ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects on serum homocysteine(Hcy) level,vascular function and carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) in metformin-treated diabetic patients with or without supplementation with folate and Vitamin B12.MethodsA total of 100 newly diagnosed diabetic type 2patients were divided into two groups by random digits table with 50 cases each,90 patients completed study.Forty-seven participants (control group) received a 6-month course of metformin treatment,43 patients (treatment group) received mefformin,folate and Vitamin B12 treatment.The levels of serum Hcy,endothelin-1 (ET-1),carotid IMT,large or small arterial elasticity index (C1,C2),flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery were evaluated before and after treatment.ResultsThe level of serum Hcy in control group significantly increased compared with before treatment[ (13.4 ± 2.7)μ mol/L vs.(11.1 ± 1.9)μ mol/L],hut the level of serum Hcy in treatment group significantly decreased compared with before treatment [ (9.2 ± 1.8 ) μ mol/L vs. ( 11.3 ± 2.0) μ mol/L ],there was significant difference(P ＜ 0.05 ).A beneficial effect was observed in the serum ET-1,FMD,carotid IMT and C2 in treatment group[ (20.0 ± 6.2)ng/L,( 15.8 ± 7.6)％,(0.8 ± 0.2) mm,(4.1 ± 2.1 ) ml/mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) × 100 vs. (31.3 ±10.1 ) ng/L,(9.7 ± 4.5)％,( 1.1 ± 0.4) mm,(2.3 ± 1.0) ml/mm Hg × 100 ] (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of ET-1,FMD,carotid IMT and C2 after treatment in control group [ (24.8 ± 6.8) ng/L,( 12.9 ± 6.3 )％,(0.9 ± 0.3)mm,(3.0 ± 1.4) ml/mm Hg × 100] had significant difference compared with before treatment [ (30.6 ± 8.7)ng/L,(9.8 ± 4.6)％,( 1.0 ± 0.3) mm,(2.2 ± 0.9) ml/mm Hg × 100](P＜ 0.05).However,the results were improved significantly in treatment group than those in control group (P ＜0.05).In treatment group,significant correlation were detected between changes of Hcy and ET- 1 (r =0.43,P ＜ 0.05 ),carotid IMT(r =0.56,P ＜ 0.05),FMD (r =-0.54,P ＜ 0.05 ),C2 (r =-0.37,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsAdministration of folate and Vitamin B12 can reduce the levels of serum Hcy and ET-1 in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients,which exert beneficial effect on carotid IMT,FMD and C2.

Objective To investigate the changes of vital signs and the damage of important organs in dog progressive circulatory failures induced by soman.Method Seven male dogs,weighing(12～15)kg,were injected intramuscularly 1/3 LD sornan(1 LD=10μg/kg)per ten minutes.The moan blood pressure decreased to (40～45)mmHg was defined as circulatory failure.The changes of heart rate,blood pressure.and hemodynamic parameters were evaluated by an eight-channel direct-witing oscillograph,blood gas,pH value,electrolyte,and the damage of important organs were observed before and after sornan injection.Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the self control t test with the SAS 6.12 Software Program.Results In anesthetized dogs intoxicated with sornan,the circulatory failure was characterized by the significant decreases in blood pressure,heart rate and hemodymrnic parameters(P<0.05).Partial pressure of oxygen was less than 60 mmHg,saturation of oxygen Was less than 90% and partial pressure of carbon dioxide was greater than 50 mmHg in arterial blood of the dog model.These results showed mix respiratory failure occurred during intermittent positive pressure.Significant metabolic acidosis was induced by soman[pH(7.345±0.064)vs.(6.956±0.022),P<0.01].The concentralion of sodium ion and chloride ion in blood were changed gently.The concentrations of GTP,GOT,Cr,BUN,CK-MB and LDH were increased significantly(P<0.05),which showed multiple important organs including liver,kidney and heart were damaged by sornan.Conclusions The severe progressive circulatory failure induced by cholinesterase inhibitor sornan leads to the darnage of vital signs and important organs significantly.

