Objective To study the effects of different glucocorticasteroid(GCS) inhalation regimens for remissive children with asthma. Methods Three hundred and twenty - three patients with moderate asthma were enrolled on a 12 - week randomized parallel group remissive treatment after a 4 - week baseline treatment. During the baseline treatment terbutaline sulfate 250 ?g tid a day and bud esonide 200 ?g twice a day were given, and oral bronchodilators were used if necessary. The remissive treatment were composed of budesomde inhabit ion 100 ?g once a day (group A), 100 ?g twice a day(group B) and 200 ?g once a day(group 0). Patients subsequently returned to the clinic for 3 additional clinic visits (4,8 and 12 weeks) or telephone visits . On every clinic visit, the daytime and nocturnal time seventy score were recorded and spirometry was conducted in patients who were capable of performing the maneuver. Results Ultimately, 323 children were enrolled on the baseline treatment and 281 (87%) children achieved clinical remission. The rate of compliance decreased gradually during the remissive treatment, but in group B(P

0.05).Conclusions The serum concentrations of cortisol,GH,IGF-Ⅰ and IGFBP3 in children suffered from asthma have no obvious change before and after 24 months long-term inhaled corticosteroids.The height changes before and after therapy have no significant difference between observation group and control group with same age and gender.

Objective To explore the effect of Okam on airway inflammation in asthmatic mouse.Methods Thirty-two SPF grade Kunming Strain mice were randomly divided into positive control group,glucocorticoid inhalation group,Okam group and negative control group with 8 mice in each group.The mice were sensitized and repeatedly challenged with ovalbumin(OVA) to establish the models of chronic asthma.The glucocorticoid group were given Budesonide(200 ?g) and saline everyday by inhalation,the Okam group were given 50 mg/kg Okam by gavage,and the positive group had saline at the same time,the negative control group received saline at all stages.The inflammation of the lung tissue were scored underwent HE staining.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) cell count and differential were studied,and interferon-?(IFN-?),interleukin-4(IL-4) in BALF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results There were no inflammatory cell infiltrate of bronchiole in the negative control group.Inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue were obvious in the positive control group.Inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue lightened obviously in the Budesonide and Okam groups.The total cell number,Eosinophils(EOS) and IL-4 level in BALF,and the score of the lung tissue in Okam group were all markedly lower than those in positive control group(t=5.942,7.089,7.078 Pa0.05),IFN-? lower(t=4.275 P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and its possible mechanisms of Danhong Injection (DHI) on cerebral injury during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

METHODSFifty patients went to CABG with CPB were randomly assigned equally to two groups, the control group and the tested group. DHI 1.5 mL/kg was pumped to where the tested group at the times of aortic pre-charging and unclamping respectively, but to the control group, equal volume of normal saline was given instead. Blood samples were taken from jugular bulb at different time points, i. e. before operation (T1, baseline), re-warming to 36 degrees C (T2 ), 30 min (T3 ) and 6 h (T4) after terminating CPB, for determination levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity using xanthine oxidase method, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration using thiobarbituric method, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as well as interleukin-6, -8 using radioimmunoassay and -10 (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) using ELISA.

RESULTSLevel of SOD activity significantly decreased during (T2) and after CPB (T3 and T4) in the control group, as compared to the T1 (P < 0.01), but it was unchanged in the tested group; level of MDA increased during and after CPB in both groups (P < 0.01), but more significantly in the control group (P < 0.05), so comparison after CPB between the two groups showed a higher SOD and lower MDA level in the tested group. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 significantly increased in both groups after CPB (T3 and T4, P < 0.01) as compared to the T1, but the comparison between groups showed lower plasma TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8 levels at T3 and T4, and higher IL-10 level at T4 in the test group (P < 0.01). All patients had stable life signs with no occurrence of adverse reaction.

CONCLUSIONDHI has obvious protective effect on cerebral injury in patients undergoing CABG with CPB, the mechanisms may be associated with the actions of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and regulation on immune factors.

Aged ; Brain Injuries ; blood ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND:Large volume of bone can be harvested by the reamer-irrigation-aspirator (RIA), which can be used for autologous bone graft, because there are many stromal stem cells and a variety of osteogenesis factors in the harvested bone. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the application progress of the RIA. METHODS:PubMed database was retrieved by the first author for RIA-related articles published from January 2000 to May 2017 using the keyword of "reamer-irrigator-aspirator". A total of 87 articles were searched initially and finally 38 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with harvesting bone tissues from the iliac bone, the RIA can harvest more autologous bone tissues with more bone marrow stromal stem cells. Moreover, the osteogenic effect of the harvested autologous bone is better and there are fewer complications. Therefore, the RIA has been widely used as a method of harvesting non-structural autologous bone tissues. Removal of intramedullary lesions by the RIA is used in the treatment of long bone infection, osteomyelitis and bone tumors, as well as in the removal of intramedullary cement. RIA was originally used as a special reaming during intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures, which could reduce high pressure and high temperature so as to decrease the risks of fat embolism and osteonecrosis. To conclude, the RIA can achieve satisfactory outcomes and result in few complications, but the clinical use is still limited by high cost, frequent fluoroscopy, bleeding and limited indications, as well as risks for iatrogenic fractures and perforation.

