Air Pollutants, Occupational ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dust ; analysis ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Silicon ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Silicosis ; epidemiology ; United States ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the morphological characteristics of alveolar bone defects of the patients with chronic periodontitis using cone-beam CT (CBCT).

METHODSSixty patients with chronic periodontitis were included in this study. CBCT was used to scan the alveolar bone and NNT software to measure the alveolar bone defects and bone loss types in different regions.

RESULTSSeventy-five percent (45/60) of the alveolar bone defect was the generalized type, 25% (15/60) was the localized type. In incisor and canine area, the defect of the mandibular alveolar bone was more severe than in the same sites of maxilla. There was less bone loss in the premolar area of mandible than in the same site of maxilla. In the mesial and buccal sites of mandibular molars and in the lingual site of maxillary molars, the most severe alveolar bone loss was found.

CONCLUSIONSThe obvious alveolar bone defect areas in chronic periodontitis were the palatal side of maxillary molars and the lingual side of mandibular incisors. CBCT can clearly demonstrate the degree of alveolar bone defects in different regions of chronic periodontitis.

Adult ; Alveolar Bone Loss ; diagnostic imaging ; Chronic Periodontitis ; diagnostic imaging ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Acute Disease ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Puerariae Lobatae Radix, also known as Gegen, is a root derived from Pueraria lobata. Based on field investigation and the developmental anatomy of root tuber, we have elucidated the relationship between the growth of root tuber and the anomalous structure. The results of analysis showed that the root system of P. lobata was developed from seed and adventitious root and there existed root tuber, adventitious root and conductive root according to morphology and function. The root tuber was developed from adventitious root, its secondary structure conformed to the secondary structure of dicotyledon's root. With the development of root, the secondary phloem of root tuber appeared abnormal vascular tissue, which was distributed like ring in the outside of secondary vascular tissue. The root tuber might have 4-6 concentric circular permutation abnormal vascular tissuelobate, and was formed by the internal development of abnormal vascular tissue. The xylem and phloem of abnormal vascular tissue were the main body of the root tuber. The results reveal the abnormal anatomical structure development of P. lobata, also provides the theoretical basis for reasonable harvest medicinal parts and promoting sustainable utilization of resources of P. lobata.
Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Plant Tubers ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Pueraria ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of skin wound induction gel on the glans scabbing rate, class-A wound healing rate, and wound healing time of circumcision for phimosis in pediatric patients.

METHODSWe randomly assigned 48 six to thirteen years old children with phimosis to an experimental group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 23) to be treated by circumcision. After surgery, the patients in the experimental group received application of skin wound induction gel while those in the control group received that of povidone iodine only to the glans and incision. We recorded and compared the glans scabbing rate, class-A wound healing rate, and wound healing time between the two groups of patients.

RESULTSGlans scabbing was observed in 3 cases in the experimental group and 17 cases in the control group (12.0% vs 73.9%, P < 0.01). No statistically significant differences were found in the rate of class-A wound healing between the two groups (100% vs 91.3%, P > 0.05). The wound healing time was significantly shorter in the experimental than in the control group ([10.7 ± 1.7] d vs [11.9 ± 2.1] d, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPost-circumcision application of skin wound induction gel to the glans and incision can effectively reduce glans secreta, alleviate inflammatory reaction, and shorten the healing time in the treatment of phimosis in children.

Adolescent ; Child ; Circumcision, Male ; Gels ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; methods ; Inflammation ; prevention & control ; Male ; Phimosis ; drug therapy ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

Objective: To explore the expression level of protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit α1 (PRKAA1) in placental tissues of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women, and the influence of high glucose (HG) on PRKAA1 expression and proliferation viability of trophoblast cells in vitro. Methods: The placental samples of GDM women (n=19) and normal pregnant women (n=20) of the corresponding period were collected. Real-time qPCR and Western blotting assay were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of PRKAA1 in these biopsies, respectively. Trophoblast cells were treated by HG in vitro and then expression level of PRKAA1 was tested. CCK8 assay was used to detect proliferation viability of the cells treated by HG medium or inhibitor of PRKAA1, dorsomorphin. Results: Comparing to normal pregnant women, both mRNA and protein levels of PRKAA1 in placental tissues of GDM women significantly decreased (both P<0.05). HG treatment drastically downregulated expression of PRKAA1 in trophoblast cells in vitro (P<0.05). Both HG medium and dorsomorphin suppressed proliferation viability of trophoblast cells (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Expression level of PRKAA1 is dampened in placental tissues of GDM women. HG suppresses proliferation viability of trophoblast cells probably via downregulating PRKAA1 level in vitro.

As an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), mineral medicine plays an irreplaceable role. However, little has been reported on its species and valence state of heavy metals and deleterious elements, and also the relevance to pharmacological effect and toxicology. The present paper, in a new perspective, summarized the determination of the species and valence state of heavy metals and deleterious elements in recent years, discussed the progress of the pharmacological effect and toxicology, and prospected for future study which might provide reference for mineral medicine.
Animals ; Drug Contamination ; statistics & numerical data ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; toxicity ; Minerals ; analysis ; pharmacology

AIM:To observe the effect of simvastatin on myocardial tissue after renal ischemia-reperfusion in-jury and its mechanism .METHODS:A rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury was prepared by clamping the bilat-eral renal arteries for 45 min.The rats (n=36) were randomly divided into sham operation group , renal ischemia-reperfu-sion (I/R) group and simvastatin group with 12 rats in each group.The content of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea ni-trogen ( BUN) and myocardial tissue malondialdehyde ( MDA) , the myocardial activity of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) , creatine kinase (CK) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the myocardial protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were de-tected.RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group , the content of SCr , BUN and myocardial MDA , and the myo-cardial activity of LDH and CK in I/R group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the activity of SOD was signifi-cantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with I/R group, the content of SCr, BUN and myocardial MDA, and the myocar-dial activity of LDH and CK in simvastatin group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05 ) , while SOD activity was en-hanced (P<0.05).The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in sham operation group was less than that in I/R group (P<0.05), and the protein level of Bax in simvastatin group was significantly lower than that in I /R group (P<0.05), while the protein level of Bcl-2 was increased (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Simvastatin has a protective effect on the my-ocardium of the rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury , and the protective mechanism may be related to the elimination of free radicals by simvastatin , increase in the protein expression of Bcl-2 and decrease in the protein expression of Bax .

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of the DNA repair gene ERCC2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 on male idiopathic infertility in Ningxia, China.

METHODSUsing MassArray, we conducted a case-control study and genotyped three ERCC2 SNPs rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 for 351 males (aged 31.0 +/- 4.2 years) with idiopathic infertility and another 327 normal fertile men (aged 33.0 +/- 5.9 years) as controls.

RESULTSThe ERCC2 AnyG-anyA-anyA genotypes were significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic infertility (OR 0.414, 95% CI 0.176 - 0.970), while the three single ERCC2 SNPs rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 showed no significant differences between the cases and controls (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe ERCC2 SNPs rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 play a role of interaction in male idiopathic infertility in Ningxia, contributing to the risk of the disease.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; DNA Repair ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein ; genetics

Objective To study the correlation between level of nitric oxide/ nitricoxide synthase(NO/NOS) on placenta homogenate and ultra-structure changes of placenta in pregnancy lead exposure in rats.Methods Seventeen normal pregnant rats and 46 rats of exposured in lead which were divided into A,B,C groups were studied.The level of NO/NOS of placenta were measured by nitrate reductase and NOS kit.Placentas were randomly selected from each group to detect ultra-structure by electron-microscope.Results There were significant difference among A,B and control groups on level of NO/NOS(all P0.05).Compensation hyperplasy or minor injury were observed in lead exposure of stage groups.Lead exposure during whole gestation period,the lead level was maxmum,and decompensation were observed on placental construction.Conclusions There is a close correlations between level of lead,NO/NOS and pathological change of placental tissue,and both of them may play an important role in the pathogenesis of peripartum lead exposure.