ObjectiveTo survey the social support to students in university.Methods400 college students of grade 2004 from 4 different colleges in Ningbo were tested with the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results and ConclusionThere were no significant differences among students from Ningbo and students from the other regions.Students from different level colleges had different scores in utilization of support,students from the third level college had the highest scores while students from the forth level had the lowest scores.College students from countries scored higher than students from cities in subjective support,but there were no significant differences in objective support and the utilization of support.Female students had higher scores in subjective support and utilization of support than males while had no significant differences in objective support.Students with different majors had no significant differences in objective support and utilization of support,while concerning subjective support,students from management departments had the highest scores,students from arts departments had the lowest scores.In case of emergency,college students mainly received economic support and mental support from their families,friends and classmates while received less support from various organizations both of colleges and society.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between family cohesion, family adaptability and perceived social support.Methods400 college students of grade 2004 from 4 different colleges of Ningbo were tested with the FACESⅡ-CV and perceived social support scale. Results and ConclusionFamily cohesion and adaptability significantly positively correlated with perceived family support and social support. There was no significant correlation between perceived family support and dissatisfaction with family cohesion, while perceived family support significantly negatively correlated with family adaptability. In family adaptability, dissatisfaction with family cohesion and family adaptability, there were significant differences among students from different level colleges. In perceived family support, there were no significant differences among students from different college. In family cohesion, female students scored higher than male, but showed no significant differences in family adaptability. In perceived family support and social support, female students had higher scores than male were. In family cohesion and perceived family support, fathers' education background but not mothers' had significant main effect. In family cohesion, family adaptability and perceived family and social support, there were no significant differences between students from cities or countries.

Objective To identify the pathogen of an influenza epidemic situation and analyze the genetic characteristic of hemagglutinin( HA ) gene and neuraminidase(NA) gene of this pathogen. Methods Real-time RT-PCR was used to dectect nucleic acid of the pandemic( H1N1 ) 2009 virus from oropharyngeal swabs of initial influenza-like illness in epidemic. The viruses were was inoculated and isolated with embryonated eggs. And the HA gene and NA gene were sequenced to analyze their characteristic. Results The influenza epidemic situation was caused by the pandemic( H1N1 ) 2009 virus. The HA and NA sequences data showed that the virus had the high homology with reference virus, and the NA sequences had not the H274Y mutation. Conclusion In this study, the pandemic( H1N1 ) 2009 virus were similar with the vaccine-like virus and the isolated virus of China, and sensitive to oseltamivir.

Administration, Topical ; Adult ; Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Pruritus ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Renal Dialysis ; adverse effects ; Renal Insufficiency ; therapy

Objective:To determine the valproate concentration in plasma of epilepsy patients by HPLC, and compare with the re-sults of chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay ( CMIA) to evaluate the consistency of the two methods. Methods:HPLC and CMIA was respectively applied to determine the plasma concentration of valproate in 230 epileptic patients. The correlation of the two methods was studied by Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman method. Results:The regression equation of the determination re-sults of HPLC (Y) and CMIA (X) was Y=1. 069 7X+2. 338 2 (R2 =0. 969, n=230), which showed promising correlation. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the consistency of the two methods was poor, and the values of HPLC were higher. Conclusion: HPLC and CMIA used for the determination of valproate plasma concentration show good correlation. However, the consistency is poor and there is system error. In the clinical treatment, adjustment and choice should be paid more attention.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mental health of freshmen of university.MethodsSymptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to self evaluate 7763 freshmen of university in Ningbo.Results and ConclusionThe overall level of the mental health of this group was higher than that of the Chinese module, and the prevalence of psychological symptoms was 13.2%. The average level of mental health of female were inferior to male. The difference between the students from cities or towns and from the countryside were distinct. Students who were satisfied with their majority get noticeably higher average score than the ones who were not satisfied.

In this paper, the process performance indexes (PPIs) P(p) and P(pk) were introduced and applied to evaluate the process capability and quality consistence of Chinese medicine products. The historical quality analysis data of Qingkailing injection were collected and taken as the research object. The confidence intervals of P(p) and P(pk) were estimated based on the Bootstrap sampling methods. Results showed that the value and width of the confidence interval P(p) of were smaller that of P(pk) suggesting that the P(pk) index was more sensitive than P(p) in process capability analysis. Within the production period concerned, the P(pk) values estimated from different quality indexes of Qingkailing injection, such as baicalin, cholic acid, geniposide and total nitrogen, were 1.122, 2.055, 1.564 and 0.891, respectively. It could be found that the cholic acid had the highest process capability, followed by the geniposide and baicalin. The total nitrogen had the lowest process capability, indicating that it is necessary to reinforce the quality management of total nitrogen related manufacturing processes. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of PPIs, which are convenient to be used in production practice of Chinese medicine.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Injections ; Quality Control

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans are able to synthesize intra-cellular electron-dense magnetite,which makes possible that the bio-nano-magnetic particles could be obtained by cultivating Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. In order to isolate the strain which has the capacity to produce more magnetic particles, the solid-plate magnetophoresis method was firstly created. After isolation using the method, the rate of the cells which contain intra-cellular magnetic particles was increased from 30% to more than 90%, in addition, after isolation each cell possessed 2~5 magnetic particles which disperse in cells. The isolated cells are able to orient and migrate to the magnet in artificial magnetic field but could not orient swimming only under the geomagnetic field. Magnetosomes produced by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were range from 40nm to 90 nm according to the results of TEM. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis indicated that extracted magnetic particles consisted of oxygen and iron. The results show that some Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cells have weak magnetotaxis and they could be able to be separated by solid-plate magnetophoresis method from others. With the development of this new isolation method, it is possible to do deeper research to generate a comprehensive description of the mechanism that how Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans synthesize the magnetic particles.

The seeds of Rabdosia rubescens were as the materials to research the impacts of different lead (Pb2+) concentrations(0, 135, 270, 540, 1 080 mg x L(-1)) on seed germination and seedling growth. The results show that: Low concentration of lead had no obvious effect on early germination of the seed, the germination vigor and germination speed were lightly higher but not significantly differed at the level of Pb concentration 135 mg x L(-1) with control group; Mid-high concentration of Pb solution (270-1 080 mg x L(-1)) significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth, which reduced the seed germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, embryo root length and shoot length, growth index with increasing of Pb concentrations. There was a inhibitory effect on embryo shoot length and root length at mid-high lead concentrations stress, and stronger inhibitory effect on root , which was more sensitive than shoot to Pb stress(P < 0.05). Pb bioaccumulation coefficient (BC) was 0.76-2.59, increased with concentration of Pb; Pb enrichment in seedling mainly caused the growth inhibition. The fitting model predictive analyses show, the critical concentration of Pb, which causes the germination rate and biomass fresh weight reducing 10%, is 195.18, 101.65 mg x L(-1).
Germination ; drug effects ; Isodon ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Lead ; toxicity ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development ; Stress, Physiological

Complex genetic variation has been known to occur during the transmission of human enterovirus (HEV), and the HEV virulence and pathogenicity enhanced by genetic recombination also pose a serious threat to human health. In recent years, the interest in recombination mechanism of genetic plasticity has been renewed with the emergence of pathogenic recombinant circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses, which were implicated in poliomyelitis outbreaks in several regions of the world with insufficient vaccination coverage. This paper reviews recent research progress in HEV genome, including evolutionary characteristics, recombination types, and in vitro recombinant construction.
Animals ; Biomedical Research ; trends ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Recombination, Genetic ; Viral Proteins ; genetics