Aim To investigate the effect of iptakalim on neonatal cardiomyocytes hypertrophy induced by isoprenaline(ISO).Methods Hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes was established via culture with ISO.Total protein content was measured by Lowrys method.The fluorescence intensity of intracellular Ca2+ was detected respectively with Fluo-3/AM loading by the laser confocal microscopy.Results ① 1?10-5mol?L-1 ISO can activated ?-AR completely;② the total protein of cardiomyocytes and intracellular i was markedly decreased by treatment with IPT and represented a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion IPT could inhibit the increase of protein content of cardiomyocytes induced by ISO,which may be contributed to the decease of intracellular Ca2+ concentration.

In order to study the contraindications of the compatibility of Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, in this study, the solubilizing and poisoning essence were explored. In this experiment, chromatographic assay, field emission scanning electron microscopy, MTT cytotoxicity evaluation, and other methods were used to study the main chemical components, morphology and toxicity of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa and its co-decoction with glycyrrhizic acid, in order to clarify Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae incompatibility provides a new idea for the research on incompatibility of Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae. The results showed that after co-decoction of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa with glycyrrhizic acid, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected the dissolution of the toxic component yuanhuacine of 54.8%, while yuanhuacine chromatographic peak was not detected in the Flos Genkwa ethyl acetate part of the single decoction. The increase of co-decoction dissolution rate was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and it was found that glycyrrhizic acid uniformly dispersed the fat-soluble components of Flos Genkwa into nano-scale particles, which improved the solubility and stability in the solution. Furthermore, the results of cytotoxicity evaluation showed that the survival rate of cells decreased after co-decoction, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining also gave the same results. In summary, the co-decoction of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa with glycyrrhizic acid promotes the dissolution of the toxic component yuanhuacine, and makes the part form uniformly distributed nanoparticles, which is conducive to the absorption of the ingredient and increases the toxicity.

To compare the microcalorimetric fingerprint profiles of Lonicerae japonicae Flos (Lj.F) and Lonicerae Flos (L.F), microcalormietry was applied to find the heat change regularity of Bacillus shigae (B. shigae) metabolism affected by Lj.F and L.F (we choose Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz in this paper) with different concentrations. The thermogenic curves and thermodynamics parameters were investigated as evaluation index, and then the date of experiment was studied by similarity analysis. All the results indicated that the Lj.F and Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz (L.m.H-M) significantly impacted the microbial growth and had good similarity in its inhibitory activities. The combination approach of chemical analysis with bioassay was developed and employed to ensure the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Bacillus ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Calorimetry ; methods ; Chemical Safety ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; classification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Thermodynamics ; Thermogenesis

By referred to a lot of data, some new drug delivery systems(DDSs) including the Sustained and Controlled DDS, the Targeted DDS, the Transdermal DDS, the Bioadhensive DDS, the PowderJect DDS and the Self-Emulsifying DDS and their applications in TCD since 2000, will be summarized and some latest DDSs in the world including drug-eluting stents, gene therapy carrier system, biological chip, biomolecular motor-powered nanodevice and nanotrap will be also introduced in this paper. The objective of this paper is to introduce the new DDSs proceedings of and their applications in the Traditional Chinese Drugs(TCDs) and to provide some references for the pharmaceutics of TCD. For several recent years, the great success have been achieved in studying the new DDS application in the change of preparation of TCD by the investigators at home, but there is a large difference between at home and at board. So it is necessary to make a greater advance. During the modernization of TCD, there is an effective way that the new drug delivery systems(DDSs) will be applied in the change of the preparation of TCD.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Administration Routes ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Nanotechnology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Skin Absorption ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and the mechanism of Danhong Injection (DI), Ligustrazine Injection (LI), and adsorbable biomembranes in preventing the adhesion of tendons and tissues.

METHODSTotally 120 patients all suffering from simple flexor digitorum tendon rupture on the hand zone two damaged by sharp weapons were randomly assigned to Group A (Dikang adsorbable biomembrane), Group B (Tianxinfu adsorbable biomembrane), Group C (Tianxinfu adsorbable biomembrane + Ligustrazine group), and Group D (Tianxinfu adsorbable biomembrane + DI group) in accordance with random digit table, 30 cases in each group. Indicators such as total active movement (TAM) of the hand tendon, Minnesota manual dexterity test (MMDT), and finger flex strength test (FFST) were observed.

