Child ; Cystitis ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Male

AIM: To evaluate the effects of glycemic control on refraction in diabetic patients. METHODS: Twenty newly diagnosed diabetic patients were included in this study. The random blood glucose, HbA1c levels, fasting C-peptide and postprandial 2h C-peptide were measured before treatment. The patients with random blood glucose higher than 12.0mmol/L and HbA1c level higher than 10.0% were selected. Refraction, intraocular pressure, radius of the anterior corneal curvature, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length were measured on admission and at the end of week 1, 2, 3 and 4 during glycemic control.RESULTS: A transient hyperopic change occurred in all the patients receiving glycemic control. The maximum hyperopic change was 1.60D (range 0.50±3.20D). Recovery of the previous refraction occurred between two and four weeks after insulin treatment. There was a positive correlation between the maximum hyperopic changes and the HbA1c levels on admission (r=0.84, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the maximum hyperopic changes and the daily rate of blood glucose reduction over the first 7 days of the treatment (r=0.53, P<0.05). During transient hyperopia, no significant changes were observed in the intraocular pressure, radius of the anterior corneal curvature, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, vitreous length and axial length.CONCLUSION: Transient hyperopic changes occur after glycemic control in diabetic patients with severe hyperglycemia. The degrees of transient hyperopia are highly dependent on HbA1c levels before treatment and the rate of reduction of the blood glucose level.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dust ; analysis ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Silicon ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Silicosis ; epidemiology ; United States ; epidemiology

Objective To identify the pathogen of an influenza epidemic situation and analyze the genetic characteristic of hemagglutinin( HA ) gene and neuraminidase(NA) gene of this pathogen. Methods Real-time RT-PCR was used to dectect nucleic acid of the pandemic( H1N1 ) 2009 virus from oropharyngeal swabs of initial influenza-like illness in epidemic. The viruses were was inoculated and isolated with embryonated eggs. And the HA gene and NA gene were sequenced to analyze their characteristic. Results The influenza epidemic situation was caused by the pandemic( H1N1 ) 2009 virus. The HA and NA sequences data showed that the virus had the high homology with reference virus, and the NA sequences had not the H274Y mutation. Conclusion In this study, the pandemic( H1N1 ) 2009 virus were similar with the vaccine-like virus and the isolated virus of China, and sensitive to oseltamivir.

Objective:To determine the valproate concentration in plasma of epilepsy patients by HPLC, and compare with the re-sults of chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay ( CMIA) to evaluate the consistency of the two methods. Methods:HPLC and CMIA was respectively applied to determine the plasma concentration of valproate in 230 epileptic patients. The correlation of the two methods was studied by Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman method. Results:The regression equation of the determination re-sults of HPLC (Y) and CMIA (X) was Y=1. 069 7X+2. 338 2 (R2 =0. 969, n=230), which showed promising correlation. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the consistency of the two methods was poor, and the values of HPLC were higher. Conclusion: HPLC and CMIA used for the determination of valproate plasma concentration show good correlation. However, the consistency is poor and there is system error. In the clinical treatment, adjustment and choice should be paid more attention.

Objective To observe the effects of infrasound(IS)of different frequencies and intensities on the pathological morphology of the gastric mucosa(GM)in rats.Methods One hundred and forty male Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into a control group(group A),an 8 Hz 90 dB group(group B),an 8 Hz 130 dB group(group C)and a 16 Hz 130 dB group(group D).IS with these frequencies and intensities was administered daily for 2 h to all groups except group A,which received sham infrasound.The other 70 rats were ran- domly and evenly divided into a second control group(group E)and an exposure group(group F),in which the rats were continuously stimulated by IS at 8 Hz and 130 dB for 2 h a day for 14 d.The pathological morphology of the GM in each group was observed at 1 d,7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d after IS exposure.Results①Compared with group A,GM lesion scores were significantly increased in groups B,C and D at 1 d,7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d(P＜0.01),but not in group B at 1 d.②Compared with group B,the GM lesion scores in group C were obviously in- creased at 1 d,7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d,while scores were also obviously improved in group C in comparison with those in group D at 14 d,21 d and 28 d(P＜0.01).③The GM lesion scores in group F decreased gradually after IS,but were still higher than those in group E at 1 d,7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d after IS.④The ultrastructures of the chondrosome and endocytoplasmic reticulum in GM cells were deformed after 8 Hz and 16 Hz IS.Conclusion 8 Hz 90 dB,8 Hz 130 dB and 16 Hz 130 dB IS can all result in GM damage in rats.The injury severity was closely related to the frequency,intensity and duration of the IS.Rats can adapt to IS after several exposures,and the damage tends to recover automatically.

The seeds of Rabdosia rubescens were as the materials to research the impacts of different lead (Pb2+) concentrations(0, 135, 270, 540, 1 080 mg x L(-1)) on seed germination and seedling growth. The results show that: Low concentration of lead had no obvious effect on early germination of the seed, the germination vigor and germination speed were lightly higher but not significantly differed at the level of Pb concentration 135 mg x L(-1) with control group; Mid-high concentration of Pb solution (270-1 080 mg x L(-1)) significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth, which reduced the seed germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, embryo root length and shoot length, growth index with increasing of Pb concentrations. There was a inhibitory effect on embryo shoot length and root length at mid-high lead concentrations stress, and stronger inhibitory effect on root , which was more sensitive than shoot to Pb stress(P < 0.05). Pb bioaccumulation coefficient (BC) was 0.76-2.59, increased with concentration of Pb; Pb enrichment in seedling mainly caused the growth inhibition. The fitting model predictive analyses show, the critical concentration of Pb, which causes the germination rate and biomass fresh weight reducing 10%, is 195.18, 101.65 mg x L(-1).
Germination ; drug effects ; Isodon ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Lead ; toxicity ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development ; Stress, Physiological

Objective To establish an universal primer-multiplex PCR system for diagnosis of Y chromosome AZF region microdeletions in 262 patients with non-obstructive azoospermic and severe oligozoospermic male infertility. Methods In each panel of multiplex PCR, YUP and YCP containing a fragment of non-human DNA sequence at their 5' ends were designed. The universal primers and chimiric primers were employed for the amplification at the same multiplex PCR system to screen for the Y chromosome AZF region ( a, b and c) microdeletions in 262 non-obstructive azoospermic and severe oligozoospermic male infertility patients. Results Thirty-three out of 262 patients (12. 60% ) were detected with Y chromosome AZF microdeletions. Among them, 27 cases were AZF c microdeletions and 6 ones were AZF b + c microdeletions. These results were in agreement with the results from EMQN method. There was no false-positivity. The gel electrophoresis for detection of multiple STS from both methods showed that the sY84,sY86, sY127, sY134, sY254, sY255, SRY bands were homogeneous and clear with similar brightness. Conclusion The modified multiplex PCR is suitable for screening of Y chromosome AZF microdeletions in non-obstructive azoospermic and severe digozoospermic male infertility patients.

Objective To identify the pathogen of an acute epidemic gastroenteritis outbreak in newborn room. Methods Forty five samples were collected from 38 newborn patients at the peak of a diarrhea outbreak, which happened in a newborn room in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during December 2008 to February 2009. The presence of rotavirus antigen, Adeno-like virus antigen and Astrovirus antigen were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence of Astrovirus RNA were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with universal primer of Astrovirus. Thirteen samples positive for Astrovirus nucleic acid were analyzed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree. Four samples positive for both Astrovirus antigen and Astrovirus nucleic acid were observed by immune electron microscopy. Results Both rotavirus antigen and Adeno-like virus antigen were negative in 45 faecal samples. Thirty samples were positive for Astrovirus antigen when checked by ELISA, which resulted in a positive rate of 66.7%. Thirty-one samples were positive for Astrovirus RNA when check by RT-PCR, which resulted in a positive rate of 68.9%. The genotype results confirmed all patients were infected with genotype 1 Astrovirus. The gene sequences of thirteen samples were compared with reference strains of Astrovirus type 1 in GeneBank and the homology rate of nucleotide sequence was 90.9 %- 96.3 %. The homology rate of intra these thirteen sample was 94.7%-100.0%. Four positive samples were randomly selected and observed by immune electron microscopy and a large amount of Astrovirus particles were found in two of these samples. Conclusion Genotype 1 Astrovirus is the pathogen of this diarrhea outbreak in newborn.

OBJECTIVETo analyze effects of fracture of processus styloideus ulnae on prognosis in the treatment of distal radial fracture of type C according to AO classification.

METHODSThis was a retrospective case-control study, and the information was got ten through case evaluation and follow-up, including sex, age, patient satisfaction, Gartland & Werley score and radiographic score. There were 76 patient treated with open reduction and plate fixation in People's Hospital Affiliated to Peking University from July 2006 to July 2011. All the patients were divided into two groups: no combination with fracture of processus styloideus ulnae (group A, 56 cases), combination with fracture of processus styloideus ulnae (group B, 20 cases). The patients in group A and B were treated with open reduction and internal fixation; however the fracture of processus styloideus ulnae was not fixed. The indexes such as clinical data, bone grafting, joint movement, Gartland & Werley score and radiographic score were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe ulnaris pain of patients in group B was more obvious than that in group A. The local VAS, palmar and dorsal flexion degree of wrist joint, motion VAS, patients satisfaction score, radial and ulnar deviation degree, pronation and supination of forearm degree, Gartland & Werley score and radiographic score were separately 0.1 ± 0.1, (51.1 ± 1.9)°, (60.2 ± 1.9)°, 0.6 ± 0.1 (23.1 ± 0.9)°, (28.7 ± 1.3)° (81.5 ± 2.6)°, (68.2 ± 2.7)° 1.9 ± 0.3, 89.6 ± 12.3 in group A; and separately 0.3 ± 0.3, (51.4 ± 2.3)°, (66.6 ± 1.7)°, 0.5 ± 0.2, (24.5 ± 2.0)°, (26.9 ± 1.8)°, (80.3 ± 2.5)°, (70.3 ± 3.7)°, 1.2 ± 0.4, 92.5 ± 7.5 in group B; there were no statistical differences in above indexes between two groups.

CONCLUSIONWhether the distal radial fracture with a concomitant unrepaired ulnar styloid fracture or not exerts no influence on mainly outcomes including function, radiography and motion of the wrist.

Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Radius Fractures ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulna Fractures ; surgery