AIM: To observe the effects of porous polyethylene ( Medpor) as a spacer graft in the reconstruction of large areas eyelid defect after the operation of malignant tumors of lower eyelids.
METHODS: Nineteen cases ( 19 eyes ) of malignant tumors of lower eyelid underwent the eyelid reconstruction were selected. Medpor lower eyelid inserts implantation were used to replace tarsal joint sliding conjunctival flap and pedicle flap, and repaired full -thickness lower eyelid defects then underwent eyelid reconstruction.
RESULTS: Appearance of eyelids and functional improvements were satisfactory with no stimulation on the eyeball and no effect on the visual function. Implants is with no absorption, shift, exclusion or infection and no tumor recurrence in all cases during the follow up for 6-36mo.
CONCLUSION: Medpor lower eyelid inserts implantation can instead tarsal plate for the reconstruction of medium to large areas lower eyelid defect, which is easy performing with rare complications. It is an ideal alternatives of tarsal plate.

Objective To provide an overview of the current knowledge of growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in heart disease.Data sources To identify relevant publications,we searched PubMED database combining the textual terms of heart,cardiac,cardiovascular disease with GDF-15.Study selection Well-controlled,relatively large-scale,retrospective studies as well as meaningful individual cases were all selected as materials.Results GDF-15 is a distant member of the transforming growth factor-β cytokine superfamily.In myocardium,GDF-15 is weakly expressed under physiological conditions.However,its expression level is increased in response to pathological stress.Growing evidence indicate that elevated levels of GDF-15 is a promising prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular diseases.Moreover,GDF-15 exhibits the properties of endogenous anti-hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes and protecting the heart suffering from ischemia and reperfusion insult.Conclusion Ve GDF-15 may be a promising biomarker for evaluation and management of patient with cardiovascular diseases,and have potential protective properties on myocardium.

Esophageal perforation is a rare disease, which require emergent diagnosis and therapeutic procedure. In this paper, we present one case of esophageal perforation by traction of toothbrush which was swallowed during pharyngeal irritation. After the toothbrush was inserted to stomach by gastroscope, gastrostomy was performed for removal of toothbrush and the esophageal perforation was repaired by operation.
Diagnosis ; Esophageal Perforation* ; Gastroscopes ; Gastrostomy ; Rare Diseases ; Stomach ; Traction

OBJECTIVETo sum up the clinical experience in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with the prostate weighing over 80 ml by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) combined with 2 μm continuous-wave laser vaporesection (LVR).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of TURP combined with 2 μm LVR in the treatment of 46 cases of BPH with the prostate volume > 80 ml.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully accomplished. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were (112.0 ± 20.0) min (range 86-176 min) and (77.9 ± 25.9) ml (range 50-200 ml), respectively. The catheters were withdrawn at 7 days after surgery. Transient urinary incontinence occurred in 6 cases and secondary hemorrhage was found in 2 postoperatively. Six-month follow-up revealed no urethral stricture or other complications. Compared with the baseline, the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was significantly decreased at 6 months after operation (26.3 ± 1.8 vs 11.6 ± 1.7, P <0.05), and so were the quality of life (QOL) score (5.3 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 1.1, P <0.05) and post-void residual urine (PVR) ([115.5 ± 55.6] ml vs [19.9 ± 11.6] ml, P <0.05). However, the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was remarkably increased from (4.1 ± 2.6) ml/s to (16.2 ± 1.7) ml/s (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONTURP combined with 2 μm LVR is safe and effective for the treatment of BPH with the prostate volume >80 ml.

Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology ; Urinary Retention

BACKGROUND: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), commonly known as bone cement, has been widely used in the orthopedic surgery. It ensures the immediate stability of prosthesis and the minimal micromotion at the cement-bone interface, allowing early weight-bearing after surgery. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical performance of Sanders type III fracture of the calcaneus by using PMMA bone cement as a treatment. METHODS: Eight adult cadaveric ankle and calcaneus specimens were selected and served as normal controls after detection of biomechanical properties. Another eight specimens were collected and randomized into experimental group and control group to make a model of Sanders type III fracture in the calcaneus. In the experimental group, PMMA bone cement was injected into the defect area. In the control group, the artificial bone was implanted in the defect area and a steel plate was used to fix the lateral calcaneus. Biomechanical properties of the specimens in the experimental and control group were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Strain and stress of the calcaneus: The stress distribution of the calcaneus in the normal control group was consistent with that in the experimental group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The stress of the calcaneus in the experimental group was similar to that in the control group with no significant difference. (2) Displacement and axial stiffness of the calcaneus: Compared with the normal control group, the calcaneal displacement in the experimental group only decreased slightly, and there was no significant difference between the two groups, and likewise, the calcaneal displacement in the control group increased slightly. In the experimental group, the axial compression strength was (21.98±1.88) MPa and the axial compression stiffness was (1 633±150) N/mm. Therefore, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the normal control group (P > 0.05). (3) Contact strength of the subtalar joint: Fractures basically recovered with good outcomes after PMMA bone cement injection. To conclude, by using PMMA bone cement in the treatment of calcaneus fractures, the scientific validity and clinical utility can be ensured.

Objective To understand the genetic polymorphism of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in Guangdong province, as well as to explore methods for identifying and tracing the source of these two foodbome pathogens. Methods Using the automated ribotyping system, two foodbome pathogens were tested with either EcoR Ⅰ or Pvu Ⅱ restriction enzymes. BioNumerics software was then applied for image analysis, database establishment and other corresponding analysis. Results Digestion of 32 Salmonella isolates with Pvu Ⅱ yielded 19 different ribotypes,and digestion of 14 Salmonella isolates with EcoR Ⅰ yielded 2 different ribotypes. Staphyloccus aureus isolates showed greater genetic diversity, whereas EcoR Ⅰ digestion of 49 different isolates yielded 31 different ribotypes. Conclusion Unique Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus isolates could be identified through ribotyping. Although Salmonella serotyping and ribotyping were not strongly correlated, the combination of both restriction enzymes could be used to more effectively identify the genetic relationship among different strains as well as the source of food poisoning. Thus, not only could the genetic relationships amongst the different strains be inferred through ribotyping skills, the source of food poisoning and mode of transmission could also be determined under the use of this method.

AIMTo establish a simple, rapid and accurate electroanalytical method for water soluble porphyrin meso-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS4); to clarify the reaction between water soluble porphyrins and bovine serum albumin (BSA); and to determine the interaction of TPPS4 with BSA in the absence of presence of cyclodextrins (CDs), separately.

METHODSThree methods including LSV, UV spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy had been employed to the relevant experiments. The way of employing three methods at the same time could make the experiment results more reliable.

RESULTSIn the supporting electrolyte of NaH2 PO4-Na2 HPO4 (pH 7.18), a sensitive reduction peak of TPPS4 was found by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), the peak potential (Ep) was -0.70 V (vs SCE). The relationship between the second derivative peak of LSV (ip") and the concentration of TPPS4 was linear from 1.0 x 10(-7) mol x L(-1) to 1.0 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1), the square of correlation coefficients (r2) were 0.998 3 and 0.999 3, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.56% (n = 5). The mean recovery of TPPS4 was 99.59%. In NH4Cl-NH3 x H2O buffers (pH 9.05), it was proved that BSA and TPPS4 could interact with each other and form 1 : 1 TPPS4-BSA supramolecular system. Moreover, the interaction between TPPS4 and BSA had been investigated by adding cyclodextrins (CDs). The interaction of TPPS4 with BSA was facilitated both by hydroxypropyl-beta-CD (HP-beta-CD) and sulforbutylether-beta-CD (SBE-beta-CD).

CONCLUSIONAn electroanalytical method for TPPS4 has been established by LSV. The porphyrin drugs included by CDs could react with protein existing inside the human body easier. The consequences of this article also show that CDs will play important role in controlling and releasing the porphyrin drugs.

2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin ; Electrochemistry ; methods ; Electrodes ; Porphyrins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Serum Albumin ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; chemistry ; metabolism

Objective To analysis the etiology and molecular classification of brucella strains isolated in Guangdong province in 2010.Methods The strains of 19 brucella were verified and identified by some methods including traditional biology phenotype confirmation,PCR amplification and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results On phenotype level,4 strains were brucella melitensis biovar 1,2 strains were brucella suis biovar 3,and the rest were brucella melitensis biovar 3,which were specific B genes positive strains,and the PFGE typing similar values ranging from 67.9％ to 100％.In addition to the four strains from Zhuhai for the outbreak,the homology was 100％,and the rest were sporadic cases.Conclusions Brucella cases,in Guangdong province,are highly sporadic and dispersed outbreaks.Compared with a few years ago,it shows species diversification,and brucella melitensis biovar 3 is still the dominant serotype.PFGE can be used to distinguish the three species of brucella,but it can't effectively distinguish the allotypes.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of SOX9 expression and clinicopathologic factors and prognosis of gastric cancer.

METHODSA retrospective cohort study including 112 gastric cancer patients admitted to the Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2004 to 2006 was performed. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate the expression of SOX9 in the 112 specimens of gastric cancer tissues and 70 non-cancerous tissues adjacent to the tumor.

RESULTSLow expression of SOX9 was seen in 5(7.1%) tissues out of 70 non-cancerous tissues adjacent to the tumor. A total of 94(83.9%) patients had varying expression of SOX9, of whom 51(45.4%) had overexpression. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the expression of SOX9 was significantly associated with Lauren classification (P<0.05), tumor invasion(P<0.01), lymph node metastasis(P<0.05), distant metastasis(P<0.05) and tumor stage(P<0.05), however there was no significant association between SOX9 expression and sex, age, histological type, histology differentiation or tumor size. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 5-year survival rate of patients with SOX9 over-expression was significantly lower than that of patients with low expression(29.4% vs. 49.2%, P=0.031). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that histology differentiation(P=0.046), tumor invasion(P=0.001), and distant metastasis(P<0.01) were independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer, however the over-expression of SOX9 was not significant(P=0.948).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression SOX9 is associated with the growth, invasion, and metastasis of gastric cancer, as well as the prognosis. However, SOX9 expression is not an independent factor for the prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Yeast is a widely used host for recombinant protein expression. However, glycoproteins derived from yeast contain N-glycan of high mannose type and are usually hyperglycosylated. alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferases gene (och1) encodes the enzyme that initiates the first step of out-chain elongation of high mannose type N-glycan in yeast, which is different from that in human. So, a high efficient method to knockout target gene by two-step recombination was established and was used to delete och1. In the first recombinant, a plasmid with och1::ADE1 and ura3 gene was linearized in the downstream of och1 and inserted to the och1 site of P. pastoris genome, where the upstream and downstream of och1 were duplicated. In the second recombinant, the duplicated fragments of och1 were exchanged and the och1 deletion strains were selected on the plates containing 5-FOA, but no adenine. Then the och1 deletion strain was applied to express an human serum albumin (HSA) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) chimera. Different with the hyperglycosylated HSA/GM-CSF chimera expressed in wild type P. pastoris, the chimera expressed in the och1 deletion strain, contained smaller N-glycan. The results suggested that the och1 mutant yeast may be more suitable for production of recombinant glycoproteins. And the och 1 deletion strain could be used for further re-engineering to produce complex human glycoproteins.
Chimera ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Mannosyltransferases ; genetics ; Pichia ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Serum Albumin ; biosynthesis ; genetics