RESULTSThe TAM and the favorable rate were higher in Group C and D than in Group A and B at post-operative 4 and 8 week (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between Group C and D (P > 0.05). Each index of MMDT was lower in Group C and D than in Group A and B (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in FFST among all the 4 groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCombined application of LI or DI with Tianxinfu adsorbable biomembranes could effectively prevent the adhesion of tendons. DI showed equivalent effect as LI did. Besides, the combined application was superior in preventing adhesion to using Xintianfu adsorbable biomembrane or Dikan adsorbable biomembrane alone.

Absorbable Implants ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes, Artificial ; Middle Aged ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; prevention & control ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Tendon Injuries ; surgery ; Tissue Adhesions ; prevention & control ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of iptakalim (IPT) on pressure-overload induced cardiac remodeling in rats, and investigate correlation between this protection effects and plasma PGI2 content.

METHODThe pressure-overload induced cardiac remodeling model was induced by abdominal aorta constriction for 6 weeks, and the rats were divided into 5 groups repectively: (1) sham group, (2) control group, (3) IPT 3 mg/kg group (IPT 3), (4) indomethacin 2 mg/kg group (Indo 2), (5) indomethacin 2 mg/kg + IPT 3 mg/kg group (Indo 2 + IPT 3). RM6000 eight channel physiological recorder was used to record haemodynamics index, heart weight was weighed and the cardiac remodeling index was calculated, HE stain and Masson's stain were employed to perform histological analysis, colorimetric method was used to detect the hydroxyproline content in cardiac tissue, radioimmunological method was used to measure the plasma PGI2 content.

RESULTSAfter 42 days of aortic banding, the hyperdynamic circulation state, cardiac remodeling and decreased plasma PGI2 content were observed in the model group compared with those in the sham group, which were effectively reserved by treatment with IPT 3 mg/kg. Single-use indomethacin led to further deterioration of this pathophysiological changes, however, combination administration of IPT 3 mg/kg prevented these from worsening characteristic by ameliorating hyperdynamic circulation state and cardiac remodeling, augmnent plasma PGI2 content.

CONCLUSIONIPT can significantly reverse abdominal aorta binding/pressure-overload induced cardiac remodeling, its mechanism may contribute to binding K(ATP) channel in endothelial cells, ameliorating endothelium cells function, augmenting PGI2 synthesis and secretion.

Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal ; surgery ; Constriction ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; physiology ; Epoprostenol ; blood ; Hypertension ; blood ; physiopathology ; KATP Channels ; drug effects ; Male ; Propylamines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging derived quantitative metrics and serum soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) level in an embolic canine stroke model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established in 24 beagle dogs. Experimental dogs were divided into low- and high-sCD40L group according to serum sCD40L level at 4.5 hours after establishing the model. IVIM imaging was scanned at 4.5 hours after model establishment using 10 b values ranging from 0 to 900 s/mm². Quantitative metrics diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) of ischemic lesions were calculated. Quantitative metrics of ischemic lesions were normalized by contralateral hemisphere using the following formula: normalized D = D(stroke) / D(contralateral). Differences in IVIM metrics between the low- and high-sCD40L groups were compared using t test. Pearson's correlation analyses were performed to determine the relationship between IVIM metrics and serum sCD40L level. RESULTS: The high-sCD40L group showed significantly lower f and normalized f values than the low-sCD40L group (f, p < 0.001; normalized f, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in D*, normalized D*, D, or normalized D value between the two groups (All p > 0.05). Both f and normalized f values were negatively correlated with serum sCD40L level (f, r = −0.789, p < 0.001; normalized f, r = −0.823, p < 0.001). However, serum sCD40L level had no significant correlation with D*, normalized D*, D, or normalized D (All p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The f value derived from IVIM imaging was negatively correlated with serum sCD40L level. f value might serve as a potential imaging biomarker to assess the formation of microvascular thrombosis in hyperacute period of ischemic stroke.
Animals ; CD40 Ligand* ; Diffusion ; Dogs ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Perfusion ; Stroke* ; Thrombosis

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of pharmacokinetics of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin in a rat model of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced experimental hepatic injury after oral administration of Yinchenhao Decoction (, YCHD) using an ultra pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) method.

METHODSRats were divided into a normal group and a model group, after modeled by 4% ANIT (75 mg/kg) for 48 h, they were orally administrated with YCHD extract at the dose of 0.324 g/kg, and then blood was collected from their orbital sinus after different intervals. Changes in liver function were monitored by the levels of liver enzymes [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] and bilirubins [total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL)], the concentration of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin in plasma were measured by UPLC, and the pharmaceutical parameters were calculated with DAS2.1.1 software.

RESULTSThe concentration-time curve of both normal and modeled rats after oral administration of YCHD was obtained. Their time to maximum plasma concentration (t(max)) were both 0.25 h, the maximum concentration (C(max)) were 4.533 μg/mL and 6.885 μg/mL, and their area under concentration-time curve (AUC)(0→24h) were 16.272 and 32.981, respectively. There was a 51.88% and 100.46% increase in C(max) and AUC(0-t) (P<0.05), but there showed a 45.52% and 92.93% reduction in clearance of drug and volum of distribution (P<0.05), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSHepatic injury could significantly influence the pharmacokinetics of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin after oral administration of YCHD, the absorption and distribution process was accelerated in liver injured rats, but the metabolism and elimination process was slowed. And this may lead to a significant accumulation of 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin in the body.

1-Naphthylisothiocyanate ; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Coumarins ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Models, Biological ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Validation Studies as Topic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Tuina for treatment of somatic pain of sub-health.

METHODSA randomized, double-blind and blank parallel controlled trial was done. The experiment group was treated with Tuina and the control group lied down for rest, 45 minutes each time, twice each week for three weeks.

RESULTSTuina treatment could improve more on sensory, affective, evaluation, pain rating index and extant pain intensity of the pain index, and score of subjective sensation of life quality and health status together with physiology and psychology field of life quality.

CONCLUSIONMassage is an effective therapy for treatment of somatic pain of sub-health without adverse reactions and it should be generalized to application.

Adult ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; psychology ; Pain Management ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the stability of hearing results and complications in long-term following-up who underwent reconstruction surgery.

METHODSSix hundreds and seventy five cases (700 ears) of congenital aural atresia were reviewed from January 1984 to January 2001 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongren hospital. Except 40 ears undone hearing reconstruction, 635 cases (660 ears) underwent long-term following-up for 3 to 19 years, with an average of 7.9 years.

RESULTSStenosis and recurrent infection of the external auditory canal (EAC) were the most frequent complications. Stenosis was seen in 120 ears, and 2 ears re-atresia, with an incidence of 18.48% (122/660). Recurrent infection of the cavity and canal skin happened in 6 ears. Closure of the air-bone gap (ABG) post-operation were gained in all cases, and ABG gains 20 dB or more occurred in 512 ears (77.57%), but 30 dB or more in 231 ears (35%). Following-up results: Stable hearing results gained in 450 ears over the length of following-up; the hearing worsened than that of 3 weeks postoperatively occurred in 160 ears, including 2 ears with sensorineural hearing loss. Hearing deteriorated more than 20 dB happened in 35 ears, and 10-15 dB in others cases but still be improved compared with that of preoperation.

CONCLUSIONSAtresiaplasty surgery in individuals with congenital aural atresia can yield reliable, lasting hearing results in 68.2% (450/660), with a low incidence of complications; the initial improved hearing deteriorated gradually over the first 6 months post-operation, which are related with the stenosis and infection of canal. Cavity adhesion, bony EAC re-growth, ossicular chain re-fixation or displace may affect the hearing results in some cases. Even unilateral aural atresia may benefit from the reconstruction surgery and achieve serviceable hearing results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear Auricle ; abnormalities ; Ear Diseases ; congenital ; surgery ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Female ; Hearing ; Humans ; Male ; Otologic Surgical Procedures ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult