Abstract: Objective　To analyze the recent cluster outbreaks of imported malaria and explore the risks, challenges and countermeasures for dealing with such events during malaria post-elimination era of malaria, and to provide reference for effectively addressing the risks and consolidating the achievements of malaria elimination. Methods　The individual malaria case data from "The Information System for Infectious Disease Surveillance" and "The Information System For Parasitic Diseases Prevention And Control" were collected，and the diagnosis classification, infection source, time and space distribution of cases were analyzed. Results　From January 1 to August 11, 2022, a total of 429 malaria cases were reported nationwide, an 18.9% decrease compared to the same period last year (529 cases), all of which were imported cases. The overall weekly trend of the outbreak remained stable, but since Week 31 (July 25-31), there has been a significant increase in the number of cases, with a peak on August 5. From July 25 to August 11, 2022, a total of 162 malaria cases were reported nationwide, up 315.4% from 39 cases in the same period last year, accounting for 37.8% of the total cases up to August 11, 2022. The main source of imported infections was Guinea (95 cases, 58.6%), with most cases reported in Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province (30 cases), Shilin County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province (21 cases), Chaoyang District, Beijing (11 cases), and Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province (7 cases). Conclusions　Due to the concentration of returnees to China, several entry port cities simultaneously experienced cluster outbreaks of imported malaria, which brought immense pressure and challenges to local medical and health institutions. Health facilities at all levels need to maintain high vigilance and sensitivity, be well prepared, and avoid death and secondary transmission caused by imported cases.

BackgroundResearches found that the posterior capsular opacification (PCO) after lensextraction is associated with the elevation of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).To seek the drug for inhibitingproliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is crucial in the treatment and prevention of PCO.ObjectiveThisstudy was to investigate the preventing effects of decorin on the proliferation of LECs.MethodsRabbit LECs wascultured and passaged.The LECs in growth phase were incubated in 96 well plate at the density of 8×106/L.Decorinwith the concentrations 0.1,1.0,10.0 mg/L was added into the medium for 24,48 and 72 hours respectively.0.1％DMSO was used at the same way as positive control group,and the regular cultured cells worked as blank controlgroup.The inhibitory rates of different concentrations of decorin on the growth of LECs were detected by MTT at 24,48and 72 hours after addition of decorin.The percentage of LECs in different cell cycles in various groups was assayedusing flow cytometry.TGF-β level in medium suspension was detected using ELISA.The expression of TGF-β mRNA in LECs was checked by RT-PCR,and α-SMA expression in LECs was determined using immunochemistry.Results ELISA assay showed a statistical difference in the TGF-β levels of different groups (F=39.24,P=0.03 ).The TGF-β levels in 1.0,10.0 mg/L decorin groups were significantly decreased in comparison with blank control group (P＜0.01) and 0.1 mg/L decorin group (P＜0.05 ).The inhibitory rates of decorin in the concentrations of ≥ 1.0 mg/L on the growth of LECs were higher than the blank control group,and those in various concentrations of decorin groups were considerably lower in 24 hours compared with 48 and 72 hours ( P＜0.05 ) and so was the 48 hours compared with 72 hours (P＜0.05 ).The percentages of LECs in G0/G1 phase were ascent in 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 mg/L decorin groups in comparison with G2/M and S phase (P＜0.05).Immunochemistry revealed the weak expression of α-SMA in various decorin groups in comparison with control group. Conclusions Decorin can effectively inhibit LECs growth and induce LECs apoptosis in concentration- and time-dependent manner.It is suggested that decorin can be used in the prevention and treatment of after cataract.

Aim To study the effect of simvastatin on the production of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) and the secretion of interleukin-1 beta ( IL-1β) in oxidized low density lipoprotein ( oxLDL )-induced macropha-ges. Methods After the murine macrophage J774A. 1 was treated with 0,50,100,200 mg·L-1 oxLDL, the contents of aggregated lipid in macrophages were ob-served and determined by oil red O staining. Then, the oxLDL-primed macrophages were treated with 0 . 5 ,1 . 0μmol·L-1 simvastatin, the production of ROS was de-termined by flow cytometry and the expressions of pro-caspase-1 , cleaved caspase-1 and mature IL-1βon pro-tein level were determined by Western blot. Results The oil red O staining results showed that oxLDL could induce obvious lipid aggregation in macrophages, and reached the saturation point with 100 mg·L-1 concen-tration. Flow cytometry results indicated that oxLDL could induce the production of ROS in macrophages, up to 167% ± 0. 47%, and ROS level decreased to 139% ± 0. 97% in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with simvastatin. Western blot indicated that simvastatin could inhibit the expression of cleaved caspase-1 and mature IL-1β in macrophages triggered by oxLDL;compared with oxLDL group, the expression of cleaved caspase-1 and mature IL-1β decreased in simvastatin treated group, and all results had statistical significance ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion In the lipid ag-gregation model of macrophages induced by oxLDL, simvastatin can inhibit the production of ROS, caspase-1 activation, and secretion of IL-1β in macrophages.

The type of basic media and the contents of plant growth substances were investigated by orthogonal design experiment,and also the effects of different culture conditions on the growth of suspension cells and the accumulation of total flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides were studied.The results showed that B5 medium supplemented with 0.5mg/L NAA,0.6mg/L 6-BA and 30g/L sucrose,at initial pH 5.0～5.5,20g(FW)/L inoculation quantity and 110 r/min of rotation speed was a preferable culture conditions for E.ulmoides suspension cells growth and flavonoids synthesis.The results of metabolic kinetics analysis for E.ulmoides cell suspension culture showed that the logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations can be used for describing the kinetics of cell growth,sucrose consumption and flavonoids production during the process.The maximum specific growth rate(?m),the actual growth yield based on sucrose(YG) and maintenance coefficient(m) were 0.417/d,0.619g/g and 0.0206g/(g?d-1) respectively.All these outcomes could give a basis for establishing the suspension cell culture of E.ulmoides and production of the natural active components in large-scale.

OBJECTIVETo approach the effect of HAART to serum soluble interleukin-2 receptors in AIDS patients.

METHODS90 cases of AIDS patients were chosen for detection of their slL-2R levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), peripheral blood CD4 T cell counts by flow cytometry and viral load by Branch DNA amplification.

RESULTSThe slL-2R levels were (3154 +/- 905) m9icrog/ml before HAART and (2216 +/- 884) pg/ml after( P < 0.001), After HAART, the sIL-2R levels were(2846 +/- 963) microg/ml in ineffective HAART group and (1879 +/- 875) pg/ml in effective HAART group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe serum sIL-2R levels of AIDS patients were lowered by effective HAART, and it could judge the efficacy of HAART in same extent.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Adult ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clubfoot ; physiopathology ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Cholinesterase Reactivators ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Poisoning ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sensitivity of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and to explore the cytological mechanism of drug-resistance of gastric cancer.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining was employed to examine expression of stem cell marker CD44 and drug-resistance protein thymidylate synthase (TS) in 71 cases with gastric cancer. Based on morphology of cell colonies derived from AGS gastric cell line, colonies consisting of GCSCs were isolated, and expression of CD44 and TS, as well as self-renewal capacity of GCSCs were detected. Sensitivity of GCSCs to 5-FU was examined through CCK-8 assay.

RESULTSThe positive rates of CD44 and TS were 59.2% (42/71) and 56.3% (40/71) in gastric cancer, and expression of CD44 was associated with that of TS (χ(2)=12.76, P<0.01; Kappa=0.41). Serial sections indicated that CD44+ cancer cells simultaneously expressed TS. AGS developed morphologically diverse colonies, and the GCSCs colonies exhibited a tight and regular shape, which were called holoclone. Holoclones expressed CD44 and TS strongly, possessing capacity of robust self-renewal and forming a lot of second passage clones after incubation. Subclones expressed CD44 and TS weakly, forming less second passage clones. Paraclones almost did not express CD44 and TS, forming no second passage clone after incubation. Affected by 5-Fu, three holoclones showed less growth inhibition compared with another colony type and wild-type AGS cells. Furthermore, IC50 of 5-FU for three holoclones was (113.43±5.81), (272.68±25.75) and (118.14±17.75) μmol/L respectively, which were significantly higher than that of one subcolony type [(16.97±1.01) μmol/L] and AGS cells [(27.52±0.59) μmol/L] (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGCSCs possess lower sensitivity to 5-FU, and may play a critical role in drug-resistance of gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Zengjing Capsule No. 1 (ZJC1) on morphology and motility of sperm in patients with oligospermia (OSM).

METHODSSeventy-two OSM patients were assigned to 2 groups by a randomizing digital table, the treated group and the control group, they were treated respectively by ZJC1 and Wuzi Yanzong Pill (WYP). The changes of density, motility and morphology of sperm in patients before and after 3-month treatment were examined using computerized WLJY-9000 colour semen analysis system with refined Papanicolaou's stain.

RESULTSThe density, motility and morphology of sperm were improved and sperm deformity rate was significantly decreased after treatment in both groups (P < 0.01), but the effects in the treated group were better than those in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZJC1 can enhance the density and motility of sperm and reduce the sperm deformity rate in patients with OSM.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Oligospermia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Phytotherapy ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Young Adult

With reverse transcriptase PCR, the transcripton of copper homeostasis relative gene Afe0329 in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxians standard strain ATCC23270 was investigated. The further analysis of genes in this transcripton was analyzed employed by Vector NTI, Blast, TMHMM Server, PSORTb software and so on. From the DNA of different strains, the transcripton of Afe0329 was amplified using special primer pairs to identify the universality of it in the genome of A.ferrooxidans strains. The results showed that gene Afe0330 and Afe0331 were cotranscribed with Afe0329, and they were in a single transcripton. Gene Afe0329 was supported to express a P1b3-type ATPase which is a heavy metal ion pumping transmembrane protein, protein AFE0330 which expressed by gene Afe0330 was a cytoplasmic protein, no significant ho- mologous sequences of Afe0330 or Afe0331 had been obtained by Blast analysis. And the transcripton of Afe0329 was universal in genome of A. ferrooxidans strains.