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best spectacle-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),spherical equivalent(SE),cylinder equivalent(CE) and cylinder axis were examined before surgery and postoperative 1,3,6,12 months.The patients were divided into with rule group and against rule group according to the cylinder axis.Surgery-induced astigmatism value was calculated using Holladay vector analysis formula.This clinical trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong General Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to the surgery.Results The UCVA of 195 eyes(94.1%) was 0.5 or better in postoperative 12 months,and that of 172 eyes(85.1%) showed the improvement of BCVA during the follow-up duration.The mean CE values were reduced in 1,3,6,12 months after surgery in comparison with before surgery(t=-4.30,P=0.00;t=-2.27,P=0.01;t=-2.04,P=0.04;t=-2.79,P=0.01).Vector analysis of total surgically induced astigmatism revealed that the mean incision-induced astigmatism value was +1.94D,+2.26D,+2.29D,+2.25D at 171°,170°,181°,175° in 1,3,6,12 months after surgery.The surgery-induced astigmatism was(+1.97±1.84)D,(+2.25±1.75)D,(+2.27±1.76)D,(+2.24±1.75)D in with rule group at postoperative 1,3,6,12 months respectively;while those in against rule group was(+1.75±1.88)D,(+2.35±1.74)D,(+2.38±1.76)D,(+2.34±1.74)D respectively.No significant differences were found between the two groups(t=0.54,-0.29,-0.27,-0.29;P=0.59,0.78,0.79,0.78).Conclusion Implantation of Artisan IOL is an effective approach for correction of high myopia.A 5.5mm superior scleral tunnel incision in operation induces a +2.25D astigmatism at 175° meridian.

Background Dominant eye is one of the functional asymmetric organ,and the dfference between dominant eye and undominant eye is a researching hotspot.But the study about accommodation in adult myopia is less.Objective This study was to determine the association between ocular dominances and accommodative factors in the subjects with adult myopia.Methods This study used prospective descriptive research method.Thirty-five subjects aged from 18 to 35 years with the myopia ranged from-2.00 D to-10.00 D and anisometropia less than 1.5 D,BCVA≥ 1.0 were recruited consecutively in this study.Ocular dominance was determined using the hole-inthe-card test and thumb test.Refractive error was measured with objective and subjective optometry,and amplitude of accommodation was measured by push-up test.Fusion cross cylinder(FCC) was used to measure the accommodative lag,and flipper test was applied to determine the accommodative facility.Oral informed consent was obtained from each subject before any relevant examination.Results No significant differences were found in the amplitude of accommodation (D),accommodative facility (cpm) and accommodative lag (D) between the dominant eye and undominant eye (accommodative amplitude:9.69 D±2.30 D vs.9.60 D±2.37 D,P =0.294 ;accommodative facility: 11.08 D±4.20 D vs.10.63 D± 4.60 D,P=0.260;accommodative lag:P=0.141).In the patients with the right eyes as dominance eyes,the accommodative amplitude of both eyes were (9.48±2.29) cpm and (9.33 ± 2.49) cpm,and accommodative facility were (10.50 ± 4.70) cpm and (9.99 ± 4.90) cpm.There were no significant differences between the right and left eyes in the accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodative lag (P =0.319,0.116,0.590).In the patients with the left eyes as dominant eyes,the accommodative amplitude of both eyes were (9.91±2.35)D and (9.88±2.26) D,and accommodative facility were (10.70±3.77)cpm and (11.25 ±4.27) cpm.No significant differences were seen between the right eyes and left eyes in the accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility and accommodative lag (P =0.749,0.295,0.238).Conclusions The amplitude of accommodation of the dominant eye is not significantly enhanced,and less accommodative lag and better accommodative facility also are found in the demonstrate eye in myopia adults with low anisometropia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ureteroscopic endo-incision and drainage in the treatment of renal cysts.Methods Thirty cases(19 females and 11 males)of renal cysts(1 1 parapelvie cysts,15 simple cysts.and 4 multiple cysts)were treated with ureteroscopic endo-incision and drainage.The renal cysts were located in renal pelvis,and opened and decompressed by electrotme with ureteroscope.Double J stent was placed afterwards.Urinary and blood biochemistry were tested post-operatively.Results All the operations were successfully completed with no severe complication.The cyst managing time ranged from 15 tO 45 min.Urinary biochemistry(urinary protein and glucose)turned normal 1 2 days after the surgery.Patients were followed up for 3 to 9 months.Renal cysts disappeared in 24 cases,diminished in 4 cases,and recurred in 2 cases.Conclusion Application of ureteroscopic technique in the treatment of renal cyst is safe,effective and minimally invasive.