OBJECTIVESTo study the expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in gastric carcinoma and investigate their correlations to clinicopathologic features and prognostic significance.

METHODSThe proteins of Nampt and VEGF-A in 68 specimens of gastric carcinoma and 59 specimens normal gastric tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry during January 2000 to December 2004, and the 68 patients were followed up.

RESULTSNampt protein was detected in the cytoplasm of both tissues, and Nampt in gastric carcinoma (13 ± 5) were significantly higher than that in normal gastric tissue (6 ± 3) (t = 7.46, P < 0.01). The expression of Nampt was correlated to invasive depth (F = 4.693, P = 0.034), lymph node metastasis (F = 4.027, P = 0.049), clinical TNM stage (F = 9.979, P = 0.002), but not to gender, age, tumor location, tumor size, differentiation (P > 0.05). The expression of Nampt is correlated with survival of patients that underwent surgical resection for gastric cancer. The survival rate of patients in negative of Nampt was very higher than that of the positive patients, and its co-expression with VEGF-A showed a trend towards poorer survival. The positive correlation was found between the expression of Nampt and VEGF-A in gastric carcinoma (r = 0.293, P = 0.015).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of Nampt is positively correlated to that of VEGF-A in gastric carcinoma. The correlation between the expression of Nampt and VEGF-A in gastric carcinoma plays an important role cooperatively in carcinogenesis, development and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Animals ; Arecoline ; pharmacology ; Cholinergic Agonists ; pharmacology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; physiology ; Pyloric Antrum ; physiology ; Receptor, Muscarinic M3 ; metabolism

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Thrombasthenia ; classification ; diagnosis

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytarabine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fever ; blood ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; blood ; drug therapy ; Teniposide ; therapeutic use

The Qinbai Qingfei concentrated pellets by traditional Chinese medicine theoryand party and group, the rats were given the drugs group, comparison of pharmacokinetics parameters changes of baicalin , discusses the rationality of Qinbai prescription. The rats were gavaged monarch drug group (Huang Qincu extract, mainly forbaicalin), and official medicine group, adjuvant group, medicine group and Qinbai group (Quan Fangzu) the content of baicalin equal as the monarch drug group, in the 28 h collection in rat plasma at different time point, application of HPLC determination of baicalin glycosides in rat plasmaconcentration time curve, with 3P97 practical pharmacokinetics program to process the data Based on the data analysis, baicalin in rat plasma of Qinbai group Cmax is 4 times as big as monarch druggroup, AUC is 6 times as big as monarch drug group; the content of baicalin in plasma of rats the highest is Qinbai group, the minister drug group, adjuvant group, medicine group of baicalin in rat plasma content of less than the Qinbai group, but was significantly higher than that of monarch drug group; the medicine group is slightly higher than that adjuvant the content of baicalin in plasma of rats. The pharmacokinetic results show that the measured plasma concentration in rats that Qinbai can significantly increase Cmax and AUC of baicalin, other components of qinbai can promoted the baicalin absorption in vivo. It showed that the reasonable of Qinbai compound compatibility. The minister drug can promote the absorption of baicalin in vivo.
Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Flavonoids ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

In China, the incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing in recent years. Hormonal therapy has been the mainstay of the therapeutic options for metastatic diseases for many years. But many metastatic tumors progress at a median of two to five years and become hormonal refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). This article summarizes in the advances of diagnostic criteria, molecular biological features, prediction markers, new therapeutic agents and further researches to be undertaken concerning HRPC.
Aged ; Androgen Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology

Prostate cancer is one of the most common type of cancer among men after middle age. Androgen withdrawal can delay its progression in the initial stage, but it finally becomes independent of androgens in almost all the cases. The combination of docetaxel with prednisone is currently a standard first-line treatment for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC), but hitherto there is no established second-line therapy. In view of the molecular pathogenesis of HRPC, this article presents an overview on several promising drugs that target specific pathways, involving angiogenesis, cell signaling, apoptosis and proliferation, and immune modulation, either as single agents or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Hormones ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy

Adult ; Castleman Disease ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Radiography