ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of recombinant thioredoxin (TRX)on apoptosis of myocardium cell in viral myocarditis of mice.MethodsTwenty-four Balb/c mice,weighting 12 - 14 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups:the control group,the virus group and the protective group,8 mice in each group.The virus group and the protective group were injected with 0.1 ml 100TCID50 Coxackie virus B3 (CVB3)intraperitoneally,and the control group was injected equal volume of saline.Therewithal the protective group was injected with TRX(2 mg/kg) by tail vein,and the virus group was injected saline the same way.After 14 days all mice were killed and hearts were taken.Changes of myocardial histopathology was observed with optical microscope,cell apoptosis was checked by TUNEL technique,and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2,caspase-3)in infiltrated cell of myocardium was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results(①)Lymphocyte infiltration and necrosis were observed in survivals of the virus group,sporadic coagulation necrosis and ballooning degeneration of cells were observed in the protective group,however no myocardial lesion was found in the control group.(②)TUNEL technique showed that the positive ratio of apoptosis in the virus group and the protective group[(90.23 ± 3.63)％,(20.02 ± 2.41)％] was significantly higher than that of the control group(0.00 ± 0.00,all P ＜ 0.05),the positive ratio of apoptosis in the protective group was significantly lower than that of the virus group (P ＜ 0.05 ).(③)Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of protein Bcl-2(+,++,+++) in the virus group and the protective group was significantly higher than that of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression of protein Bcl-2 in the protective group was significantly higher than that of the virus group(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of caspase-3 (+,++) was significantly higher in the virus group and the protective group than the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the virus group,the expression of caspase-3 in the protective group was significantly lower(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionTRX could inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis in viral myocarditis mice and the inhibition is related to regulation of apoptosis-related protein expression.

Seven acylated triterpene saponins were isolated from the roots of Securidaca inappendiculata by means of various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel, MPLC, preparative HPLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified as securioside A(1), securioside B(2), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-4-O-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(3), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3) ] -4-O-[(E/Z)-3, 4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(3/4), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-4-O-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(5), polygalasa- ponin XLV(6), and polygalasaponin XLVI (7) on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis and physicochemical properties. Among them, compounds 5-7 were isolated from the plants in genus Securidaca for the first time and compounds 3, 3/4 were isolated from the species for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay showed that compounds 2, 3/4, 5 have moderate cytotoxic activities against Lewis lung carcinoma LLC cells with IC50 values of 41.10, 38.17, and 48.92 µmol · L(-1), respectively; compound 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 47.93 µmol · L(-1).
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Securidaca ; chemistry

In order to study whether plasma can affect the structure and function of red blood cells during their storage period, the differences of pH value, concentration of K(+), Na(+), osmotic fragility, plasma hemoglobin, AchE, ATP, 2.3-DPG, P50 in suspended RBC, washed RBC, and RBC with various plasma volume at different storage times were compared. The results showed that plasma helped the blood to keep the RBC at high pH value, low K(+), high Na(+) and maintain RBC-ATP, oxygen carry capacity and deformability, but no effect on maintenance of osmotic fragility, and levels of plasma hemoglobin, AchE, ATP and 2.3-DPG was found in preservated blood. In conclusion, human plasma may be in favour of the preservation of red blood cells.
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate ; blood ; Adenosine Triphosphate ; blood ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Erythrocytes ; chemistry ; cytology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plasma ; physiology ; Potassium ; blood ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sodium ; blood

Objective To investigate the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder were evaluated based on a questionnaire and related laboratory examinations in 503 CKD stage 3 to 5 patients. Results The awareness rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD was highest in hemodialysis patients,moderate in peritoneal dialysis patients and lowest in non-dialyzed patients (all P ＜0.01).The total scores of the questionnaire were lowest in non-dialyzed patients [6 (5,8)] and were significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis [11 (9,12)] and hemodialysis patients [13 (11,15)] (P＜0.01).The extent of awareness was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.11,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with educational background (r=0.226,P＜0.01),duration of CKD (r=0.597,P＜0.01) and duration of dialysis (r=0.366,P＜0.01).The source of knowledge was mainly from publicity and education made by medical staff,which accounted for 94.0％,79.5％ and 69.4％ respectively in nondialyzed,peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients.The treatment rate was significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis (88.6％) and hemodialysis patients (96.9％) than that in non-dialyzed patients (58.2％) (all P＜0.01).According to K/DOQI guideline,the control rate of serum calcium,phosphorus,calcium and phosphorus product and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were much better in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones.The percentage of number of lab indicators meeting the standard was significantly higher in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones (P＜0.01).According to KDIGO guideline,the control rate of serum phosphorus was significantly lower in hemodialysis patients (23.6％) than that in peritoneal dialysis (36.9％) and non-dialyzed patients (46.7％) (P＜0.01). Conclusions In non-dialyzed patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD,the awareness rate and treatment rate of mineral and bone disorder are relatively low,and the control rate is relatively high.Whereas in dialyzed patients,the awareness rate and treatment rate are relatively high,and the control rate is relatively low.

Isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia animal model has been widely applied to the study of myocardial ischemia and evaluation of drug efficacy. Metabolic profiling of endogenous compounds can make a deep insight into biochemical process of the ISO-induced myocardial ischemia rats. Herein, rats were treated with ISO (2 mg x kg(-1)) for 10 days. After the model was established by measuring myocardial histopathology and plasma creatine kinase, GC/TOF-MS was used to determine endogenous metabolites in plasma and cardiac muscle of rats, and pattern recognition was used to process the data. Results showed that the plasma metabolic profiling of ISO-induced myocardial ischemia rats was significantly different from that of the control, and it had the tendency to the normal state after the discontinue of ISO injection. Besides, the cardiac muscle of rats treated with ISO for 10 days and the normal cardiac muscle could also be separated clearly. The potential biomarkers in plasma and cardiac muscle of model rats had homogeneity and their own specialty. Biochemical metabolic pathway analysis indicated that this myocardial ischemia model was involved in the alternation of energy metabolism, saccharometabolism, lipid metabolism, nucleoside metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and in relationship with oxidative stress. These findings revealed that metabonomics may be a promising tool to evaluate myocardial ischemia rat model induced by ISO and could further extend the study of pharmacodynamic action of drugs at the molecular level.
Animals ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Energy Metabolism ; Isoproterenol ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Myocardial Ischemia ; blood ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

In order to explore the scientific connotation of "Fangzhengduiying (formula corresponding to pattern types)", "Qiyinliangxuzheng (Qi and Yin deficiency pattern)" of myocardial ischemia rat model and GC-TOF/MS based metabonomic method were used for comparing the effects of Sheng-mai injection, Salvia injection and propranolol in the present study. After data processing and pattern recognition, Sheng-mai injection showed better efficacy than the other two drugs in accordance with not only visual observation from PLS-DA scores plots but also the number of abnormal endogenous compounds restored to the normal level. Further studies showed that Sheng-mai injection could normalize the level of plasma endothelin-1, the index related to cardiovascular diseases and sleep disorders, which verified the results of metabonomics. Finally, the regulated metabolites and related metabolic pathways were analyzed, and it was supposed that the effects of Sheng-mai injection involved in the alternation of energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acids metabolism, and so on. These findings provided scientific evidence to Shengmai "Fang" used for "Qi and Yin deficiency pattern" correspondingly, indicating that metabonomics has great potential in traditional Chinese medical research, which provides a novel approach and way to modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Injections ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Myocardial Ischemia ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Propranolol ; pharmacology ; Qi ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salvia ; chemistry ; Schisandraceae ; chemistry ; Yin Deficiency ; metabolism

Objective To learn of the epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in western Anhui Province, and to provide the basis for control and prevention. Methods The pesticide poisoning report cards in western Anhui Province during 2006-2016 were collected from Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the general situation of pesticide poisoning, the distribution of three cases and the types of pesticide poisoning. Results There were totally 2993 cases with pesticide poisoning in western Anhui Province from 2006 to 2016, of which 280 cases (9.36％) were industrial poisoning and 2713 cases (90.64％) were non-industrial poisoning. The average annual incidence rate was 4.63/10000, and showed an increasing trend year by year (P<0.01) . One hundred cases died due to pesticide poisoning, and the fatality rate was 3.34％. Both the industrial and non-industrial poisoning cases were the highest in the third quarter (from July to September), accounting for 78.21％ and 28.86％ respectively. The cases of industrial poisoning were mainly distributed in 45-<55 years old group, and the non-industrial poisoning cases were mainly distributed in 35-<45 years old, accounting for 29.64％ and 20.94％ respectively. The number of cases of industrial poisoning and non-industrial poisoning was 2.33:1 and 1:1.57 respectively. The types of pesticide poisoning involve seven kinds of insecticides, fungicides and rodenticide, and organic phosphorus poisoning was accounted for 30.84％. The highest mortality rate of pesticide poisoning was bisultap (10.93％) . Conclusion The non-industrial pesticide poisoning is the main type in western Anhui Province of pesticide poisoning, and organ phosphorus insecticides are the main types of pesticide poisoning.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of facial nerve schwannomas with facial nerve function House-Brackmann grade ( HB ) ≤ grade Ⅱ. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.We reviewed eight cases of facial nerve schwannomas with facial nerve function HB≤ grade Ⅱ,which were diagnosed and managed between Jan 1996 and March 2011.Results The initial presenting symptoms of the eight patients were not facial paralysis.Eight patients were misdiagnosed and six had mistreatment histry.CT and (or) MRI results in all patients showed that the tumors originated from different part of the facial nerves.All patients received operation.Facial nerves were completely preserved in four patients because of easy separation of the tumors from the facial nerves in surgery,facial function was grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ over 17-180 months' follow-up.The tumors were attached with the facial nerves in two patients with wide extension involving cochlea and labyrinth,therefore the tumors were removed together with the attached facial nerves,and the nerves were repaired by using the greater auricular nerves.Facial function was grade Ⅵ over 56-79 months' follow-up.One patient refused to sacrifice the facial nerve,wide decompression of facial nerve and tumor was undertaken,facial function was gradeⅢ over 8 months' follow-up.One chorda tympani neuroma was removed with the branch of the facial nerve,facial function was grade Ⅱ over 8 months' follow-up.Conclusions The facial nerve schwannomas with facial nerve function HB ≤ grade Ⅱ is difficult to diagnosis.The therapy strategy should depend on the patients'choice,position of the tumor and adherences of the tumor to facial nerve.Facial nerve could be preserved if the tumor is easy to be separated from the facial nerve during operation,if not,total remove the tumor and nerve repairment are indicted when invasion into the inner ear canal,cerebropontine angle,cochlea or labyrinth.If patients refuse to sacrifice the facial nerve,facial nerve decompression and periodic follow-up are recommended.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of direct posterior restoration and screw-rod (plate) internal fixation technique for the treatment of children with congenital atlantoaxial subluxation.Methods Seven children with congenital atlantoaxial subluxation,admitted to our hospital from April 2008 to March 2011, were chosen in our study; and 3 of them were combined with tonsil hernia of cerebellum and 3 with occipitalization. Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scale was used to evaluate the patient's condition. Five patients were treated by internal fixation with occipital bone screw-axis (C2) pedicle screw and 2 were with atlas C1-C2.Articulatio atlantoepistrophica repositioning was performed during the operation. The post-operative improvement degree and therapeutic effect of these patients were assessed based on the JOA scores and imaging. Results All the patients were followed up for 1-15 months (average 3.2 months). The clinical symptoms of all patients improved significantly. The positions of all screws were fine 1 month after operation. Three-dimensional CT showed that occipital/interbody fusions were good in 3 patients.JOA scores after the surgery were 7-16 with an average scores of (12.03±3.58),which were significantly different as compared with those before the surgery ([7.56±3.16], P＜0.05). Conclusion Direct posterior restoration and internal fixation technique is a safe and effective method for the treatment of children with congenital atlantoaxial subluxation.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of MRI balanced steady-state free precession(b SSFP)synergistic voxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging(IVIM-DWI)and Gd-DTPA enhanced scanning for the status of extramural vascular invasion(EMVI)in rectal cancer before surgery.Methods:A total of 105 rectal cancer patients from the People's Hospital of Lujiang County,Anhui Province,were retrospectively selected and included.All patients were confirmed by postoperative pathology and underwent preoperative b SSFP sequences,IVIM-DWI functional imaging,and Gd-DTPA-enhanced multiparameter MRI scans.Three seven-point schemes based on individual b SSFP sequences,IVIM-DWI functional imaging,and Gd-DTPA en-hancement,two-by-two synergy,and multi-sequence combined diagnosis were utilized in con-junction with conventional MRI sequences for preoperative prediction of EMVI status.The diag-nostic efficacy of T2WI and b SSFP sequences was compared with that of postoperative patho-logic results.ROC curves were plotted to obtain the corresponding area under the ROC curve(AUC),specificity,and sensitivity.Results:The AUC for predicting the preoperative vascular status outside the rectal wall was 0.572(95％CI:0.408～0.737)for the conventional T2 lipid sup-pression sequence,with a specificity of 0.811 and a sensitivity of 0.667.The AUC for the b SSPF sequence was 0.817(95％CI:0.680～0.954),with a specificity of 0.900 and a sensitivity of 0.733.All of the statistical parameters were higher than the diagnostic efficacy of conventional T2 lipid suppression sequences.The multi-sequence MRI co-diagnosis had an AUC of 0.961(95％CI:0.886～1.000),with a specificity of 0.988 and a sensitivity of 0.875(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Mag-netic resonance b SSFP sequence synergized with IVIM-DWI and Gd-DTPA-enhanced multipa-rameter scanning has high clinical application value for the preoperative prediction of EMVI inva-sion in rectal cancer.