The formulation for sustained release tablet of Epinedium component was selected and the evaluation equation of in vitro release was established. The liquidity of component was improved with the help of colloidal silica aided by spray drying, which would be the main drug in the sustained release tablets. Dissolution was selected as an evaluation index to investigate skeletal material type, fillers, impact porogen, lubricants and other materials on the quality of sustained release tablet. The sustained release tablets were prepared by dry compression. Formulation of sustained release preparations was main drug 35%, HPMC K(4M) 20% and HPMC K(15M) 10% as skeleton material, MCC 31% as filler, PEG6000 2% as porogen and magnesium stearate 2% as lubricant. The sustained release tablets released up to 80% in 8 h. The zero order equation, primary equation and Higuchi equation could simulate the release characteristics of sustained release tablets in vitro, the correlation coefficients r were larger than 0.96. The primary equation was most similar in vitro release characteristics and its correlation coefficient r was 0.9950. The preparation method is simple and the results of formulation selection are reliable. It can be used to guide the production of Epimedium component sustained release preparations.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Tablets ; chemistry

Objective To observe the perioperative management of cardiac surgery and extracorporeal circulation method in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency(G6PD).Methods Ten patients with G6PD deficiency underwent uneventful cardiac surgery procedures between January 2005 and December 2010.Twenty patients who had non-G6PD deficiency were as a control group,the selected conditions were the same gender,age,body mass,the risk of heart disease surgery.The preoperative management in patients with G6PD deficiency mainly focused on avoiding the drugs implicated in haemolysis,reducing the surgical stress,using moderate hypothermia extracorporeal circulation and enhancing blood conservation.Observed indicators included the assisted ventilation time,urine volume,the drainage volume of chest tube,the amount transfusion of red blood cells and plasma,the level of hemoglobin and serum total bilirubin in the 2nd day after surgery,ICU stay.Results Compared with the control group,patients with G6PD deficiency had no significant difference in duration of ventilation after the operation,drainage,urine,Hgb,bilirubin levels,and blood transfusion[(9.3 ± 4.5)h vs (8.6 ± 5.7)h,(2100 ±670)ml vs (1950 ± 490) ml,(253 ± 146)ml vs (260 ± 120)ml,(1.3 ± 1.0)U vs (1.8 ± 1.2)U,(96 ± 25)g/L vs (99 ± 12)g/L,and (24 ± 8)μmol/L vs (27 ± 1 l)μmol/L,t =0.978,2.032,1.257,0.891,2.182,2.271,and 1.329,all P ＞ 0.05].The duration of ICU discharge was significantly longer in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient group[ (2.6 ± 0.6)d vs (1.8 ± 1.5)d,t =2.704,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Cardiac surgery can be performed safely in patients with G6PD deficiency with enhanced perioperative management.

Objective To determine the conditioning regimen suitable for mice allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods Twelve BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to undergo X-ray irradiation by linear accelerator at the dose of 7.0 Gy (pure X-ray group) or 60Co source irradiation at the dose of 7.0 Gy (pure γ-ray group).Thirty mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to undergo X-ray irradiation and then infusion of bone marrow from donor mice via caudal vein (X-ray + transplantation group) or γ-ray and then infusion of bone marrow via caudal vein (γ-ray + transplahtation group).3,5,7,10,15,20,and 30 d later peripheral blood samples were collected to calculate the number of white blood cells (WBCs) and detect the chimeric rates of lymphocytes by flow cytometry.5,10,and 20 d after irradiation 15 mice were killed with their lung,liver,small intestine,spleen,and femurs taken out to undergo pathological examination.Results The survival rates during the period 5-15 days of the γ-ray + transplantation group were all significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group.The pathological changes of organs of the X-ray +transplantation group were all more severe than those of the γ-ray + transplantation group.Since the fifth day after transplantation cells originating from the donor began to appear in the peripheral blood.The chimeric rate of the γ-ray + transplantation group 10 days after transplantation was (95.53± 2.57) %.The chimeric rates 5,10,and 20 days after transplantation of the γ-ray + transplantation group were all significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group (t = 15.263,3.256,P < 0.05).The WBC count of both irradiation groups decreased to the lowest level 5 d later and began to increase 10 days after transplantation and the WBC counts of the γ-ray + transplantation group 10 and 20 days aftertransplantation were both significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group (t = 3.624,6.695 ,P < 0.05).The chimeric rats of the peripheral lymphocytes 10 and 20 days after transplantation of the γ-ray + transplantation group were both significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group (t = 12.317,8.295,P < 0.05).The homogeneity rate of transplantation of the γ-ray +transplantation group was better than that of the X-ray + transplantation group.Conclusions As a conditioning regimen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation γ-ray irradiation causes milder injury and accelerated reconstitution of hematopoiesis and immunity,in comparison with X-ray irradiation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism by which Biejiajian pills inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma in a nude mouse model bearing HepG2 cell xenograft.

METHODSThe inhibitory effect of Biejiajian pills on the growth of HepG2 cell xenograft in nude mice was observed. Immunohistochemical method was used to examine proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in HepG2 cell xenograft, and TUNEL method was employed to detect the cell apoptosis; the expression levels of β-catenin and Tbx3 were measured by Western blotting.

RESULTSBiejiajian pills significantly suppressed the growth of HepG2 cell xenograft in nude mice. The tumor-bearing mice treated with a high and a moderate dose of Biejiajian pills showed significantly increased apoptosis rate of the tumor cells [(22.9±1.220)% and (14.7±0.50)%, respectively] compared with the control group [(5.5±0.90)%, P<0.05]. Treatment with Biejiajian pills significantly decreased the expressions of PNCA, β-catenin, and Tbx3 in the cell xenograft (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBiejiajian pills can inhibit the growth of HepG2 cell xenograft in nude mice and promote tumor cell apoptosis possibly by inhibiting PNCA expression and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

Animals ; Arecoline ; pharmacology ; Cholinergic Agonists ; pharmacology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; physiology ; Pyloric Antrum ; physiology ; Receptor, Muscarinic M3 ; metabolism

Objective To assess the functional role of TH 17 cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allyHSCT).Methods Bone marrow monocytes and splenic T cells were enriched from C57/BL6 donors.Recipient Balb/c mice were irradiated with 7.5 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) and injected with 5 105 splenic T cells and 5 106 bone marrow monocytes.Survival was monitored daily,clinical graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was assayed three times a week,and detailed histopathologic analyses of lung were performed at day six after Allo-HSCT.Flow cytometry analysis was performed using CD3-FITC,CD4-PE,CD45-PerCP-CyS.5 monoclonal antibodies.Cells were stained for intracellular cytokines using mouse TH 1/TH2/TH 17 cytokine kit.Results All the experimental animals showed GVHD manifestations on the day 6 after transplantation.Animals from BMT and HF groups were scarified and histological analysis of lung was performed.Absence of TH 17 cells induced severe pathologic pulmonary lesions.The histopathology of the lung tissue was characterized by disorganization,epithelia cell damage,interstitial fibroplasias,and monocytes infiltration.The proportion of TH1 and TH 17 in BMT group was (5.53 ± 0.11 ) ％ and ( 1.04 ± 0.34)％ respectively,both significantly different from that in HF group.The levels of IL-17A and IFN-γin BMT group were (2.81 ±0.19) and (42.97 ± 0.23) pg/mL respectively.IL-17A could not be detected in HF group,yet the level of IFN-y was only (9.89 ± 0.51 ) pg/mL.IL-10 in both HF and BMT groups was not detectable.Conclusion Lung is on target of aGVHD.IL-17A may play a key role in the lung injury after transplantation.

TAR DNA/RNA -binding domain protein 43 (TDP-43) is a highly conserved and widely expressed nuclear protein. TDP-43 is recognized as a pathological marker protein of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and alzheimer disease (AD).This article discusses the structure and the function ofTDP-43 and the relationship of its expression in neurodegenerative disease.Meanwhile, this article emphatically probes into the specific expression andfunction of TDP-43 in acute and chronic brain injury based on the knowledge of its biological characteristics,aiming to explore the feasibility for determining the cause of death and the injury and disability situations by TDP-43 in forensic pathology.

Objective To explore role of 64-slices spiral CT in differetiation of acute chest pains.Methods Thirty six patients with acute chest pains were performed 64-slices spiral CT chest angiography.Two-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstruction was performed in all patients by means of multiplanar reconstruction(MPR)(coronal,sgittal oblique),curved planar reformation(CPR), maximum intensity projection(MIP),and volume rendering(VR).All images were blindly reading by two experienced radiologist.DSA were performed at the same time in 16 cases.Results The coronary artery branches,pulmonary artery and aortic artery in all patients were showed clearly,The acute myocardial infarction were showed in 10 cases,The pulmonary artery embolism in 14 cases,The aortic dissection in 6 cases respectively,The Coronary embolism in One case ,pneumothorax In One case The constrictive pericarditis in 1 case respectively.Normal findings in 4 cases.Conclusion 64-slices spiral CT is a useful and noninvasive examination in acute chest pain.

OBJECTIVE: To observe cardiac ultrastructure and the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and hypoxia inducible factor-lα (HIF-lα) in electric shock death rats and to explore the application of these indexes as the basis of medical identification in electric shock death. METHODS: Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into electric shock death group, postmortem electric shock group and the control group. The changes of myocardial ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscope, and the expressions of myocardial HSP70 and HIF-1α were observed by immunohistochemical technology. RESULTS: Myocardial myofibril fracture, mitochondrial cristae and membrane dissolution, and disordered arrangement of Z lines and M lines were observed in electric shock rats. HSP70 and HIF-lα were strong positive expressions in the electric shock death group, significantly compared with the control and postmortem electric shock groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The expressions of HSP70 and HIF-lα were obviously increased in electric shock death group, which may be used as the diagnostic indicator of electric shock death.
Animals ; Death ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism* ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of Dragon's blood for improving the drug solubility and the preparation.

METHODThe inclusion complexes were prepared with beta-cyclodextrin, HP-beta-cyclodextrin, SBE-beta-cyclodextrin and confirmed by DTA. The activity of the inclusion complex was tested by animal experiments. Inclusion complexes tablets were prepared and the dissolution test was performed.

RESULTThe solubility of inclusion complexes was increased to 13. 75-168. 39 times. The activity of the inclusion complex was markedly improved, and dissolution rate was 78.69%.

CONCLUSIONThe cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of Dragon's blood have a good solubility, dissolution rate and pharmacological activity.

2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin ; Cyclodextrins ; chemistry ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Tablets ; chemistry ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; chemistry