To further uncover the scientific significance and molecular mechanism of the Chinese herbs with pungent hot or warm natures, endogenous and exogenous expression systems were established by isolation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and transfection of HEK293 cells with TRPV1 channel gene separately. On this basis, the regulation action of capsaicin, one main ingredient from chili pepper, on TRPV1 channel was further explored by using confocal microscope. Besides, the three-sites one-unit technique and method were constructed based on the brown adipose tissue (BAT), anal and tail skin temperatures. Then the effect of capsaicin on mouse energy metabolism was evaluated. Both endogenous and exogenous TRPV1 channel could be activated and this action could be specifically blocked by the TRPV1 channel inhibitor capsazepine. Simultaneously, the mice's core body temperature and BAT temperature fall down and then go up, accompanied by the increase of temperature of the mice's tail skin. Promotion of the energy metabolism by activation of TRPV1 channel might be the common way for the pungent-hot (warm) herbs to demonstrate their natures.
Adipose Tissue, Brown ; drug effects ; physiology ; Animals ; Capsaicin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; Ganglia, Spinal ; cytology ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; TRPV Cation Channels ; physiology ; Temperature ; Thermogenesis

Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femur ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; transplantation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Reoperation ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; isolation & purification

Objective To retrospectivel y analyze the abdominal CT findings and pathological results of the chronic schist osomiasis so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the disease. M ethods The plain abdominal CT scanning was performed in 103 cases an d enhanced CT scanning in 81 cases. The pathological specimen which was consist ent with the section of CT scan was obtained in each cases. Results On CT scanning, liver cirrhosis was seen in 84 cases, various calci fication in liver in 71 cases, liver cancer in 12 cases, enlargement of sple en in 78 cases, calcification in spleen in 13 cases, wall-thickening in colon i n 27 cases, calcification in colon in 31 cases, and colon cancer in 9 cases. Pa thological examination revealed various fibrosis and formation of pseudolobule. The eggs and calcification could be seen in pseudolobule and septa, colonic sub mucosa, and regional lymph nodes. Fibrous hyperplasia in colonic wall and hyper plasia in mucous membrane were obvious. Fibrous hyperplasia and calcification w ere seen in spleen, but the eggs were not found. Conclusion The liver and colon are the major organs affected by chronic schistosomias is in abdomen, and the CT findings are obvious too. The pathological features o f spleen are accompanied with liver cirrhosis. CT is the important imaging meth od in diagnosing chronic schistosomiasis and pathological changes.

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of the A260G and A386G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the DAZL gene with male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.

METHODSWe collected the peripheral blood samples from 317 idiopathic infertile males with azoospermia or oligozoospermia and 246 normal fertile men, and genotyped the polymorphic loci of the A260G and A386G polymorphisms of the DAZL gene using the SNaPshot technique.

RESULTSThe DAZL gene A260G was found genetically polymorphic in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province, with the gene frequencies and their distribution consistent to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of the AA, AG and GG genotypes of the A260G polymorphism were 92.3%, 7.3%, and 0.4% respectively in the normal controls and 94.3%, 5.7%, and 0% in the infertile patients, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.43, OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.413-1.46). Heterozygosis (AG) of A386G was found in 1 of the control males but not in the infertile patients, while homozygosis (GG) of A386G was not observed in either group (P = 0.259, OR = 0.698, 59% CI: 0.374-1.306).

CONCLUSIONA260G and A386G SNPs of the DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure and neither represents a molecular marker for the genetic diagnosis of male infertility in the Chinese population of Zhejiang Province.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the absorption mechanism of genistein self-microemulsifying system in rat intestines.

METHODThe concentrations of phenol red and genistein by in situ perfusion in rats were determined by UV and HPLC, respectively. The effects of drug concentrations, pH, various intestinal segments and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor verapamil on the absorption had been studied.

RESULTThe absorption rate constant (Ka) of genistein had no significant difference at concentrations of 0.05-0.5 mg x mL(-1) and pH of 5.4-7.8 in perfusion. It was Ka of jejunum > ileum > duodenum > colon. The absorption of genistein in jejunum had significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with other parts of intestines. Ka was increased obviously when verapamil was coper-fused with genistein (P < 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe absorption of genistein self-microemulsifying system is a first order process with passive diffusion mechanism related to P-gp efflux. It can be absorbed at all segments of rat intestine, and the jejunum is the best absorption segment, pH had no special effect on the absorption of genistein self-microemulsifying system in rat intestine.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Emulsions ; Genistein ; analysis ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Temperature ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the features of patients with acute leukemia (AL) in Hematology Department of Shenzhen Hospital affliated to Beijing University during the past six years. Methods The data of the 1056 acute leukemia dignosed in our department between 2002-2007 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results The male patients was predominant (male/female ratio was 1.78). The number of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML) was higher than that of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (AML/ALL ratio was 1.85). Most of the AML patients were young adult (65 %) and elderly ALL patients were very rare(1.33 %). AL cases were tended to increase gradually by year. The ratio of treatment-related AL in Shenzhen was lower than that reported literature in other countries. The major cause of the treatment-related AL were chemotherapy/radiotherapy and psoriasis treated with bimolane. Conclusion Some of the features of AL patients in China were further confirmed and some new features were also found in this study. These changes should be demonstrated by the next national epidemiology survey of leukemia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the myocardial electrophysiological effect and its underlying mechanisms of atorvastatin (Ator) on isolated rat hearts injured by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

METHODSIsolated SD rat hearts were mounted on Langendorff system, and a local I/R was induced by ligation (30 min) and release (15 min) of the left anterior descending artery. During the reperfusion period, the effect of Ator on diastolic excitation threshold (DET), effective refractory period (ERP) and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) on rat heart were measured.

RESULTCompared with the control group, medium concentration of Ator prolonged the ERP in normal rat hearts; low, medium and high concentration of Ator significantly inhibited the decrease of DET, ERP and VFT induced by I/R. However, pretreatment with L-NAME cancelled these cardiac electrophysiological effects of Ator.

CONCLUSIONAtor reduced electrophysiological alteration induced by I/R in isolated rat hearts, which may be mediated by activating nitric oxide pathway to enhance the myocardial electrophysiological stability.

Animals ; Atorvastatin Calcium ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Heptanoic Acids ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Pyrroles ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo discuss the characteristics and experience for surgical treatment of combined calcaneal fracture.

METHODSBetween February 2004 and September 2007, 17 feet of 13 patients with combined calcaneal fractures underwent surgical operations. Among 17 calcaneal fractures, 8 combined with ipsilateral talus fractures, 5 combined with trimalleolar fractures, 4 combined with Pilon fractures. Firstly, fractures of hinder foot were treatment with open reduction and internal fixation according to the principle. Of all, 15 fractures were treated with screws or titanic plate plus open reduction and internal fixation, the rest 2 fractures were treated with subtalar arthrodesis. Postoperative X-ray assessed the internal fixation and union of fractures. The foot function was evaluated by the Maryland Foot Score.

RESULTSA total of 13 patients were all followed up for 16.0 - 33.0 months (average 26.5 months), superficial infection was found in a patient with open wound 10 d after surgery. All the bone fractures united after surgery from 4 to 6 months. Morphous improvement of the calcaneal were proved by X-ray films and there here was no plates and screws' breakage, loosening. Mild osteoarthritis in Subtalar and ankle joints were found by X-ray after surgery from 9 months to last follow-up. Cystic degeneration and necrosis were found in 5 and 2 cases of talus fractures respectively. According to Maryland Foot Score, excellent was in 3 feet, good in 6 feet, fare in 5 feet and poor in 3 feet, with excellence rate of 52.9%.

CONCLUSIONSCombined calcaneal is a calcaneus-based concomitant ankle and foot fractures after a high-energy injury. Good deal of soft tissue and correct design of operation pre-operatively, restoration of form and power lines of calcaneal, effective bone graft, right place of simple internal fixation or subtalar arthrodesis and good reduction and internal fixation of other fracture in hinder feet intra-operatively and correct function postoperatively are key points to have a relatively satisfied treating effect of combined calcaneal fractures.

Adult ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo discuss operative methods and effects for Müller-Weiss disease.

METHODSFrom March 2005 to May 2011, 15 patients were operated. There were 2 males and 13 females, with an average age of 51.8 years (range, 26 to 62 years). The preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score was (42 ± 13) points. According to the Maceira Staging system, 1 foot was grade 2, 6 feet were grade 3, 4 feet were grade 4, and 4 feet were grade 5. The technique consisted of arthrodesis of the talonaviculocuneiform joints with plate, arthrodesis of the talonavicular joint and arthrorisis of naviculocuneiform joint with plate, or triple arthrodesis with screws, according to the preoperative evaluation.

RESULTSTen feet were treated with arthrodesis of the talonaviculocuneiform joints, 3 feet were treated with arthrodesis of the talonavicular joint and arthrorisis of naviculocuneiform joint and 2 feet were treated with triple arthrodesis. Two patients were lost to follow-up. The average follow-up after operation was 19.2 months (range, 9 to 38 months). All feet were solid fusion and the average duration of union was 13.3 weeks (range, 12-16 weeks). The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score at the last follow-up was (83 ± 6) points. Two feet were excellent, 10 feet were good, and 1 foot was fair. The length of feet was (14.2 ± 1.0) cm before surgery and (15.7 ± 0.9) cm at the last follow-up (t = 11.570, P < 0.05). The Meary's angle was -6.1° ± 13.1°before surgery and 1.1° ± 3.0° at the last follow-up (t = 2.248, P < 0.05). The talocalcaneal angle was 4.5° ± 2.2° before surgery and 18.0° ± 4.0° at the last follow-up (t = 11.700, P < 0.05). One foot had breakage of the plate and screws at arthrorisis of naviculocuneiform joint and none had complications related to the incision.

CONCLUSIONOperations for Müller-Weiss disease, according to concrete conditions using different therapeutic program, may achieve a satisfactory outcome.

Adult ; Arthrodesis ; methods ; Bone Nails ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot Diseases ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scaphoid Bone ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome