Background There is no effective preventing way for the posterior capsular opacification(PCO) after cataract surgery.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the preventing effect of adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir(HSV-tk/GCV) system on PCO.Methods Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were divided into BSS+BSS group,BSS+GCV group,HSV-tk+BSS group and HSV-tk+GCV group at random.Phacoemulsification was performed in bilateral eyes of rabbits,and 0.1ml of BSS or adenovirus vector with HSV-tk gene were injected into lens capsular bag during the operation based on the grouping.In 12 hours after operation,0.1ml BSS was injected into the anterior chamber daily for 3 times in BSS+BSS group and HSV-tk+BSS group,and 0.1ml GCV was used in the same way in BSS+GCV group and HSV-tk+GCV group.The situations of the anterior segment and the posterior capsule were examined under the slit lamp postoperatively.All the wet weight of capsular bags was assessed using electronic balance.The capsular membrane was histopathologically examined in the 4th week after injection.PCO was graded according to the method of Couderc.Results Mild corneal edema and aqueous humor opacity were observed in all the eyes within 3 days and returned to normal level gradually within 2 weeks postoperatively.PCO scores were higher in BSS+BSS group,BSS+GCV group,HSV-tk+BSS group than the HSV-tk+GCV group,showing the significant differences between them(H=2.647,P=0.008;H=2.939,P=0.003;H=2.884,P=0.004).No obvious difference was seen in PCO score among BSS+BSS group,BSS+GCV group,HSV-tk+BSS group(P＞0.05).The wet weight of the capsular bags in HSV-tk+GCV group was reduced in comparison with BSS+BSS group,BSS+GCV group,HSV-tk+BSS group with the statistically significant difference between them(q=9.93,q=10.15,q=10.07,P＜0.05).Histopathological examination revealed that mild proliferation of lens epithelial cells(LECs) at the capsular equator and migration toward the posterior capsule to form a thin soemmering ring in the periphery of the capsular bags and thin fibromembrane at the center of the capsular bags without cells or cortices in HSV-tk+GCV group.However,in BSS+BSS group,BSS+GCV group and HSV-tk+BSS group,the proliferation and migration of LECs were more obvious to form a dense soemmering ring in the periphery of the capsular bags and thick fibromembrane in the center of capsular bags.Conclusion Adenovirus-mediated HSV-tk/GCV system can effectively prevent PCO.

Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Ligation ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

AIM: To study effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and cyclosporin A (CsA) on the contents of active oxygens and nitric oxide (NO) in spleens of skin transplanted mice. METHODS: The donor mice BALB/C and receptor mice Cs7BL/6 were tested for skin transplantation. The HBO group mice were,treated with 99.2 % oxygen under 0.25 MPa for 1.5 hours, while CsA group mice were treated with CsA 0.5 rmg· kg- t· d- 1 by abdomen injection. After 14 days, the spleen were extracted the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH - PX), catalase (CAT) and NO synthases (NOS) were determined. RESULTS: (1) Compared with the control group, the transplantation group, HBO group and CsA group have markedly increased the content of MDA and the activities of GSH - PX and CAT; Compared with the transplantation group, the CsA group have markedly increased activity of SOD and reduced activities of GSH - PX and CAT; the HBO group have markedly reduced the activity of GSH - PX and increased the activities of CAT and SOD (P < 0.01 ). (2) Compared with the control group, the transplantation group have markedly increased the content of NO and the activity of NOS; Compared with the transplantation group, the HBO group have markedly increased the activity of NOS and reduced the content of NO ( P < 0.01 ); The content of NO and the activity of NOS in CsA group was not changed significantly. CONCLUSION: In the lymphocytes of the transplantation group, the peroxidation is intensified, and the content of NO and the activity of NOS increased. HBO and CsA may activate the systems of oxidation/antioxidation and NO/NOS in spleen, which may be related to their mechanism of inhibition rejection.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different types of tube feeding on swallowing function of stroke patients. Methods 60 patients with dysphagia post stroke were divided into observation group and control group with 30 cases in each group. The control group received indwelling nasogastric tube feeding, and the observation group received intermittent nasogastric tube feeding. They were assessed with Kubota Water Swallow Test (WST) and VGF on the 1st day and 30th day after admission. Results The scores of drinking test and VGF were better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05) on the 30th day. Conclusion Long-term nasogatric tube feeding is effective on dysphagia in stroke patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangiopericytoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Meningioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To study the effect of topiramate(TPM) on serum level of leptin and the expression of neuropeptide Y(NPY) in arcuate nucleus and their relationship with weight changes in pentetruzole-induced epileptic rats,and to explore the mechanism that TPM could reduce the weight.Methods One hundred and fifteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank control group,TPM contrast group,pentylenetetrazol(PTZ) model group,and TPM group.Weight changes were measured every 3 days.Serum leptin level was detected with rodioimmunity method and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus NPY expression was measured by immunohistochemical ABC technique at the 2~(nd),4~(th),6~(th) weekend,respectively.Results In TPM control group and TPM group weight loss appeared in the 4~(th) week compared with other groups at the 3~(rd) weekend and fell to the lowest at 4~(th) weekend(P

OBJECTIVETo study the blood pressure (BP) changes in the liver transplant recipients.

METHODSA total of 206 patients without preoperation hypertension received liver transplantation in our hospital from February 2001 to July 2005. The BP level and serum immunosuppressant concentration at preoperation and various time points post operation were determined.

RESULTSCompared with the preoperation, the average systolic and diastolic pressure was significantly increased at the 2 week, 1, 2, 4 and 6 months post operation. The mobility of hypertension increased significantly after liver transplantation, with the highest mobility (46.49%) at the 1st month post operation. There was no linear correlation between the immunosuppressant (FK506) concentration and the BP level at any time point.

CONCLUSIONThere was a high hypertension incidence after liver transplantation. Although the use of immunosuppressive drugs accompanied with the BP increase, there was no linear correlation between the immunosuppressant concentration and the BP level post operation.

Blood Pressure ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; etiology ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; adverse effects ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness and safety on post-stroke dysphagia in chronic stage treated with magnetic-ball sticking therapy at the auricular points.

METHODSNinety cases of post-apoplexy dysphagia in chronic stage were randomized into an auricular points group and an acupuncture group. In the auricular points group, the magnetic-ball sticking therapy was applied to subcortex (pizhixia, AT4), brainstem (naogan, AT(3,4i)), mouth (kou, CO1), cheek (mianjia, LO(5,6i)), tongue (she, LO2) and throat (yanhou, TG3) on one ear each time, and were changed on the other ear once every 3 days. In the acupucnture group, acupuncture was applied to Feng-chi (GB 20), Yifeng (TE 17), Shanglianquan (Extra), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Shuigou (GV 26) and Tongli (TH 5), etc. The needles were retained for 30 min in each treatment. The treatment was gi-yen once a day in the two groups and the treatment of 6 days made one session. There was 1 day at an interval among the sessions. Totally, 3 sessions of treatment were required. The video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) was performed for 4 kinds of food with different properties and shapes in each patient. The main indices were Rosenbek penetration-aspiration score, oral-retaining score and throat-retaining score. The efficacy, and the incidences of aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition were compared between the two groups. The nutrition indices were compared before and after treatment between the two groups, such as the skinfold thickness of triceps brachii muscle, serum albumin and peralbumin.

RESULTSIn 21 days of treatment, in the auricular points group, the 1 mL liquid loversol Rosenbek penetration-aspiration score (1.51 +/- 0.69), oral-retaining score (1.17 +/- 0.38) and throat-retaining score (1.30 +/- 0.66) were all lower than those (2.51 +/- 0.67, 1.63 +/- 0.72, 1.67 +/- 0.7) in the acupuncture group separately. The 10 mL liquid loversol Rosenbek penetration-aspiration score (2.27 +/- 0.65), oral-retaining score (1.60 +/- 0.50) and throat-retaining score (1.49 +/- 0.51) were all lower than those (4.19 +/- 0.73, 2.30 +/- 0.51, 2.41 +/- 0.50) in the acupuncture group separately. The 10 mL paste loversol Rosenbek penetration-aspiration score (1.68 +/- 0.81), oral-retaining score (1.11 +/- 0.31) and throat-retaining score (1.10 +/- 0.31) were all lower than those (3.91 +/- 0.68, 1.63 +/- 0.76, 1.60 +/- 0.76) in the acupuncture group separately. The 1/4 cake-form loversol Rosenbek penetration-aspiration score (2.60 +/- 0.65), oral-retaining score (1.40 +/- 0.50) and throat-retaining score (1.74 +/- 0.49) were all lower than those (4.14 +/- 1.10, 2.40 +/- 0.73, 2.30 +/- 0.83) in the acupuncture group separately. The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was 14.9% (7/47) in the auricular points group, which was lower than 55.0% (22/40) in the acupuncture group (P < 0.01). The incidence of malnutrition was 8. 5% (4/47) in the auricular points group, which was lower than 50.0% (20/40) in the acupuncture group (P < 0.01). In 21 days of treatment, the results of the skinfold thickness of triceps brachii muscle and serum albumin in the auricular points group were better than those in the acupuncture group (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe magnetic-ball sticking therapy at auricular points achieves the definite efficacy on post-stoke dysphagia in chronic stage and decreases the incidences of aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition. The efficacy of this therapy is better than acupuncture.

Acupuncture, Ear ; instrumentation ; Aged ; Deglutition Disorders ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetics ; instrumentation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term high-fat diet on insulin resistance and the morphology and function of islets in rats and the relationship between them.Methods Thirty normal male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were divided into two groups and fed either with normal chow (NC,n=15),or high-caloric and high-fat diet (HF,n=15).Insulin resistance was assessed by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique. The insulin secretory function of islets was evaluated by intravenous insulin releasing test.Morphological and quantitative analysis of pancreatic tissues was performed by double-label insulin and glucagon immunohistochemistry.Proinsulin mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The glucose infusion rate (GIR) in HF rats was significandy lower than that in NC rats [(5.83?0.79)mg?kg~(-1)?min~(-1) vs (7.60?1.29)mg?kg~(-1)?min~(-1),P＜0.05].Immunohistochemistry showed that HF rats had larger islet size [(15168?1327)?m~2 vs (6264?1840)?m~2,P＜0.01] and significantly reduced insulin relative concentration of?cells[(-5.15?0.03) vs (-4.81?0.17),P＜0.01],as compared with NC rats.The islet relative?cell volume was decreased signifieandy (P＜0.01),whereas the relative?cell volume was increased (P＜0.01).So the ratio of?to?were lower in HF [(4.68?1.01) vs (11.84?3.82),P＜0.05].The peak of insulin secretion in intravenous insulin releasing test in HF was at 10 min,whereas that in NC rats was at 5 min.AUC (area under curve) 10-60 rain of insulin in HF was higher than that in NC rats [(152.51?34.53)mIU?L~(-1)?min~(-1) vs (86.40?21.21) mIU?L~(-1)?min~(-1),P＜0.01].There was no difference in proinsulin mRNA levels between two groups. Conclusion Long-term high-caloric and high-fat diet results in early impairment of islet morphology and function, as well as significant insulin resistance,suggesting that the compensation ability of islets has already been impaired in the early course of type 2 diabetes mellitus.