Objective To explore the safety of collection of peripheral blood stem cells(PBSCs) from low-weight infants with osteopetrosis(OP) and its clinical significance. Methods One case of low-weight infants with OP received PBSCs collection using a continuous-flow blood cell separator,and the safety of collection process was observed.The amount of monocyte cell(MNC) and CD34+ cell were noted and its clinical significance was analyzed.Results Low-weight infants with OP could tolerate collection process,the number of collection MNC and CD34+ cells were 10.06?108/kg,2.74?106/kg.Conclusion Adequate PBSCs can be collected from OP who need not be mobilized,thus can offer backup for graft failure.PBSCs collection from low-weight infants is safe.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) for quality control of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.

METHODSThe contents of chlorogenic acid(CA) and caffeic acid(CfA) were determined, and the relative correction factors(RCF) of other organic acids were calculated, which were used for the indirect determination.

RESULTSThe RCFs for the neochlorogenic acid(NCA), 3, 4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid(3, 4-DCA), 3, 5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid(3, 5-DCA), and 4, 5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid(4, 5-DCA) were 5.462, 5.689, 2.313, 2.382(to CA) and 3.941, 4.103, 1.669, 1.718(to CfA), respectively. The established method was validated in different laboratories with different high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) instruments and different chromatographic columns; the result indicated that the reproducibility was satisfactory. There was no significant difference between the established QAMS method and external reference method (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe established QAMS method can be used for simultaneous determination of 6 organic acids as quality control of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos with easy available standard substances.

Caffeic Acids ; analysis ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Quinic Acid ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo explore operative complications of photoselective vaporization of prostate (120 W) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSThe clinical data of 186 cases who underwent photoselective vaporization of prostate (120 W) for the treatment of BPH from May 2010 to April 2012, was statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe operative time ranged from 7 to 147 minutes, and the average time was (37.7 ± 21.5) minutes. No patient accepted intraoperative blood transfusion, and occurred transurethral resection syndrome or capsular perforation. The time of postoperative indwelling catheter ranged from 1 to 11 days, and average time was (4.3 ± 2.2) days. Surgical outcome was satisfactory. Early postoperative complications included bladder spasm (3 cases), transient dysuria (19 cases), urinary tractirritation (94 cases), secondary hemorrhage (26 cases), transient urge incontinence (19 cases), all cases were relieved after treatment. Long-term complications, including recurrence (1 case), bladder neck stenosis (2 cases) and urethral stricture (2 cases), who had required reoperation. Postoperative patients with international prostate symptom score (29.4 ± 3.4), maximum urinary flow rate ((6.0 ± 1.6) ml/s) and residual urine ((167 ± 150) ml) had improved (t = -76.0 - 61.4, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSWith less invasive, less bleeding and rapid postoperative recovery, photoselective vaporization of prostate (120 W) is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment techniques for BPH. But there is still some complications after surgery and proper handling is required.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Prostate ; surgery ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery

In this work, a rapid analysis method basing on ultraviolet spectroscopy was established for the determination of danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, rosmarinci acid, lithospermic acid and salvianolic acid B in the extraction process of Danhong injection. In the extraction process of Danshen and Honghua crude drugs, 44 extraction solution samples were collected and the contents of the five components were determined by HPLC analysis. The ultraviolet spectra of the samples were collected. Partial least square regression was used to establish the multivariate calibration models between the ultraviolet spectra and the contents of the five components. The results showed that the established models could predict the contents of the five components in the extraction solution accurately. The ultraviolet spectroscopy method established in this work can be used for rapid analysis of the intermediates of Danhong injection, which may be applied for the quality control in the manufacturing process.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; standards ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Quality Control ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; methods

OBJECTIVETo establish a method integrating multi-targets for determining critical process parameters of the manufacturing process of traditional Chinese medicine.

METHODThe ethanol precipitation process of Danhong injection was taken as an application case of the method established. Fractional factorial design of experiments were conducted. Mathematical models relating seven process parameters to ten targets in the ethanol precipitation process were established. Then the sums of the absolute values of the regression coefficients in the models were used to evaluate the criticality of process parameters.

RESULTWater content in the concentrate, ethanol concentration and ethanol consumption were identified as the critical process parameters.

CONCLUSIONThe method established can integrate multi-targets effectively for the evaluation of critical process parameters.

Chemical Precipitation ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry