OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability of immune-related response criteria (irRC) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSTotally 97 stage III a-IV NSCLC patients were predominantly treated with comprehensive CM. Curative effects were evaluated by three methods such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), Oncologic Curative Effect Evaluation Criteria of Chinese Medicine in Solid Tumor (draft, abbreviated as CM criteria), and irRC. The correspondency and consistency between irRC, RECIST and CM criteria were analyzed and compared. The objectivity of irRC in evaluating curative effect of Chinese medical treatment for NSCLC was assessed.

RESULTSThe correspondency rate of irRC to RECIST was 59. 79% with Kappa value of 0. 379 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had certain correspondence, but with an unsatisfactory consistency. The correspondency rate of irRC to CM criteria rate was 83. 51% with Kappa value of 0.751 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had good correspondence and consistency.

CONCLUSIONSCM criteria had good consistency with CM criteria in evaluating curative effect for Chinese medical treatment of advanced NSCLC. Its results could objectively reflect features and advantages of CM for treating advanced NSCLC.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Treatment Outcome

Background Oxidative stress is thought to be responsible to diabetes-complicated cataract.Our previous study demonstrated that as an iron chelator,deferiprone can protect lens from oxidative damage.Objective This further study aimed to investigate the role of deferiprone on the formation of diabetic-complicated cataract.Methods Forty 6-week-old Wistar rats were included in the study and randomized into 4 groups.Eight of them were used as the normal control group.Diabetes mellitus animal models were established in 22 rats by the carbonhydratediet and fat diet and the intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozocin (STZ).The deferiprone of 50 mg and 100 mg were intragastrically given in 8 model rats respectively after 3 days once a day for 8 weeks.The opacification of lenses was examined under the slit lamp weekly after treatment.The animals were sacrificed and the lenses were obtained at the eighth week of deferiprone injection.The concentrations of water-soluble protein ( WSP),urine-soluble protein (USP) and alkali-soluble protein (ASP) in rat lens suspension were detected by Bradford method.The super oxide dimutese (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were determined spectrometically using xanthine oxidase,thiobarbituric acid,dithio bis-nitrobenzoic acid.Results No evidently differences were found in the content of the WSP,USP and ASP among the these groups( F=1.73,0.18,0.09,P＞0.05).The contents of MDA in 50 mg deferiprone group and 100 mg deferiprone group were ( 1.05 ± 0.10 ) mmol/g and ( 1.05 ± 0.22 ) mmol/g respectively,showing a significant decline in comparison with diabetic model group (P＜0.05).The SOD and GSH contents in lens were (321.29±16.57) U/mg,(322.07±22.16) U/mg and (7.83±0.65 ) mg/g,(7.70±0.77 ) mg/g respectively in 50 mg deferiprone group and 100 mg deferiprone group and were considerably elevated in comparison with ( 298.70± 14.69 ) U/mg and ( 5.47 ± 1.01 ) mg/g of diabetic model groups ( P＜0.05 ).No significant differences were found in the indexes mentioned above between 50 mg and 100 mg deferiprone groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions Deferiprone can reduce oxidative stress and improve the energy metabolism of the lens in diabetic rats.

The design principles of a noninvasive ventilator's turbine are studied and discussed in this paper. The design is completed from its several aspects and in combination of related theories, using SolidWorks tools. Abundant experimental results prove that this design's technical specifications meet all the requirements.
Equipment Design ; Respiration, Artificial ; instrumentation ; methods ; Ventilators, Mechanical

OBJECTIVENosocomial infections (NIs) have become a matter of major concern in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The objectives of this study were to investigate the incidence of nosocomial infections of newborn infants in NICU and to explore the risk factors and strategies of infection control.

METHODSThe study enrolled 638 hospitalized newborn infants from Apr 2003 to Dec 2004. The clinical data, such as the clinical manifestation, the condition of colonized bacteria, were collected and analyzed by using SPSS software.

RESULTThere were 88 times of nosocomial infections in 74 newborn infants. The overall incidence of nosocomial infections was 11.6%. The mean duration from admission to first episode of NI was 7.98 +/- 4.58 days. The incidence density was 14.9 per 1000 NICU patient-days. Catheter-correlated hematogenous infection rate was 18 per 1000 umbilical or central line-days; the ventilator-associated nosocomial pneumonia rate was 63.3 per 1000 ventilator days. The smaller the gestational age and the lower the birth weight, the higher the incidences of nosocomial infection. The duration of hospitalization was longer in these infected infants than those non-infected infants. Univariate analysis indicated that gestational age < or = 32 W, the parenteral nutrition, birth weight < or = 1500 g and mechanical ventilation, apnea, small for gestational age infant, central venous catheter (P < 0.05) were risk factors for NIs. Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent risk factions: the parenteral nutrition ([OR] = 7.185 [95% CI, 3.399 - 15.188]), birth weight < or = 1500 g ([OR] = 3.310 [95% CI, 1.100 - 9.963]) and mechanical ventilation ([OR] = 2.527 [95% CI, 1.092 - 5.850]). The most common infection was pneumonia (45.4%). The mortality rate of nosocomial infections was 4.1%. Bacterial surveillance was examined by nasopharyngeal and rectal swab culture immediately on hospital admission and then once a week. The incidence rate of NIs was 24.8% in patients whose nasopharyngeal and rectal swab culture indicated bacterial colonization, and 1.9% in patients without bacterial colonization (chi(2) = 79.7, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONIt is important to identify the high risk factors for nosocomial infections in newborn infants in NICU. Reducing the duration of the parenteral nutrition and the virulence manipulation as far as possible and getting the message of individual bacterial colonization in NICU may be conducive to decrease of the incidence of nosocomial infections and provide reference for rational clinical drug administration.

Birth Weight ; immunology ; physiology ; Catheterization ; adverse effects ; Child ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infection Control ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Parenteral Nutrition ; nursing ; Pneumonia ; epidemiology ; Respiration, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), because of its good targeting, minimal invasion, and safety, is becoming a very active area in cancer prevention and treatment, in which the photosensitizers have proved to be the core element for PDT. We developed a new HPLC method for analyzing porphyrin photosensitizers using Shiseido Capcell PAK C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) as the column at 30 °C, methanol-1% aqueous solution of acetic acid as the mobile phase in a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1) in a gradient elution mode, and the detection wavelength at 380 nm. This method, showing good specificity, precision, accuracy and robusty via methodology validations, can be applied to the purity test and assay of porphyrin photosensitizers, and has played a key guide role in the R&D of the new porphyrin photosensitizer--sinoporphyrin sodium.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Photochemotherapy ; Photosensitizing Agents ; chemistry ; Porphyrins ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanical virtual reality when acupuncture on Jianliao (TE 14) so as to get perform perceptual knowledge of acupuncture for beginners through studying 3D reconstruction of surrounding tissues of this acupoint.

METHODSRelated tissues were segmented and reconstructed by establishing mathematics model based on the operational platform of VOXEL-MAN (vision reappearance); and mechanical model was constructed and fused with related data of virtual human (touch reappearance); data communication between the force feedback apparatus and the operational platform of virtual human were set up by interchanging vision reappearance module and touch reappearance module.

RESULTSIn Linux system, the operator could experience the mechanical changes while needle-tip passing various tissues of Jianliao (TE 14) as well as lifting and thrusting evenly in needling process through the force feedback apparatus.

CONCLUSIONBased on the platform of VOXEL-MAN, the sensation of needling at jianliao (TE 14) could be reappeared idealy by strength feedback instrument, so that the beginners could imitate, learn and practice the virtual acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Therapy, Computer-Assisted ; User-Computer Interface

Based on the principle of non-covalent interactions between oligopeptides and paclitaxel for improving the solubility of paclitaxel, an oligopeptide, N terminal-W(L)-FFGREKD-C terminal (W8), was designed and the solubilization effect of W8 on paclitaxel was detected through experiments. The binding efficiency and the possible optimal conformation were optimized by molecular docking program. The solubilization effect of W8 on paclitaxel was determined by RP-HPLC. And the solubilization mechanism of oligopeptide to paclitaxel was proposed at molecular level. It was indicated from the docking result that there existed pi-pi interactions and several hydrogen-bond interactions between the oligopeptide and paclitaxel. After being solubilized by the oligopeptide, the aqueous solubility of paclitaxel was increased to 28 times. This study provided basis for further research of the solubilization of paclitaxel by oligopeptide and confirmed a novel approach for the design of safe oligopeptide solubilizing excipient.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Oligopeptides ; chemistry ; Paclitaxel ; chemistry ; Protein Binding ; Solubility ; Temperature

Adult ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

This paper discusses the application of virtual reality technology in the 3-D visible human body and acupuncture research. Based on the 3-D visible human fused with the localization information and hierarchy of acupoints, the paper analyzes the force against the needle and haptic rendering during the needle manipulation according to the physical properties of different tissues. A haptic model is constructed to demonstrate the force behaviors during acupuncture, and the force will be produced and passed to the manipulator by a force feedback device. It enriches the contents of 3-D visible human project, provides a dynamic simulation instrument for acupuncture teaching, and supplies a platform for acupuncture research.
Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; China ; Computer Simulation ; Feedback ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; User-Computer Interface ; Visible Human Projects

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endotoxemia ; etiology ; Endotoxins ; blood ; Gastrointestinal Hormones ; blood ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; physiology ; Intestine, Small ; physiopathology ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Failure, Acute ; blood ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Rats ; Thioacetamide ; administration & dosage